As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without many living things.
Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms (生物体) to be affected are either plants or plankton (浮游生物). These organisms are the food of fish, birds, and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the sea shore that people realize what is happening.
Where do the substances which pollute water come from? There are two main sources, sewage(污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent (洗涤剂)is used in homes, more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds by breaking down the natural substances which keep their feathers waterproof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous materials in it, such as copper and lead.
So if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple. Sewage and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water reservoirs. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.
1.Pollution in water is noticed ________.
A. when the first organisms are affected
B. when many fish and birds die
C. when poisons are poured into water
D. As soon as the balance of nature is destroyed
2.Living things die in a lake or river because there is no ________.
A. water B. fish C. Poison D. oxygen
3.The underlined word “waterproof” in the third paragraph means “ ”.
A. full of water B. not allowing water to go through
C. covered with water D. cleaned by water
4.Which of the following things is /are harmful according to the passage？
A. Industrial waste and chemicals B. Water in the river
C. Coal and wood D. plastic
Lilian Hanson, a college student, expects to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs Hanson different from her classmates is her age — 73 years. She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.
When Lilian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for further education. The banker gave her no encouragement. He didn’t think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. He thought she should be at home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Lilian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college.
Mrs Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown, she tried again. She finds the hardest part of going back to school at her age is the sitting in class for long periods of time. Because she is not as flexible（易适应的） as she used to be, Mrs Hanson often gets up and walks around between classes to keep from getting stiff（僵硬）. At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood and gave her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her aims were.
1.The difference between Lilian and her classmates is that .
A. she works harder at her lessons
B. she is eager to graduate from college
C. she is much older
D. she is a country girl
2.Lilian wasn’t able to go to college after graduation from high school because ________.
A. she wanted to teach herself B. she got married
C. she had to look after her children D. she hadn’t enough money
3.The writer wrote the passage in order to show us that ________.
A. a friend in need is a friend indeed
B. one is never too old to learn
C. knowledge is power
D. education is of great importance
4.Lilian could get a higher education when she was old because ________.
A. she borrowed money from the bank
B. her husband and children helped her
C. her classmates encouraged her to get it
D. the reason isn’t mentioned in the passage
Don’t drive your kids to school. Let them ride a bike to school.
In England 8.3 million children travel to school every day. It is reported that only a small number of pupils cycle to school (under 2%), although one in three children would actually like to.
Experts say that to stay healthy, children need at least one hour of moderate (适度的) exercise every day. But only six out of ten boys and four out of ten girls get that. One of the reasons is that parents have developed a habit of driving their children to school when they could just walk or ride a bike to school.
Teachers often say that children who walk or ride a bike to school are more ready to listen to their classes, ask and answer questions in class than those driven by car, and the school journey is a good chance for children to learn about road safety and other life skills. Also, for many children, riding a bike is more fun than going to school by car.
Most parents know the benefits (益处). Then what’s stopping them from letting their kids ride a bike? Safety is the number one worry for them. But actually riding a bike is not as dangerous as parents think it is.
When you decide to buy a bike, you should be aware（意识到） that a bike that is too big or too small is dangerous. Don’t try to get a bike that your child will “grow into”. Get the right size in good working order. Generally, 20-inch wheels are on bikes for 5-8 year olds; 24-inch wheels are for 9-11 year olds; 26-inch wheels are suitable for those over 11, and some older children should even take bikes with 28-inch wheels, but the main thing is that the bike fits your child.
1.This passage is mainly written for ________.
A. teachers whose students have asked their parents to drive them to school
B. children who have asked their parents to drive them to school
C. parents who drive their children to school
D. parents who drive to work
2.Which of the following benefits of cycling to school is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. It will help children keep healthy
B. It will make children more active in class.
C. It will make children feel freer
D. It will be more fun for children.
3.Parents don’t allow their children to ride a bike to school mainly because ________.
A. their children don’t want to.
B. they are worried about their children’s safety.
C. they don’t know what size bike to choose
D. They haven’t enough money to buy a bike.
4.Generally, what size bike is suitable for a 10-year-old child？
A. A bike with 20-inch wheels B. A bike with 24-inch wheels
C. A bike with 26-inch D. A bike with 28-inch wheels
Mother stayed at home cooking and cleaning while Father left for work. Two or more children took the bus to school. In the evening, all the family members got together at home again. This is what a traditional family was like twenty years ago. But now great changes have happened in British families.
