Question

Fear is a fact of life everyone faces from time to time. In most cases fear is a healthy reaction to a dangerous situation. But sometimes fear can be so extreme that it interferes with normal living. That is what happened to me driving cross-country last summer.

I’d agreed to help my brother, Mac, move from the East Coast to California. He would drive a rental truck loaded with his belongings and I would follow him in his car, then fly back. We figured it would be a simple trip, with four or five motel (motorists’ hotel) stops along the way.

Living and working in coastal Georgia for most of my life, I did not have a great deal of long-distance driving experience. Looking back on it today, I can see that I’d always felt a sudden, sharp pain of fear when driving over small bridges and along hilly highways. And as I was getting ready for the trip I had an unclear concern about the steep mountain roads that lay ahead. But I thought I would get used to them.

As we crossed some high bridges near the Blue Ridge Mountains on the first leg of our trip, a kind of breathlessness gripped me, a sinking, rolling feeling in the pit of my stomach. I tended to move slightly away from the edge of the roadway and the drop-off beyond. My knuckles (指关节) whitened from my tense grip on the steering wheel. At the end of each bridge, a great rush of relief would come over me, only to be replaced in short order by fear of the next obstacle.

When we stopped in Nashville the first night, I mentioned my feelings lo Mac, who is the practical sort. “Oh, that’s nothing.” he said cheerfully. “Lots of people hale driving on mountain roads and high bridges. Just turn up the music on your radio and focus on that. Keep your mind occupied.”

1.Which is NOT the author’s attitude towards fear?

A. Fear can sometimes disturb your life.

B. It is natural to feel fear in everyday life.

C. In dangerous situations, fear may do good to your body.

D. Whenever you feel fear, you are likely to make a wrong decision.

2.How did the author and his brother go to California?

A. They rented a truck and drove it in turn.

B. The author and his brother drove different vehicles.

C. The author drove while his brother flew to California.

D. The author drove a rented car while his brother drove the truck.

3.To the author the trip is       .

A. frightening    B. pleasant

C. exciting    D. exhausting

4.Mac asked his brother to turn on the radio and focus on that in order to let him       .

A. keep using his brains

B. kill time during the long trip

C. think of other things instead of fear

D. enjoy the beautiful music along the way

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.A

4.C

【解析】这篇短文介绍作者和弟弟Mac分别开车进行的一次惊心动魄的旅行。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“that it interferes with normal living”可知，A项正确；根据第一段中的“Fear is a fact of life everyone faces from time to time.”可知，B项正确；根据第一段中的“In most cases fear is a healthy reaction to a dangerous situation.”可知C项正确。因此D项是错误的。故选D.

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He would drive a rental truck loaded with his belongings and I would follow him in his car, then fly back.”可知，作者和弟弟分别开两辆车。故选B.

3.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“That is what happened to me driving cross-country last summer.”可推知，这次旅行是心惊胆战的。故选A.

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Just turn up the music on your radio and focus on that. Keep your mind occupied.”可知，Mac建议“我”打开收音机，专注于音乐避免恐惧。故选C.

【名师点睛】

文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。

A. 细节理解题主要设问的方式有：

（1）Which of the following statements is True (Not True)?

（2）Which of the questions has not been mentioned (or discussed) in the passage?

（3）What is the reason that …?

（4）What do we know about…?

（5）How did the people know …?

（6）Why was … so important to …?

B. 细节理解题主要的答题策略有：

（1）细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。

（2）变通理解，间接转述找答案。细节理解题通常采用词语和句型转换的形式来取代原文中的表述，命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。

（3）多点归纳，综合事实找答案。细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳，切忌根据“一面之词”草率地作出结论。

如小题1，本题判断错误选项，可以通过排除正确选项得到正确答案。根据第一段中的“that it interferes with normal living”可知，A项正确；根据第一段中的“Fear is a fact of life everyone faces from time to time.”可知，B项正确；根据第一段中的“In most cases fear is a healthy reaction to a dangerous situation.”可知C项正确。从而用排除法得到答案。