You may have heard adults say they are uncomfortable in the morning without a cup of coffee. One reason they may feel that way is that coffee contains caffeine(咖啡因). Caffeine appears naturally in coffee, tea, and cocoa beans, which are used to make chocolate. But now food makers are adding it to many products, from potato chips to water.
The US government is especially worried about the problem. That’s why the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is studying the health effects of caffeine on young people. Studies show that too much caffeine can make people nervous and unable to sleep. What’s more, caffeine is habit-forming. Those who consume it regularly and stop suddenly may experience headaches and feel tired.
One of the biggest concerns is the large amount of caffeine added to so-called energy drinks, like Red Bull. A 12-ounce can of cola has about 35 milligrams of caffeine. A similar serving of Red Bull contains more than three times that amount.
The Institute of Medicine is also working on caffeine-safety measures. “Teenagers should not drink beverages that contain caffeine. They should be aware of caffeine’s effects on health and on how the brain works. Take, for example, teenagers who consume caffeine to stay awake and study for a test. They will remember less of what they just studied,” said Stallings, a member of the institute.
Companies that make products with added caffeine claim they do not advertise them to kids. However, there is no law to stop children from buying them. So the FDA needs to set limits on caffeine, especially in energy drinks. As for added caffeine in foods, the government should just say no. If not, the amount of caffeine should be printed on food labels to remind consumers. The government must do that.
Doctors say kids should avoid caffeine. If you need extra energy, try these natural boosters: eat right, exercise, and get plenty of sleep.
1.What is the US government particularly concerned about?
A. The fact that coffee contains caffeine.
B. The practice of adding caffeine to foods.
C. The measures of avoiding caffeine’s effects.
D. The practice of using caffeine to make chocolate.
2.Red Bull is listed in the third paragraph as an example of _____.
A. caffeine’s effects on health
B. teenagers’ addiction to caffeine
C. drinks which contain much caffeine
D. people’s concern about teenagers’ health
3.Paragraph 5 is mainly about _____.
A. the measures of protecting teenagers from caffeine’s effects
B. the process of the government’s controlling the use of caffeine
C. the government’s responsibility of taking care of teenagers
D. the risk of buying products containing caffeine nowadays
4.The author may agree that _______.
A. headaches and feeling tired are common in teenagers
B. food makers don’t add much caffeine to many products now
C. caffeine is good and useful for teenagers’ study
D. getting enough sleep can make people energetic
Seventy years ago, a group of well-known people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theater in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theater groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theater by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theater, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theater groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
1.What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A. To introduce young theater groups.
B. To honor heroes of World WarⅡ.
C. To attract great artists from Europe.
D. To bring Europe together again.
2.Why did some uninvited theater groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A. They owned a public house there.
B. They wanted to take part in the festival.
C. They thought they were also famous.
D. They came to take up a challenge.
3.Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?
A. Popular writers
B. Artists from around the world.
C. University students.
D. Performers of music and dance.
4.We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival______.
A. keeps growing rapidly
B. has gone beyond an art festival
C. gives shows all year round
D. has become a non-official event
Now many young people are traveling around the world on their own，not because they have no one to travel with，but because they prefer to go alone.
Kristina Wegscheider from California first traveled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life. ＂It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone.＂ Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents.
In foreign countries，with no one to help you read a map，look after you if you get ill，or lend you money if your wallet is stolen，it is challenging. This is what drives young people to travel alone. It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own.
Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year. He set up a website，The Aussie Nomad，to document his adventures. He says he wished he had traveled alone earlier. ＂The people you meet，the places you visit，or the things you do，everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person，＂ said the 30-year-old man.
Richardson describes traveling alone like ＂a shot in the arm＂，which ＂makes you a more confident person that is ready to deal with anything＂. He said，＂The feeling of having overcome something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when I’m dealing with a difficult task. I walk around with my head up because I know deep down inside that nothing is impossible if you try.＂
The great 19th century explorer John Muir once said，＂Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.＂
1.Which of the following will Kristina Wegscheider agree with?
A. It is comfortable to travel around without a friend.
B. It is more meaningful to travel in foreign countries.
C. Traveling alone is a necessary experience for everyone.
D. Traveling abroad helps people to find new things.
2.Traveling alone is challenging because ________.
A. you can only depend on yourself whatever happens
B. it is hard for you to prove yourself to others
C. you have to make things on your own
D. it will finally build your character
3.What can we infer about Chris Richardson?
A. He started traveling alone at an early age.
B. He was once shot in the arm.
C. His website inspires others a lot.
D. He used to work as a salesman.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Travel Abroad B. Travel Light
C. Travel Alone D. Travel Wide and Far
Assistant Professor, Musical Theatre Dance
Wichita State University seeks to hire a full-time, 9-month, assistant professor, beginning August, 2016. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance, teaching experience at the professional or college level, ability to direct and ability to teach stage movement. Salary depends on qualifications and experience.
For complete information see http://finearts.wichita.edu.
Associate/Full Professor in Theatre and Dance
The Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California at San Diego (http://www-theatre.ucsd.edu/) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Significant professional experience is required.
A review of applications will start on June 1, 2016. Application deadline: September 1, 2016.
Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts
DeSales University’s Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month, staff position with the possibility for summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. BA degree or equivalent professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.
Please email materials to john.bell@desales.edu. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.
Assistant Director of Media Resources Center
Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an Assistant Director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.
Position qualifications include a degree in Art History or related field with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal and communication skills and familiarity with Photoshop and scanning.
A review of applications will begin immediately. Applicants may email a letter of interest to jobs@mica.edu. Salary differs depending on your experience. Please include desired salary in your letter of interest.
Application
Interested persons should electronically submit a cover letter highlighting their experience and qualifications, and names of three professional references with phone and email contact information using the Apply Now link above.
1.Wichita State University offers ______.
A. a part time and assistant professor job
B. a job people can work for many years
C. a flexible pay to the future assistant professor
D. work that require people to act on the stage
2.If you are good at communicating with others, you should apply to _____.
A. DeSales University
B. Wichita State University
C. the University of California
D. Maryland Institute College of Art
3.We can probably find the ad in the section of _____.
A. Employment Information B. Information Technology
C. Around the World D. Teen’s Garden
假定你是李华，你们班就“高一新生是否有必要进行为期一周的军训”进行讨论。请你给你校英文报的编辑写一封电子邮件，反映你们的讨论情况。
1.支持者85％，理由…….
2.反对者15％ 理由…….
3.你的看法…….
注意：1.参考词汇 military training军训
2. 词数100左右;
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you something about the discussion on whether it is necessary for senior one students to take the one-week military training.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It has been a long time since I did anything good for the environment. Feeling responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take the action again. I told my idea to my friends and we planned to plant tree on the hill in the countryside. We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place where looked suitably and settled down. We spend a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings. Then we wrote our wishes on cards one to one and buried it deep down the roots of the trees. We also took a lot of pictures. We were such busy that we didn’t realize that it was time to go back. I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.
