Question

Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves areas of the brain that process language. Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading to provide them with early help. John Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area.

They studied in the schools with kindergartens．And for all the children joining in the study, they give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read. So far, fifty of them have been examined in a scanner, a special machine, to show brain activity. Written tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems, while brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems. And with reading problems, early identification is important. When it comes to helping children overcome reading difficulties, the younger the child, the more effective they are.

    Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. Reading is everything. Even math and science have textbooks.

While the children are given tasks related to reading, the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work. The scientists say they are pleased with early results from the study, but have a long way to go.

1. Dyslexia affects the part of brain concerning ________.

A. eyesight          B. intelligence

C. language        D. emotion

2. Dyslexia problems are more likely to be identified through ________.

A. speech contests

B. reading efficiency

C. listening comprehension

D. brain scans

3.According to the passage, which of the followings has the best time to overcome reading difficulties?

A. Tom, a boy in the kindergarten.   

B. Kate, a high school leaver.

C. Jane, a primary school student.  

D. Steve, a man in his thirties.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. An effective way to identity Dyslexia at an early stage.

B. A learning disorder involving one’s intelligence.

C. Dyslexia — a problem affecting one’s reading and writing.

D. A possible solution to the problems related to Dyslexia.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文为一篇说明文。讲述了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。总结指出如果问题能被尽早发现，治疗起来会有更好的效果。

1.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段前四句“Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read.People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write.Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence.The problem involves areas of the brain that process language.”可知排除A、B、D三项，故选C。

2.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work.”可知，这种脑部扫描仪是用来测量孩子阅读时脑部的活动程度的。故选D。

3.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“ And with reading problems，early identification is important.When it comes to...”及第三段前两句“Reading problems are not usually identified...The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help.”可知，在克服孩子诵读困难这个问题上，时间很重要，越早越容易治疗，越晚就越没效果。

4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。并指出如果问题能被尽早发现，治疗起来会有更好的效果。故选C。

【学法指导】

如何归纳文章中心？

要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。27小题C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。并指出如果问题能被尽早发现，治疗起来会有更好的效果。故选C。

考点：考查说明文阅读