People with an impulsive(冲动的)personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.
Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺)release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.
Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits(特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI(身体质量指数)during the study. Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity(肥胖).
“Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt.
Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits.
“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”
1.How does the author introduce the two personality trains in paragraph 3?
A. By making comparisons and conclusions
B. By explaining causes and effects
C. By presenting questions and answers
D. By giving definitions and examples
2.What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?
A. It has been successfully carried out among overweight people
B. It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight
C. It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people
D. It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior
3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Dopamine release Caused by Food Addiction
B. Food Addiction Compared to Drug Use
C. Impulsive Personality Linked to Food Addition
D. Food Addiction Contributing to Obesity
I go grocery shopping nearly every day. That day I was trying desperately to find a good tomato. I finally grabbed the best one I could find. Backing away from the counter with it in hand. I wasn’t paying attention. “Oh, I’m so sorry!” I said as I nearly fell over a woman in an electric cart. Many stores have started providing electric cars for those who have difficulty getting around. “Oh, that’s okay. I’m used to it. they need to put horns(喇叭)on these things,” she said with a smile. “We are positioned a bit lower and somewhat out of view. They are also so quiet that often people just don’t hear us coming. But I don’t know what I’d do without one. Oh, what a beautiful tomato it is ! I used to grow tomatoes. But this year I just couldn’t do it any more.”
“I’m sorry for your challenges. It must be frustrating.” I said.
“Well, it all requires a change in attitude, I could spend my time thinking about what I can’t do any more, or spend it on what new things I can do. I loved gardening. Besides my vegetable I also planted many flowers. All those years of love and attention kept them strong, so my work paid off,” the old woman replied.
“I love your attitude,” I added. “But tell me, what new things have you discovered? You said you needed to focus on new things you could do.” “Well, I can go to the grocery store and make new friends by running into perfect strangers with my cart,” she said. “What I’ve discovered is that I can’t grow flowers any more, but I can paint flowers. When I hang my flowers paintings on the wall, the fresh scent stays in my soul. Since I can’t get around as much and they are just there, we are a perfect match.”
“Just like meeting you, my friend. You added beauty to my day and will brighten the dark corners of my memory just when I need it most,” I told her.
1.The electric cars in the stores are used to _________.
A. give short people a good view B. help the disabled get around easily
C. carry goods out of the store D. warn people of danger
2.The woman gave up growing tomatoes probably because __________.
A. she didn’t like growing vegetables B. she liked planting flowers
C. she had difficulty in gardening D. she had no room to do so
3.According to the text, which of the following words can NOT be used to describe the old woman?
A. Hard-working B. Friendly
C. Optimistic D. Bored
4.The underlined part “a perfect match” in Paragraph 4 refers to the old woman and ________.
A. her electric cart B. the flower in her garden
C. her flower paintings D. the strangers she met in the stores
一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。写作要点：
1.它是中国的传统节日之一；
2.家人团聚；
3.赏月、吃月饼；
4.还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival
农历 lunar calendar
赏月 enjoy the full moon
月饼 moon cake
The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.
One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish.
Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
A best friend is someone to 1. you can tell everything, even your most 2. (person) feelings and thoughts. Anne Frank treated her diary 3. her best friend. The German Nazis were in search of Anne and her family. The family had to 4. away from the chase. They didn’t dare to go out even in the evenings. They had to stay indoors day and night. Not 5. (be) able to go out for such a long time, Anne missed the beauty of nature so much that she grew 6. about everything to do with it. She stayed up 7. eleven thirty one evening on 8. just to see the moonlight. She said, “This is the first time I 9. (see) the moonlight since I came here.”
10. (fortunate), the family were discovered at last and taken away from the hiding place.
Making friends is a shill. Like most skills, it ______ patience. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to ______ some action. You must first go where there are people. You won’t make friends staying home ______.
Joining a club or group, talking to those who like the same things ______ you do is much easier. Or join someone ______ some activity.
Many people are ______ when talking to new people.______ all, meeting strangers means seeing the unknown. And it’s human nature to feel a bit ______ about the unknown. Most of fears about ______ new people come from doubts about ______. We imagine other people are ______ us—finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But don’t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself ______ you are, and try to put the other at ease. You’ll both feel more comfortable.
Try to act self-confident even ______ you don’t feel that way when you ______ a room full of strangers. Walk tall and straight, look at other people directly and ______.
If you see someone you’d like to ______, say something. Don’t wait for ______ person to start a talk.
Just meeting someone ______ does not mean that you’ll make friends with that person.______ is based on mutual (相互的) likings and “give and take”. It takes time to ______ friendship.
1.A. costs B. needs C. spends D. wants
2.A. take B. make C. do D. carry
3.A. lonely B. yourself C. alone D. with you
4.A. At as B. that C. which D. what
5.A. with B. in C. on D. to
6.A. shy B. excited C. afraid D. worried
7.A. At B. For C. In D. After
8.A. A unhappy B. usual C. upset D. unlucky
9.A. meeting B. talking C. visiting D. speaking
10.A. yourself B. himself C. yourselves D. ourselves
11.A. talking B. saying C. judging D. laughing
12.A. like B. as C. what D. that
13.A. when B. if C. as D. what
14.A. come B. go C. enter D. step to
15.A. laugh B. smile C. cry D. jump
16.A. speak to B. talk about C. say to D. call up
17.A. other B. the other C. another D. others
18.A. old B. young C. new D. little
19.A. Relation B. Friendship C. Connection D. Feeling
20.A. develop B. start C. keep D. change
