Make sure the respondent has enough information
Remember your survey’s purpose
Keep your questions simple
Include only one topic per question
If in doubt, throw it out
Avoid leading questions
Write more effective survey questions
Naturally, no question is “good” in all situations, but there are some general rules to follow. Using these rules and examples will help you write useful questions.
1._______________
All other rules and guidelines are based on this one. There was a reason you decided to spend your time and money to do your survey, and you should ensure that every question you ask supports that reason. If you start to get lost while writing your questions, refer back to this rule.
2._______________
This is another way of stating the first rule, but it is important enough to repeat. A question should never be included in a survey because you can’t think of a good reason to discard it. If you cannot come up with a concrete benefit that will result from the question, don’t use it.
3.________________
Compound sentences force respondents to keep a lot of information in their heads, and are likely to produce unpredictable results. Example: “Imagine a situation where the production supervisor is away from the line, a series of defective parts is being manufactured, and you just heard that a new client requires ten thousand of these parts in order to make their production schedule. How empowered do you feel by your organization to stop the line and make the repairs to the manufacturing equipment?” This question is too complex for a clear, usable answer. Try breaking it down into components parts.
4._______________
How would you interpret the responses to “Please rate your satisfaction with the amount and kind of care you received while in the hospital.” or, a question asking about speed and accuracy? If you want to be able to come up with specific recommended actions, you need specific questions.
5.________________
Asking respondents “How effective has this company’s new distribution program been?” may not be as effective as “Recently, we used a new distribution system. Did you know this?” Followed by “Have you seen any positive benefits resulting from this change?” It can be beneficial to break down questions that require background information into two parts: a screening item describing the situation which asks if the respondent knows about it, and a follow-up question addressing attitudes the respondent has about the topic.
Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the experiment of Frederick in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If there sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed order and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months they can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to five words. At three he knows about 1,000 words, which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy bear”. And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
But speech has to be induced（激发，引起）, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the children’s babbling（咿呀声）,grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s nonverbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
1.The writer mentioned the experiment of Frederick to __________.
A. support his idea B. introduce his topic
C. describe a new finding D. give an example of his theory
2.The purpose of Frederick’s experiment was to __________.
A. prove that children are born with the ability to speak
B. discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
C. find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
D. prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language
3.The reason why some children are backward in speaking is most probably that ________.
A. they are not able to learn language rapidly
B. they are exposed to too much language at once
C. their mothers do not respond enough to their attempts to speak
D. their mothers are not clever enough to help them
4. If a child starts to speak later than others, he will __________ in future.
A. have a high IQ B. be less intelligent
C. be insensitive to verbal signals D. not necessarily be backward
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. A child is born with the ability to speak.
B. A child’s brain has a complex system which helps to connect the sight and feel of an object.
C. A child can produce his own sentences.
D. A child owes his speech ability to good nursing.
6. According to the passage, the writer agrees that__________.
A. the infants will certainly die because of lack of language.
B. all children learn their language in fixed stages
C. the child’s brain is highly selective
D. insensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals will not affect the development of the child’s language
A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the victory of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people. Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.
Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.
Of the many values that hold civilization together --- honesty, kindness, and so on --- accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law --- and, ultimately, no society.
My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.
Fortunately there are still communities --- smaller towns, usually --- where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that declare: “In this family certain things are not tolerated --- they simply are not done!”
Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you annoy him.
The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged (被剥夺基本社会权利的) upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.
I don’t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it..
1.What the wise man said suggests that it’s __________.
A. unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evil
B. certain that evil will be widespread if good men do nothing about it
C. only natural for good men to defeat evil
D. desirable for good men to keep away from evil
2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, ________.
A. society is to be held responsible
B. modern civilization is responsible for it
C. the criminal himself should bear the blame
D. the standards of living should be improved
3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have ________.
A. less self-discipline B. better sense of discipline
C. more respect to each other D. less effective government
4. The writer is sorry to have noticed that ________.
A. people in large cities tend to excuse criminals
B. people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standards.
C. today’s society lacks sympathy for people in difficulty
D. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities
5. The key point of the passage is that ________.
A. stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and families
B. more good examples should be set for people to follow
C. more attention should be paid to people’s behavior
D. more people should accept the value of accountability
B
Art Calendar Walking Tours of the Museum’s collections (fee with admission contribution) are offered daily and on weekends by Museum-trained volunteers. No tours on November 29-December 1 and December 17-31 Weekdays Tuesday through Friday subject to Gallery hours
Weekends Friday evening, Saturday and Sunday tours are chosen from the following topics. Consult Walking Tour Board at Kiosk in the Great Hall for times. American Paintings Impressionists and Their Times American Rooms Islamic Art Chinese Art Japanese Art Egyptian Galleries Old Master Paintings European Rooms Arts of Africa, Oceania and the Americas Highlights of the Museum 20th Century Paintings |
1. Walking tours of the Museum’s collections are offered on __________.
A. November 29. B. December 20
C. December 31 D. December 10
2. What time is the latest Chinese Art Class?
A. 1:45 B. 2:45C. 9:30D. 10:45
3. When is the last Old Master Paintings?
A. Friday 7:00B. Tuesday 9:00
C. Friday 1:00D. Thursday 1:00
4. Which one starts the earliest?
A. Highlights of the Museum B. Egyptian Galleries
C. Chinese Art D. Ancient Mexico and Peru.
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A. B. C. D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
Like many other parts of our lives today, education has become a global enterprise. In microcosm(微观世界), my school is proof of just how global. Monkseaton High School is an ordinary state-funded school of 850 students in the unfashionable part of northeastern England. Over the past seven years it has sent 12 students to American universities --- two of them to Harvard. Monkseaton has, in turn, attracted students from other countries, including Germany and Latvia. Monkseaton now almost routinely receives inquiries from students in Eastern European countries. Obviously, learning English is a big draw, but his pattern of student movement was unheard of five years ago.
