Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned with their own appearance and actions too much. Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?
It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives.
Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need faith that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior（自卑）.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good, I know it's not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.
Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self respect. It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life.
1.The first paragraph is mainly about______.
A. the cause of shyness B. the effect of shyness on people
C. the feelings of shy people D. the questions in the minds of shy people
2.According to the writer, self-awareness is______.
A. harmful to people B. a weak point of shy people
C. the cause of unhappiness D. a good characteristic
3.What is the shy people's reaction to praise?
A. They are pleased by it. B. They feel it is not true.
C. They are very sensitive to it. D. They feel they are worthy of it.
4.We can learn from the passage that shyness can ______.
A. block our chances for a successful life
B. help us to live up to our full development
C. enable us to understand ourselves better
D. have nothing to do with lack of self respect
Until recently, scientists had mapped only about 20 percent of the sea floor. But our knowledge of the deep seas is changing because of information from satellites. Scientists have produced a new map that provides a detailed picture of the oceans. The map is expected to help oceanographers (海洋学家), industry and governments.
The new map is twice as detailed as the map made 20 years ago. David Sandwell is a geophysics professor at the University of California. He and other scientists worked on the mapping project. He says they turned to space to look deeper into the ocean.
The scientists collected and studied information from two satellites. Some of the data came from the European Space Agency’s Cryo-2 satellite. It was placed in Earth's orbit to watch sea ice. The other satellite is the American space agency's Jason-1. It is studying the surface of the oceans. Scientists combined the satellite data with images gathered by sonar (声波定位仪) equipment on ships. Sonar works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed.
The new map shows the sea floor as it has never been seen before. It shows thousands of underwater mountains and places where continents pulled apart. It shows where earthquakes were active many years ago. They all are buried deep underneath the ocean floor.
David Sandwell says the map is a powerful tool for fisheries, those interested in protecting the environment and for oil exploration.
“The petrol exploration industry is interested in how to reconnect the continents, bring them back together tectonically so you can map the basins （盆地）on one continental edge—say, Africa—and use that to establish where the similar basin would be on the other continental edge in South America.”
If scientists know that information, they may be able to find oil fields. The new data also will help scientists improve their estimates of ocean depths. This information can help ships travel safely and improve military operations and scientific projects worldwide.
Mr. Sandwell thinks scientists will make many more discoveries as they examine the new map and the information it provides.
1.Which one is not mentioned about the benefits brought by the new map?
A. Fisheries. B. Scientific projects.
C. Ship manufacture. D. Oil exploration.
2.What can we know about the new map?
A. It shows where earthquakes will happen.
B. It will be helpful to industry and governments.
C. It is three times as detailed as the old one years ago.
D. It is based on the data gathered by the spaceships.
3.The text is likely to appear in _________.
A. a sicence fiction B. an advertisement
C. a science magazine D. a finance report
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. The detailed picture of the oceans
B. Underwater mountains and places
C. More discoveries about the oceans
D. Scientists create new maps of ocean floor
Jealousy is such a powerful emotion that at least one study has characterized it as the third leading cause of non-accidental homicide(杀人) in all cultures. In a recently published study, researchers experimented with dogs to see whether they, like humans, have the nature of jealousy.
In an experiment, the authors took 36 dogs---along with their owners---and observed the dogs’ behavior as their masters interacted with three non-living objects. One object was a children’s book, which they read aloud; another object was a plastic pumpkin lantern; and the third was a mechanical stuffed dog that gave out a bark when the owner pressed a button.
Former studies concluded that babies were probably capable of jealousy. In the experiment, their mothers showed attention to a life-like doll instead of their child, and other objects. The babies were reportedly more likely to respond with “negative” behavior if their mother turned to pay her attention to the doll.
In the dog experiment, authors instructed the dog owners to push the bark button on the stuffed dog’s head, and then speak to it sweetly, while ignoring their own dog. After that, they showed attention to the pumpkin lantern, and read the children’s book, while also ignoring their dog.
It is interesting to see the dogs were far more likely to act aggressively when their owners spoke to the stuffed dog than when they paid attention to the other objects. One-fourth of the dogs snapped at the stuffed dog, while only one dog snapped at the lantern or the book. The dogs were also more likely to push or touch their owners as they interacted with the mechanical dogs, and tried to get in between the owner and the stuffed dog more frequently than the other objects.
“One possibility is that jealousy developed in species of many young relying on the parents, the young compete for parental resources such as food, attention, care, and affection,” the authors wrote.
1.Why does the author include the experiment with babies in the passage?
A. To tell us that the babies are also jealousy.
B. To show that the experiment was scientific.
C. To draw the conclusion through comparison.
D. To show us that the babies are very clever.
2.What behavior probably shows that the babies have the emotion of jealousy?
A. Smiling at the doll.
B. Struggling and crying.
C. Always keeping quiet
D. Appearing scared
3.How did most of the dogs react when the owners interacted with the mechanical dog?
A. They pushed or touched the owners.
B. They snapped at the mechanical dog.
C. They disturbed the owners and the mechanical dog.
D. They acted aggressively to their owners.
4.What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Development of jealousy in species
B. Jealousy leads to terrible results
C. Analysis of jealousy in species
D. Research proves dogs’ jealousy
During the course of a lifetime, we all make mistakes. And often we take for granted what we have, thinking that we ____ what we already have, or believing that we will never need anyone to ____ us out from difficult and ____ times.
Such was the ____ of Cecilia. Cecilia had a great job, a nice house and everything she needed. ____, she was not a kind person for several reasons that became ____ once you got to know her. The first thing was her lack of ____ for others who were not as fortunate as she was. She would not help anyone, ____ would she even begin to express any sympathy for anyone’s troubles. Her ____ was that they were just too lazy.
But, then came the catastrophic day. Her husband got into financial difficulty, to the point ____ he was forced to declare bankruptcy(破产). She found that she was the one who ____ nothing.
Now she was ____ for help. She also found out that her parents were unwilling to help her but, ____ for her, his family was willing and able to help them through these difficult times despite the ____ that she had deliberately kept them out of her life. ____ Cecilia was assisted through challenging times, once ____, she changed to her true self.
But this is not the main point of the story. We all need help ____ along life’s path whether we think we will or not. And, if you are the one ____ help, just remember this: no matter what ___ later, you will always be ____ in the fact that you have remained strong and true to assist those that need your help.
1.A. realize B. treasure C. deserve D. manage
2.A. help B. protect C. keep D. assume
3.A. inspiring B. challenging C. pleasing D. moving
4.A. character B. attitude C. case D. experience
5.A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Normally D. However
6.A. obvious B. familiar C. unclear D. uncertain
7.A. affection B. sympathy C. confidence D. caution
8.A. so B. and C. or D. nor
9.A. plan B. view C. promise D. advice
10.A. when B. that C. where D. what
11.A. learned B. shared C. knew D. had
12.A. desperate B. enthusiastic C. considerate D. fearful
13.A. unluckily B. fortunately C. sadly D. naturally
14.A. section B. reason C. fact D. difficulty
15.A. Now that B. Even though C. As long as D. In case
16.A. up B. away C. over D. apart
17.A. somewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
18.A. refusing B. receiving C. owing D. giving
19.A. happens B. comes C. develops D. forms
20.A. involved B. anxious C. absorbed D. secure
—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you _______,in case he comes late for the meeting.
A. will B. must C. may D. can
—May I ask a question after class, Sir?
—______, but not during my lunch break.
A. I am sorry B. Anytime
C. Certainly D. Go ahead
