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阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sadness...

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sadness, feeling down and having a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities 1. (be) symptoms familiar to all of us. But, if they affect our life substantially, they may be depression.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), 7.6 percent of people over the age of 12 have depression in any 2-week period, 2. shows the scale of the issue.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression is the most common illness worldwide and the leading cause of 3. (disable). They estimate that 350 million people 4. (affect) by depression, globally.

5. (general), the symptoms include lack of joy and reduced interest in things. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistently (连续地) low mood and a feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It is a persistent problem, not a passing one, 6. (last) on average 6 to 8 months.

Diagnosis of depression starts 7. a consultation with a doctor or mental health specialist. It is important to seek help from a health professional to rule out different causes of depression, ensure an accurate diagnosis and secure safe and 8. (effect) treatment.

As for most visits to 9. doctor, there may be a physical examination 10. (check) physical causes and other conditions. Depression is a treatable mental disease.

 

1.are 2.which 3.disability 4.are affected 5.Generally 6.lasting 7.with 8.effective 9.the 10.to check 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了抑郁症的症状、普遍性以及如何治疗等相关情况。 1. 考查主谓一致。句意:悲伤、情绪低落、对日常活动失去兴趣或乐趣是我们都很熟悉的症状。句子叙述的是客观事实,应该是一般现在时;分析句子结构,句子的主语“Sadness, feeling down and having a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities”指三种不同的症状,是复数意义,因此谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填are。 2. 考查定语从句关系词。句意:根据疾病控制和预防中心(CDCP)的数据,12岁以上的人群中,7.6%的人在任何两周的周期内都会有抑郁,这表明了这个问题的规模性。分析句子结构,“____ shows the scale of the issue”是非限制性定语从句,此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子的内容,意思为“这件事,这一点”。 故填which。 3. 考查名词。句意:根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的数据,抑郁症是世界上最常见的疾病,也是导致残疾的主要原因。在介词of后,应该是名词形式;disable是动容词,名词为disability。故填disability。 4. 考查时态和语态。句意:他们估计全球有3.5亿人受到抑郁症的影响。people和affect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;句子叙述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;因此用一般现在时的被动语态;主语350 million people是复数,谓语动词应用复数形式;故填are affected。 5. 考查副词。句意:通常来说,症状包括缺少快乐和对事物的兴趣降低。修饰整个句子,应该用副词形式。故填Generally。 6. 考查现在分词。句意:这是一个持续性的问题,不是一个暂时性的问题,平均持续6到8个月。分析句意,“_____ on average 6 to 8 months.”在句中是状语;句子主语it和last之间为逻辑上的主动关系,此处用现在分词lasting作状语,表示补充说明。故填lasting。 7. 考查固定短语。句意:抑郁症的诊断应从咨询医生或心理健康专家开始。根据句意,此处是短语start with,意思为“从……开始”。故填with。 8. 考查形容词。句意:重要的是要寻求健康专业人士的帮助,以排除抑郁症的不同原因,确保准确的诊断和安全有效的治疗。修饰名词treatment,应该用形容词形式。故填effective。 9. 考查冠词。句意:对于大多数去看医生的人来说,可能会进行体检,检查身体原因和其他状况。此处是“the+单数名词”表示泛指一类人或事物。故填the。 10. 考查不定式。句意:对于大多数去看医生的人来说,可能会进行体检,检查身体原因和其他状况。根据句意,此处用不定式作目的状语,表示目的,意思为“为了检查……”。故填to check。
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    My parents were so proud of me, especially of something I accomplished. This is one of my happiest memories and, sadly, also the _______ I have of my parents. They _______ in one evening when some drunken men crashed their car into them.

From then on, I was _______. I missed them greatly, but _______ surprisingly well on my own. If they were alive, they would be most _______ of the moment I met my best friend, Eliza Jones. I’m also most proud of that _______.

It was a June evening. I was seventeen years old and sitting on a tree branch, listening to the music the water created under the bridge. Just then I noticed a(n) _______ appear on the bridge. Suddenly it stopped on the top of the bridge and _______ to the river.