The brain drain is a universal phenomenon, and countries that don’t face up to the new reality will be losing some of their most precious resources. The northeast of England is its poorest region, and has experienced a severe loss of highly qualified professionals-to-be. Some of the most able 18-year-olds are going to other parts of Britain, even to other countries. What is happening here is happening to Britain as a whole. Most noticeably, there is a growing trend of British students taking degrees in American universities. This year the number will break the psychological barrier of 1,000 students for the first time.
And what is happening at the secondary-school level is happening to higher education. Wherever they come from, today’s students have a very different perspective on education from their parents. Because of television, the Internet and their travels, these students see the world as a much smaller place than their parents once did. They are more confident in accepting the challenge of moving from one country to another, from one culture to another; in many cases they can even apply to schools over the Internet. Students are also more aware of the overall cost of education and are looking for value for money. Plus, for many, education linked to travel is a better option than education at home.
1. Why does the author say education has become a global enterprise?
A. Monkseaton High School used to be a very unfashionable school in the Northeast England.
B. Monkseaton High School is now one of the state-funded middle schools in England.
C. Monkseaton High School has sent two top students to the Harvard University in U.S.
D. There is now an extensive exchange of students among different countries.
2. What can we infer about northeast England from the passage?
A. It is one of the poorest regions in England.
B. It has experienced a severe loss of professionals.
C. It will face a more serious brain drain in the near future.
D. It is losing its young talents to other parts of the world.
3. According to the passage, students today have different perspective from their parents on the following EXCEPT that _________________.
A. education linked to travel is much better than education at home
B. overall cost of education should be considered against money value
C. moving from one culture to another is a welcomed challenge
D. the Internet is more popular and easier to access in the near future
4. The students today tend to see the world as a much smaller place NOT because __________.
A. they are having more exposure to the television programs
B. they are having easier access to the Internet
C. they are having frequent travels to the other parts of the world
D. they are having better communication with their parents
5. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to __________.
A. tell us the benefit of globalization of education
B. analyze the causes for students’ moving trend in Great Britain
C. criticize the universal phenomenon of brain drain worldwide
D. draw attention to students’ moving from one country to another
Of course, she wasn't really my aunt and, out of fear, I never called her that to her face. I only ____ to her as "My Aunt Fannie" because it always made my father chuckle and my mother look ____ at both of us—at me for being _____ of my elder and at my father for _____ my bad behavior. I ____ both reactions so I grasped every opportunity to work the name into as many conversations as possible.
As a young woman, my mother had worked in the _____ of a large Victorian farmhouse owned by Fannie Cratty and her twin brother, Farnsworth. They represented the ____ of the Cratty line. Neither had married ____ had any living heirs(继承人) and my father once told me in a whisper that it was because they were both too ____ to share their family wealth. During those years my mother helped Aunt Fanny make the best blueberry jam ever ____ by anyone in Glenfield. She was noted for her jam and for never ____ the recipe with anyone else. ____ my mother knew the recipe by heart, as long as Aunt Fannie was alive, she ____ made the jam without Ms. Cratty in our kitchen to direct the process and preserve the secret.
One year, after I had been particularly helpful with the jam process Aunt Fannie gave me a ____ and then made me promise that I would never spend it. " ____ this quarter," she said, "and some day you will be rich. I still have my very first quarter given by my grandfather." It had obviously ____ for her. So I followed her advice.
I now have the blueberry jam recipe and the quarter from Aunt Fannie. In people's eye Aunt Fannie's ____ was attributed to that secret recipe. But to me, it was just a ____ recipe. However, I keep them as ____ to hold firmly the valuable things in life. Money can make you feel rich for a while, but it is the relationships and the memories of time spent with friends and family that truly leave you wealthy. And that is a ____ that anyone can build.
1. A. called B. thought C. regarded D. referred
2.A. coldly B. severely C. delightedly D. politely
3.A. disappointed B. disagreeable C. disrespectful D. dissatisfied
4.A. encouraging B. scolding C. forcing D. pushing
5.A. hated B. respected C. treated D. enjoyed
6.A. barn B. kitchen C. yard D. garden
7.A. beginning B. start C. end D. glory
8.A. nor B. and C. but D. yet
9.A. proud B. generous C. strict D. mean
10.A. seen B. tasted C. cooked D. sold
11.A. sharing B. telling C. selling D. giving
12.A. As though B. As if C. Even though D. Even if
13. A. ever B. never C. still D. yet
14. A. quarter B. bill C. note D. cheque
15. A. Hold back B. Hold up C. Hold onto D. Hold out
16.A. mattered B. failed C .succeeded D. worked
17. A. sorrow B. success C. schedule D. signature
18.A. usual B. normal C. ordinary D. common
19. A. regulations B. reflections C. reminders D. rewards
20. A. future B. fortune C. fantasy D. favor
