It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs; germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing (使用牙线) helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart.
It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart. Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against there germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime.
Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence. The incidence (发生率) of two or more events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence. Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems, and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts.
The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true. But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing does not help your heart, it is true to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.
1.From the passage, we know that ________.
A. food stuck between your teeth may hurt your teeth
B. all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heart
C. doctors’ judgment about flossing is based on medical research
D. not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy
2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to ________.
A. provide an example
B. make a comparison
C. introduce a new topic
D. develop the previous statement
3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth.
B. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart.
C. Because doctors find flossing won’t help your heart, it is useless to floss.
D. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day.
4.Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Flossing by Coincidence
B. How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy
C. Flossing Habits and Healthy Hearts
D. Why Doctors Disagree About Flossing
Harper Lee, whose 1961 novel To Kill a Mockingbird on the racial troubles of the American deep south, has died at the age of 89.
Until last year, Lee had been something of a one-book literary legend. To kill a Mockingbird sold more than 40 million copies around the world and earned her a Pulitzer prize, remaining a towering presence in American literature. Another novel, Go Set A Watchman, was controversially published in July 2015 as a “sequel” to Mockingbird, though it was later confirmed to be Mockingbird’s first draft.
But from the moment Mockingbird was published to almost instant success, the author consistently avoided public attention. Lee had lived for several years in a nursing home near the house in which she had grown up in Monroeville, Alabama—the setting for Maycomb of her famous book. Her neighbor for 40 years, Sue Sellers, said, “She was such a private person. All she wanted was privacy, but she didn’t get much. There was always somebody following her around.”
James Naughtie, BBC Books Editor, commented on the novels of Harper Lee: “I think she stands, particularly among American readers, as someone who shone a light into a very dark place. She was writing at a time when people were beginning to lift the lid on everything in the South which they’d chosen not to understand. That all changed in the 1960s. So I think her status for writing that book in its extraordinarily direct way will remain.
1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Lee became successful with stories on American south.
B. People owe Lee’s success to luck to some degree.
C. Mockingbird makes Lee a wonder in American literature.
D. Mockingbird was a bestseller by selling 40 million copies.
2.What does “Maycomb” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A. A nursing home.
B. Lee’s hometown.
C. A fiction place.
D. A main character.
3.Which best describes Americans’ attitude towards racial troubles before the 1960s?
A. Tolerant.B. Unconcerned.C. Sympathetic.D. Dissatisfied
4.What can we learn from the text?
A. Lee based all her stories on her life.
B. Lee had to avoid being followed by her fans.
C. Lee wrote Go Set A Watchman before Mockingbird.
D. Lee lived in the house where she grew up for the whole life.
For the Travel section, writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities.
Brussels:Chocolate
Nearly half the chocolate consumed in the world is eaten in Europe, and Belgium—with average consumption of 14.99 pounds per person a year—certainly covers its fair share. While Brussels, the country’s capital, is home to hundreds of chocolate makers, what makes a visit necessary is the rich heritage of traditional chocolate makers.
Budapest: Paprika (红辣椒)
The job of preparing Hungarian paprika was once considered too dangerous for mothers to do. A woman who touched her children upon returning from work risked burning them, so only the elderly and unmarried were allowed the delicate task of separating the skin from the flesh. But by the early 20th century, sweeter varieties and a machine turned paprika into a common feature of all Hungarian cuisine.
Lisbon: Tiles (瓷砖)
Is there a bluer Country than Portugal? The blue sky and Atlantic Ocean embrace the land. The blue moods of Fado, the dark folk music, form the national soundtrack. And all across Portugal, the typically blue designs of azulejos—ceramic tiles—are spread across churches, castles, palaces, university halls, parks... The result is a beautiful land of Christian saints, Portuguese kings, historical glories, aristocrats at leisure, seascapes and so on.
Madrid: Guitars
Walking into one of Madrid’s storied guitar makers’ workshops can feel like stepping into the past. Curly wood shavings, from the palest pine to ebony, fall onto the floor as artisans turn some humble wood into works of art. It’s painstaking work—all done by hand—with classical guitar models and the methods of making them changing little over the last century.
1.What does the job of preparing Hungarian paprika suggest?
A. The popularity of Hungarian peppers.
B. The difficulty of processing peppers.
C. The unique tradition in Budapest.
D. The hot level of Hungarian peppers.
2.Which city can be a splendid setting for a film?
A. Brussels.B. BudapestC. LisbonD. Madrid.
3.What’s the similarity of the four items?
A. They’re all treasures of a city.
B. They all date back to several centuries.
C. Their production processes are all painstaking.
D. They all win popularity in most European countries.
国内某家英文报纸设有一个求助信箱（letters to Dr. Helper）。请根据一份学生现状中列出的部分信息，以高三学生王勇的名义，用英语给Dr. Helper写一封短信（写信时间为2003年2月16日）。
学生现状：1、每日在校时间9小时；
2、每日作业时间3—4小时；
3、每日课外活动时间几乎没有；
4、每日睡眠时间不足。
负担过重原因：考试压力大；作业多，家长期望高
生词：负担过重overload 压力pressure 期望expectation
注意：1、书信格式要正确；
2、表达要点要全，不能逐句翻译；
3、词数120左右。
Dear Dr. Helper,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Sandy is seventeen years old. And she is much busy. She never has enough time for that she wants to do. Like many other girls about her age, she spends hours on the telephone, talks to her friends. She often goes out on the weekends, and she looks after children for other families to get some money. But, of course, during the school years she herself has a lot homework to do. During the football season, Sandy is more busier than usual. She and other pretty girls are cheer leaders. They jump up and down together, cheering when the team have played well. When the team is not playing so well, the girls try their best encourage the players. The cheers are usually not long, but it takes a long time to practice shout them together.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ___1.__water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder __2.__ had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man __3._ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ___4.__ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home __5.__ a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let __6.___ student taste the water. He spit it out, __7.__ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like __8._?”
The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be __9.__ (sweet).”
We understand this lesson best ___10.___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
