Anyone who is addicted to reading bus tickets or cereal packets will understand the appeal of poems on the underground. Some years ago，a few acquaintances who lived and worked in London，who used the Tube and loved poetry，decided that it would be pleasant to read a few lines by their favorite poets as they traveled around by Tube，instead of just glancing upwards at the tiresome advertisements. The underground had a surplus (剩余的) of advertising space on the trains. They suggested filling the blank space on the trains，for the entertainment of the traveling public.
The poems took on a new life when they were removed from books and placed alongside the adverts. Commuters enjoyed the idea of reading Keats. “Much have I traveled in the realms of gold” on a crowded Central Line train，or trying to learn by heart a sonnet between Hammersmith and Piccadilly. The choice of poems wasn’t arbitrary (随机的) but specially chosen. It catered for (符合) all tastes including living and dead poems from the homeland and from all over the English speaking world，and especially poems which have association with London.
The success of the poems on the underground enterprises confirmed that Britain was a nation of poetry lovers. Hundreds of people corresponded with London Underground suggesting poems，or just to say thank you. In January 1989，on the third anniversary after the first poems on the Underground，London Underground promised to donate all the spaces free，to increase the number available (at least one poem in each train carriage)，and to pay for the production costs as well. They also update the poems every few months. Posters of the poems decorated the British Council libraries throughout the world，but the best way to view the poems is to see them by yourselves，on whichever train you choose，in every zone of the network－for the price of an underground ticket.
1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Shelly and Keat’s Poems B. The Poems on the Underground
C. Travelling on the Tube in London D. The Poems about London
2.The poems were________.
A. removed from books and placed in empty advertising spaces
B. taken from throughout the English speaking world and chosen to please everyone
C. including poems about London by Shelly，Burns，Keats and by the commuters themselves
D. meant to be read aloud and learnt by heart
3.Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “association”？
A. connection. B. difference.
C. similarity. D. comparison.
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage above?
A. People who like reading bus tickets advocate poems on the underground.
B. Spaces which were used for advertisements are now completely occupied by poems on the tube.
C. You can appreciate the poems you like at the cost of only a tube ticket in London.
D. The success of the poems on the underground indicates people’s love for the tube of London.
If you've ever been to a social gathering, you might feel awkward and uncomfortable. While social gatherings can be very enjoyable, especially when you are surrounded by people whose company you enjoy, there are social events that you sometimes find yourself wishing you were someplace else. Such occasions can sometimes be the cause of much anxiety and self-consciousness. You may even feel like everyone else is having a good time except for you. Yet the truth is that everyone has felt shy and awkward on occasion. One of the best ways to overcome self-consciousness or get past your feelings of shyness at social gatherings is to focus on the people around you. If you can remember that other people might also be feeling awkward or shy, you might find the thought of speaking to them less overwhelming.
The next time there is a social event you feel nervous about attending, you may want to try this exercise: Spend some time with your eyes closed and breathe deeply. When you feel ready, create your own zone of comfort by visualizing yourself surrounded in a warm white light that is protective yet accepting of others. Imagine people at the event being drawn to you because of the open and warm feelings that you are showing. When you arrive at the event, take a moment to spread this same light of loving acceptance to everyone around you.
Smile and greet people warmly. Try going up to someone who is standing alone and introduce yourself. When you show acceptance and openness, people can't help but respond to you in kind.
Focusing on how we can make other people at a social gathering feel at ease can help us forget about our own insecurities. The next time you attend a social gathering, invite people to join you in your zone of comfort that you have so lovingly and intentionally created. Let yourself enjoy being encircled in the warmth of their friendships.
1.In the author's opinion, people feel awkward at a social gathering because
A. the atmosphere is unpleasant B. they don't like the people there
C. they are too proud to talk with others D. they may feel they are different from others
2.The underlined word "visualizing" in Paragraph 2 probably means
A. introducing B. persuading
C. imagining D. forcing
3.If you feel uncomfortable about attending a social event, the author advises you to _.
A. invite some friends B. arrive ahead of time
C. talk with others nonstop D. be open and warm to others
4.What is the text mainly about?