I _______ up and launched myself at the falling figure. I had never swum at this ________. I had to catch it; ________ I would never forgive myself. I swam faster and faster and ________ the figure. I laid the person on the riverbank and found it was a girl, about my age. She asked me why I tried to ________ her, I said I couldn’t just watch someone didn’t ________ her life. Then we talked and I found we both liked to read about fairies.

We ________ anything except the reason why she was there that night. She told me she was a writer who wanted to travel around the world and write amazing fantasy novels. I was glad she had a ________ for the future. Even so I wouldn’t ________ myself to ask her why she was so sad that she would throw away her wonderful ________. I just said, “Tomorrow morning the sun will rise, bringing with it the ________ of another start.” Minutes later, she said it was time that she should leave, but promised she would continue living well. After that I had a(n) ________ memory of the bridge.

1.A.last B.longest C.deepest D.easiest

2.A.married B.escaped C.returned D.died

3.A.stubborn B.nervous C.unaccompanied D.impatient

4.A.travelled B.played C.changed D.managed

5.A.frightened B.proud C.aware D.confident

6.A.moment B.advice C.achievement D.dream

7.A.accident B.poster C.pattern D.figure

8.A.referred B.turned C.jumped D.pointed

9.A.turned B.shot C.spoke D.woke

10.A.atmosphere B.speed C.length D.chance

11.A.however B.instead C.otherwise D.besides

12.A.grasped B.discovered C.created D.abandoned

13.A.rescue B.remember C.support D.suspect

14.A.review B.treasure C.check D.choose

15.A.heard about B.cared about C.dreamed about D.talked about

16.A.negotiation B.target C.talent D.preference

17.A.force B.refuse C.relax D.adjust

18.A.occupation B.lesson C.life D.suggestion

19.A.background B.operation C.appointment D.promise

20.A.relative B.outstanding C.fond D.common

 

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The Health Benefits of Gardening

Gardening is popular in many parts of the world. This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables. But it also gives us many health benefits.

1.

Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. So it is a perfect time to socialize with your neighbors. Gardening can greatly widen a person’s community. Some people may not have the resources to have their own gardens. So, many cities and towns have community gardens. You can either volunteer or just visit to learn more.

2.

Gardening is a great activity to do with children, It gets families outdoors and off computers, televisions and other electronics. Gardening can be a great teacher. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating.

Getting Vitamin D

When you are in your garden, you might feel the sunshine on your skin. This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps your bodies use calcium (). 3.. Vitamin D also helps you fight diseases.

Doing more exercise

Also, when you garden, you must move around, All the different movements needed for gardening—bending, twisting, stretching and lifting-work small muscles in the body.4..

Reducing stress

5.. A study by the Netherlands found that gardening may reduce the stress hormone cortisol (激素皮质醇) in the brain. Scientists say that high levels of cortisol in the body interfere (干扰) with learning and memory. It can also increase a person’s weight, blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

A.Reducing loneliness

B.Getting along with children

C.That is necessary to keep bones strong

D.Gardening may help you stay energetic

E.Gardening may also help you to feel calm and happy

F.What you grow in a garden usually looks, smells, feels and tastes really good

G.And you can easily get a good workout when you are digging holes or pulling weeds

 

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    A new paper published in Environmental Research Letters has some warning news for people living in the lower 48 states: You may be at risk from river flooding and not even know it until the water starts to rise.

In fact, the study, estimates of present and future flood risk in the United States, found that 41 million U. S. residents are at risk from flooding along rivers. That’s three times more than current estimates based on the flood maps produced by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) , which primarily maps the areas at risk for 1-in-100-year floods in populous (人口众多的) river basins.

Why does the big difference come into being? As always, it’s all about the data. Generally, FEMA prioritizes risk-assessment areas based on their population; reserving expensive field-work methodologies (研究方法) for the more populous river basins, but many other rivers have not yet been mapped at all.

The size of the USA means that flood maps made in this way are incomplete. It would be too expensive and time-consuming to survey every river basin in America. The national-scale flood maps produced by FEMA leave the flood risk of many parts of the country unaccounted for.