As many as 2 out of 3 marriages now end in divorce(离婚), and many children have to live with one parent and only see the other at weekends or during holidays.
There has been a great increase in the number of working women with children. Many women have to work to support themselves and their children. Even in the family where there is no divorce, both parents have to work in order to survive.
Also women are no longer happy to stay at home taking care of children. Many of them have jobs and some of them can even make more money than men, the traditional breadwinners.
What’s more, the increasing number of single-parent families have caused an increase in the crime rate (犯罪率) among children in a way. It is thought that if a child doesn’t have a father, he or she will be harmed.
However the changes may be good for some people. For women it’s now much easier to have well-paid jobs. Although it is difficult to be a working mother, it is no longer seen as a bad thing for children.
As for some children, they learn how to solve problems by themselves at an early age.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE about a traditional family in Britain twenty years ago?
A. Both the mother and the father had to work to support the family.
B. The father stayed at home taking care of the children.
C. The mother didn’t need to work.
D. A family had only one child.
2.Which of the following things is NOT mentioned in the passage ?
A. The increasing number of divorces.
B. The increasing number of fathers who stay at home.
C. The increasing number of working mothers.
D. The increasing crime rate among children.
3.According to the passage, a “breadwinner” refers to a person who ________.
A. has got some bread B. is good at making bread
C. stays at home raising children D. works to support the family
4.From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. In a family where the parents are not divorced in Britain，the mother doesn’t have to work.
B. Children whose parents are divorced have to start working early.
C. The father is very important to a child’s growth.
D. The changes in British families do no good to people.
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Growing up is not always easy. When facing difficulties, courage and a spirit of independence can be more useful than crying for !That’s what Hong Zhanhui’s story of __ from boy to man with family hardships ( 艰难)tell us.
Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County, Henan Province. When he was 11, his father became mentally（心理上） ill and one day came back with an abandoned ( 被抛弃的)baby girl. A year later, Hong‘s mother and younger brother both home because of poverty ( 贫困)and pressure ( 压力)from his ill father.
The burden ( 负担)fell onto the 12-year-old’s shoulders: to treat his father’s illness, to the adopted ( 领养的)sister Chenchen, and to go on to study.
Hong didn’t . Since a young age, he has worked in part-time jobs to feed his family. At the same time, he has studied at college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to a room near his campus for her, and send her to school.
After Hong’s story went public, people were to tears by his selflessness. Hard his life was, Hong didn’t abandon his father and the adopted , because they needed his help. With his hard –won money, he even helped other students against misfortunes ( 厄运).
Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Hong’s deeds us of what we usually ignore（忽略）: love and care for others. Without these, of us could survive.
Hong donations ( 捐献) from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could his own work. Short of money to buy food, the boy climbed tall trees to get birds’ eggs for his baby sister. He walked two hours at weekends to buy different things to around his school to earn money. Through his hard life, the boy developed to rise above misfortune that made him a hero in people’s eyes.
Hong’s story shows that with love and willpower, no hardship can a person but himself. So when facing difficulties, don’t ___ about bad luck. Consider what more you could do for your family and society you will find the world smiling back.
1.A. money B. food C. clothes D. help
2.A. caring B. growing C. moving D. turning
3.A. only B. already C. ever D. still
4.A. stayed B. went C. sold D. left
5.A. bring up B. give up C. stick to D. devote to
6.A. go away B. give up C. run out D. turn down
7.A build B. rent C. buy D. borrow
8.A. encouraged B. moved C. inspired D. made
9.A. as B because C. unless. D. while
10.A. brother B. daughter C. sister D. uncle
11.A. struggling B. learning C. running D. turning
12.A. leave B. remember C. remind D. tell
13.A. anyone B. everyone C. none D. no one
14.A. threw away B. turned out C. ran out D. turned down
15.A. depend on B. stick to C . refer to D. turn to
16.A. show B. eat C. sell D. share
17.A. a chance B. an ability C. a spirit D. a belief
18.A. bury B. defeat C. kick D. knock
19.A. worry B. care C. complain D. joke
20.A. and B. or C. when D. Until
Start out right away, _____ you’ll miss the first train.
A．and B．but C．or D．while