A. How to make a good impression on others. B. How to feel at ease at a social gathering.
C. How to prepare for a social gathering. D. How to make friends with others.
请阅读下面短文。并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
The national box office set a record in 2017, almost 56 billion yuan, up 13 percent from 2016. Last year, there were 92 films whose revenue（收入）exceeded 100 million yuan each including 51 Chinese films. About 1.62 billion tickets were bought, up 18 percent year-on-year. In 2017, the Chinese film industry produced 798 dramas, 32 animation films and 44 documentaries in all. Fifteen films earned more than 1 billion yuan each at the box office, up from nine in 2016.
In the coming days, records will likely be broken and history will be made as China’s film industry appears to be on the turning point of a new era, industry insiders said. This year, the number of new film releases, box-office earnings, and even stock-market performance of shares listed entertainment companies and expected to be higher, they said.
Filmgoers’ reviews have had an increasingly significant impact on the box office more than other factors such as the participation of pop celebrities in pre-release promotions, a media professor said. Also, viewers are no longer getting influenced by big names alone. They don’t care whether the film is Chinese, Hollywood, European, or Indian, as long as it has substance（内容）. Even a low-budget film with little-known cast and crew could emerge as a hit, industry observers said.
（写作内容）
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容：
2. 分析此现象产生的原因（不少于两点）。
3. 谈谈你的看法。
（写作要求）
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句：
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称：
3. 不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
I love indoor plants; I really do—but you would never know it by looking at my track record with them. I am always killing succulents.
I decided to consult an expert on the matter .I’ve grown tired of killing plants. It shouldn’t be rocket science, but maybe, to some, it is.
As it tums out, succulents are not as low-maintenance as they’re often marketed to seem, but they’re not impossible to care for, either. Here’s what I’ve learned after asking a garden shop staff a thousand and one questions.
HOW TO AVOID KILLING YOUR SUCCULENTS
1. Use loose “cactus（仙人掌）” soil.
Succulents need to drain well. They won’t survive in sand or rock, and some other soils hold too much moisture. You can purchase cactus potting soil from your local garden shop. Stick with that stuff.
2. Expose it to reasonable sun, shade, and temperatures
All plants need sunshine (remember photosynthesis（光合作用）, just varying levels of it. Succulents are flexible, but they won’t do well in darkness or in sweltering direct sun. Moving the succulent in and out of reasonable levels of sunlight will help it thrive.
3. Don’t over-water.
As a rookie like me, a person lacking in experience, this was definitely one of my mistakes-too much TLC (Tender Love Caring). The problem is, no one can really tell you how often to water your succulent; you have to monitor it yourself. Depending on your climate, the soil will dry out at varying speeds. Water only when the soil has completely dried from the previous watering. Succulents won’t quickly die for lack of water, but they do need it. Allowing the water to drain completely through the soil is the best way to avoid root rot. Otherwise, a misting bottle can be helpful to regulate water quantities.
4. “Plant food” is not a joke.
I used to think that “plant food” was just a marketing ploy（营销手段）. It’s not. Since these plants aren’t growing in their natural habitats, they can’t absorb the nutrients (e. g, calcium) that they naturally need. Cactus/succulent food is cheap and will last a long time; you only need one drop for every gallon of water.
5. Give them air circulation.
Contrary to popular belief, succulents won't thrive in a closed container (like a terrarium with a lid). They need air.
6. They need room to grow.
Little succulents are cute and cheap, but they’ll stay that size unless you occasionally repot them. Some succulents can grow to be over ten feet tall, while others will comfortably grow within a foot or two. Occasionally repotting them might mean re-creating a pretty arrangement, but it will help the plants live longer.
Unless the dirt is already damp, give the succulents some water before repotting. The new potting soil will be pretty dry, so the extra water will spread out.
Best of lucky, everyone! May you have a beautiful windowsill with succulents that thrive!
Title | How to Avoid Killing Your Succulents |
Introduction | 1. succulents shouldn’t be rocket science, but I 2. to kill these indoor plants. |
3. to succulent success | Succulent soil has to be able to support the plant physically, hold a little moisture yet 4. perfectly extra water. 5. to sunlight at a reasonable level, succulents grow in a better way. Rookies, who are 6., must remember: Don’t water until the soil has completely dried from the previous watering. Succulents need to be fertilized but in small 7.. That air 8. is required for indoor succulents. 9. can contribute to the healthy growth of succulents. |
May you have a beautiful windowsill decorated with succulents 10. well. |
名著翻译
1.It was Plato who said that his definition of thinking was “the soul talking to itself”.
