Question

Visitors to the grounds of New College at England’s Oxford University pass under an iron gate with the advice: Manners make the man. Even after an appropriate update to: Manners make the person, it’s thought-provoking(引人深思的)—especially to today’s Americans.

When we think about what makes the person—it’s more likely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?

We do know that these would make life nicer, if more tolerable. However, we forget or overlook our manners. So , it seems, does everyone else—including, unluckily, our children.

As a university president, one of my great joys is to visit our campuses and see our students, though we’re separated by different generations, interests, and, of course dressing, each student tells me something within the first few minutes that we meet: whether he or she has been taught manners. I sense this in different ways: through her words or her gestures, in the way she listens or how he refers to friends and faculty, how she greets and says goodbye, how he responds when an elderly person enters the room.

In the absence of manners, however, I make some allowances. For instance, the many ethnic(种族的)groups that students represent often have different explanations of what makes up good manners. In other cases, some students may reject what they’ve learned to break from their parents and be accepted by other students. Whether students are being different or openly opposing, a recent experience I had with them tells me that there’s some hope for reviving and good manners.

Good manners don’t just guarantee acceptance. Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society. Good manners are gentle signals that show we care about one another and allow us to relate to another person in a thoughtful way but at a respectable distance.

1.Which of the following is seldom a mark of success to people today?

A. Handsome income.    B. An academic degree.

C. High ranks in the office    D. Polite behavior.

2.What does the underlined part “make some allowances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ?

A. treat the absence of manners differently

B. reject the absence of manners

C. oppose bad manners somehow

D. partly permit being in the absence of manners

3.Which of the following is the benefit by good manners?

A. Good manners makes people thoughtful

B. Good manners help deeper connections with others

C. Good manners guarantee acceptance of ourselves

D. Good manners inspire people to care about one another

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.B

【解析】本文讲述了目前社会上很少把礼貌当作成功的衡量标准，但是良好的礼仪是打开更深的关系和更有意义的角色之门，礼仪非常重要。

1.D

推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When we think about what makes the person—it’s more likely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?”可知，我们说起一个人的成功很可能谈的是学位、工作和薪水，我们什么时候把礼貌当作成功的衡量标准呢？可推知，对今天的成功者来说礼貌的举止是很难成为成功的标志的。故选D.

2.A

词义猜测题。根据本段中的“Whether students are being different or openly opposing”可知，作者涉及了两种学生缺乏礼貌的不同情况，所以作者此处是指区别对待不礼貌的现象。故选A.

3.B

细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society.”可知，在我们社会，良好的礼仪打开更深的关系和更有意义的角色之门。故选B.

【名师点睛】

本文是一篇议论文，论述人们忽视了良好的礼仪的重要性。

其中推理判断题，要在了解短文主旨大意及主要细节分布的基础上，对事实或证据进行分析和评价，并在准确合理分析做出符合作者写作意图的推论或判断。如第1小题，根据文中用了一个问句“when do we count manners as a measure of success?”来暗示人们没有把良好的礼仪作为评价一个人成功的标准，从而得出正确的答案。