For this research, scientists from The Nature Conservancy adopted a pioneering methodology that avoids the defects of the FEMA approach, where individual catchments (流域) are studied by making use of big data. The study used a new high-resolution model, produced by the flood-mapping organization Fathom, which copies floods on all rivers across the entire continental United States.

“We were all surprised by how many people are actually exposed to freshwater flooding in the USA,” said Oliver Wing, lead researcher on the study and a PhD student at the University of Bristol. “It’s particularly worrisome considering that most of these people aren’t even aware of the risk they face. This study helps fill that critical information gap.”

1.What did the new paper intend to tell readers?

A.The mistakes made by FEMA.

B.The serious situation of the flood.

C.The populous river basins of the USA.

D.The unseen risk of the flood in the USA.

2.Why is the map produced by FEMA incomplete?

A.It’s dangerous to research all the rivers.

B.The size of the USA is too big.

C.It ignores less populous rivers.

D.The efficiency of making it is low.

3.What does the underlined word “defects” in paragraph 5 mean?

A.Shortcomings. B.Potential.

C.Consumption. D.Contributions.

4.What attitude does Oliver Wing have to the study?

A.Critical. B.Supportive.

C.Cautious. D.Uncaring.

 

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    You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during a day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.

“The lift becomes an interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of strange,” Gray told the BBC. “They are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”

We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, lift-users unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.

He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want — it’s your own little box. If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.

Newcomers to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act quickly. Once in, for most people the rule is simple — look down, or look at your phone.

Why are we so awkward in lifts? “You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people, we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”

In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be considered to be threatening or strange, “The easiest way do this is avoid eye contact,” she said.

1.What is people’s response to the lift etiquette according to Gray?

A.Thinking much of it. B.Avoiding it on purpose.

C.Researching it continuously. D.Ignoring it unconsciously.

2.What does Gray think of riding a lift?

A.It’s funny and quick. B.It’s strange and dangerous.

C.It’s interesting but awkward. D.It’s convenient but boring.

3.What may most people do if they stay in the lift?

A.Talk loudly to each other. B.Keep still and silence.

C.Use mobile phones. D.Keep a close distance.

4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A.To show how to ride each elevators.

B.To introduce some rules of elevator etiquette.

C.To show how to break awkwardness of riding lifts

D.To analyze the reasons for keeping elevator etiquette.

 

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    I enjoy life because I am endlessly interested in people and their growth. My interest leads me to widen my knowledge of people, and this in turn makes me believe in the common goodness of mankind. I believe that the normal human heart is good since their birth. That is, it’s born sensitive and feeling eager to be approved and to approve, hungry for simple happiness and the chance to live.

Like Confucius, I am absorbed in the wonder of the earth, and the life on it. With a great faith in the human heart and its power to grow toward the light, I find here are reasons enough for hope and confidence in the future of mankind. The common sense of people will surely prove that mutual (相互的) support and cooperation are only sensible for the security and happiness of all. Such faith keeps me continually ready to do what one person can toward shaping the environment in which the human being can grow with freedom. This environment, I believe, is based upon the necessity for security and friendship.

I take heart in a promising fact that the future world will contain food supplies enough for the entire earth population. Our knowledge of medical science will be sufficient to improve the health of the whole human race. Our resources and education, if administered on a world scale, will lift the intelligence of the race.

Half a century ago, few people thought of world food, health and education. Many are thinking today of these things. Now I find my only questions about this: Are there enough people now who believe? Is there enough time left for the wise to act? It is a contest between ignorance and death, or wisdom and life. My faith in humanity stands firm.

1.What results in the author’s belief in people’s goodness?

A.His understanding of people. B.His desire for happiness.

C.His sensitive attitude to life. D.His kindness to people.

2.What should people do to build a secure and happy world?

A.Get ready to develop more friendship. B.Compete with others in everything.

C.Defeat others to get enough freedom. D.Help and cooperate with each other.

3.What does the author want to express in paragraph 3?

A.His demand for the present life. B.His expectation of the future world.

C.His belief in better environment. D.His hope of human relationships.

4.What may be the best title of the text?

A.Human Nature Is Good B.Believe in Ourselves

C.Live a Happy Life D.Help People in Need

 

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