2.Competition, if confronted enthusiastically, can be the greatest self-motivating experience in the world.
3.Helen Keller didn’t complain about not being given enough money from the government to compensate her for her disability.
4.The secret to a happy life is a sound mind in a sound body.
5.A vision should be judged by these criteria, the criteria of power and effectiveness.
Until recently, scientists and authors were in absolute disagreement over the point of crying. In King Henry VI, Shakespeare wrote,”…, to weep is to make less the depth of grief”, and the American writer Lemony Snicket said “unless you have been very, very lucky, you know that a good, long session of weeping can often make you feel better, even if your circumstances have not changed one bit”.
Charles Darwin, on the other hand, thought that shedding tears (the act of crying) was merely a useless side effect of the way that the muscles around the eye worked. For him, those muscles had to contract（收缩）from time to time so that they didn’t overflow with blood; the expulsion of tears was simply an unintended consequence of that evolved physiological（生理学的）process. He did acknowledge that crying could help young infants attract the attention of their parents, though.
We now know that crying—at least, the sort that adults do—is a complex physiological response to some kind of emotional stimulus. The most noticeable feature is of course the shedding of tears, but it also includes changes in facial expressions and breathing patterns.
From a scientific perspective, crying is different from shedding the kind of tears like when you accidentally rub your eyes after eating spicy foods. Even the tears themselves are different. In 1981, Minnesota psychiatrist William H Frey II discovered that tears flowing due to sad movies had more protein in them than those that flowed in response to some freshly chopped onions.
If you shed tears of laughter when seeing a funny comedy show or you're moved to tears when listening to a bridegroom’s wedding vows to his bride, you may know that emotional tears aren't limited to feelings of deep sadness. While all of us are familiar with the feelings that are associated with crying, whether for joy or sorrow, we know little about why we do it as adults-but there are plenty of ideas.
One idea is that adult crying isn't actually all that different from the sort that babies do, at least when it comes to its social nature. In other words, perhaps weeping is a literal cry for attention, a means of soliciting support and help from our friends when we need it the most. It’s a way of communicating our inner emotional state at a time when we may not be able to express it clearly.
While this may explain some forms of crying, many researchers have found that adults often cry when they’re completely alone. Another possibility is that crying might serve as a means of “secondary appraisal,” helping people to realize just how upset they are, a way of just how upset they are and helping them understand their own feelings.
Another idea is that crying provides relief from stressful situations. The idea is consistent not only with the words of Shakespeare, but also with the words of Roman Poet Ovid, who wrote, “It is some relief to weep; grief is satisfied and carried off by tears.” The Greek Philosopher Aristotle also wrote that crying “cleanses the mind”. In a 1986 study of popular US magazines and newspapers, one psychologist found that 94% of articles about crying suggested that it helped to relieve psychological tension.
Indeed, a 2008 study of nearly 4,300 young adults from 30 countries found that most reported improvements in both their mental and physical well-being after a short period of crying, but not all. Some reported no change after a crying session, and some even said that they felt worse afterwards.
The difference seems to lie in the social context: if a person felt embarrassed about crying in public, for example, they might feel less resolved than if they cried alone or with a friend. The study also found that when people tried to suppress or hide their crying, they ended up feeling less relieved afterwards.
So the notion of having “a good cry” is not without merit. In the end, adults might just cry for the same reason as human infants: to seek help from their friends and family.
1.According to Darwin, shedding tears was ________.
A. the same thing as crying
B. aimed at attracting other’s attention
C. nothing but a physiological process
D. an effective way to get rid of negative emotions
2.What can we learn from the passage about crying?
A. It can benefit people’s eye muscles.
B. It is a response to the stimulus to eyes.
C. It is usually caused by painful emotions.
D. It can cause changes in people's outward features.
3.The underlined word “soliciting” in Paragraph 6 can be best replaced by “________”.
A. refusing B. seeking
C. providing D. receiving
4.Who doesn’t share the same idea with Shakespeare about crying?
A. Lemony Snicket. B. Ovid.
C. Aristotle. D. Charles Darwin.
5.What is the best title of the passage?
A. Why do people cry B. Experiments on crying
C. Different types of crying D. Is having a cry good for us
