阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lot of films have tried to describe the afterlife and our memories of family members who have passed away. 1. few have done this as well as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animated film.
2.(inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Dia de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, the film tells the story of a young boy named Miguel who wants his family to understand his love of music. On that year’s Dia de los Muertos, he 3.(accident) ends up in the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 4. unforgettable and adventurous night.
Family is a5.(center) concept in Mexican culture. On Dia de los Muertos, people in Mexico honor their ancestors by putting their photos up on a family shrine(神龛), 6. is shown in the film, and share food and drinks 7.(keep) the spirits of their family members alive.
“In an era when young people8.(attract) by celebrities so easily, Coco reveals the 9.(empty) of such adulation (谄媚), teaching kids to preserve and respect the memory of their elders while reminding them10. the fact that the source of true creativity is so often personal,” reporter Peter Debruge wrote for Variety.
It was my first year of graduate school and my professor was standing on the platform. He was telling us about a ________he made years ago.
About a decade earlier, my professor had been a sales manager at a large company. They were ________a national campaign and preparing for a major brand launch. My professor was________the operation.
For almost two months before the launch day, he was ________all over the country to talk with major partners.________crossing the country on flights, he was also trying to ________his department. For weeks he would have meetings all day, answer________and phone calls all night, and________three or four hours of sleep.
The week before the big launch day, his body________. He had to be rushed to the hospital. Major organs had started to________from the long-term stress. He spent the next eight days in hospital, ________to do anything as the launch day came and went.
Imagine that your ________and energy are a bucket of water. In your daily life, there are things that ________your bucket up. These are inputs like sleep, nutrition, laughter, and other forms of ________. There are also forces that drain(使排出) the water from your bucket. These are________like stress from work or school, relationship problems, or other forms of anxiety.
The forces that drain your bucket aren’t all ________. To live a productive life, it can be important to have some things________out of your bucket. Working hard in the gym, at school, or at the office allows you to produce something ________. But positive outputs are still outputs and they drain your energy ________. These outputs are gradual. Even a little leak can result in significant water loss________ time.
1.A. prediction B. decision C. fortune D. mistake
2.A. at the end of B. in the middle of C. at the mercy of D. on the way to
3.A. sponsoring B. leading C. assisting D. adopting
4.A. researching B. driving C. flying D. inspecting
5.A. Before B. Though C. While D. Since
6.A. run B. promote C. expand D. observe
7.A. emails B. charges C. problems D. doors
8.A. pull in B. squeeze in C. take in D. bring in
9.A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away
10.A. disappear B. suffer C. function D. fail
11.A. ready B. unwilling C. eager D. unable
12.A. health B. status C. success D. reputation
13.A. break B. pack C. fill D. cover
14.A. rest B. recovery C. entertainment D. accommodation
15.A. restrictions B. consequences C. examples D. outputs
16.A. uncontrollable B. unpredictable C. uncomfortable D. unfavorable
17.A. flowing B. slipping C. escaping D. growing
18.A. typical B. valuable C. casual D. exotic
19.A. suddenly B. surprisingly C. partly D. thoroughly
20.A. over B. beyond C. after D. before
Listening to happy music at work can help you complete tasks more quickly, especially if you’re doing something repetitive such as checking e-mail or filing documents. 1.. Cornell University researchers also found that upbeat tunes help workers cooperate and make group decisions that contribute to the good of the team.
Music decreases levels of the stress hormone cortisol just as well as massage therapy does, according to a small 2010 study. Scientists randomly assigned anxious patients to listen to music either during massage therapy or while lying in a dim room.2..
3.. After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies published in the Lancet in 2015 confirmed that listening to music before, during, or after surgery improves anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.
People come up with more creative solutions when they listen to happy, upbeat music than when they sit in silence, according to researchers from the Netherlands and Australia. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility or because it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. 4.; research also has found that moderate(适度的) volume provides the creativity sweet spot.
Whether you’re running, biking, or walking, you’ll go farther if you pump up the jams, studies have found. 5.. The effect is so great that the author of a 2012 review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-enhancing drug.”
Maybe you’ve heard about Alzheimer’s patients coming alive when they hear a song from their past. Studies show that music helps them retrieve memories, communicate more effectively, and remember who they are.
A. After three months those who just listened to music experienced the same drop in anxiety as those also got massages
B. One study showed that the accuracy and efficiency of surgeons improved when they worked with the music of their choice in the background
C. Music has been used to heal for centuries, and now we’re learning why it works
D. Music distracts you from your discomfort and motivates you to stay with the beat
E. But don’t play the music too loudly
F. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety and limit the need for sedatives(镇静剂)
G. Time does fly when you’re listening to music
Alison Malmon was completing the end of her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania, US, when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from mental illness.
Influenced by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to enable students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that today’s young people face. “What you hear often is just a need to be perfect,” said Malmon, “and a need to present oneself as perfect.”
And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today’s society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called “socially-prescribed (社会定向型的) perfectionism” increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.
Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today’s young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn’t the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, meaning young people can’t avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new norms (准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized testing and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.
For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their “achievement anxieties” onto their kids through “excessive (过多的) involvement in their child’s routines, activities or emotions.”
Those in the mental health community like Malmon say they’re concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. “Mental health has truly become this generation’s social justice issue,” she said. “It’s our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it’s not their fault.”
1.What is the article mainly about?
A. The effects of the culture of perfectionism.
B. Research into the trend of perfectionism.
C. A group dedicated to helping people stay mentally healthy.
D. Various pressures that today’s young people are facing.
2.What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?
A. Her brother’s mental illness.
B. Her project during the freshman year.
C. The pressure she had experienced.
D. Her strong interest in mental health.
3.What may be pushing today’s young people to struggle to be perfect, according to the article?
a. The impact of social media.
b. Parents’ high expectations of their children.
c. The decreasing number of college students.
d. The fierce competition in society.
e. Their desire to draw their parents’ attention.
A. a, b, c B. a, d, e
C. a, b, d D. b, c, e
4.What does Malmon think is a way to help young people manage the pressure of perfectionism?
A. Enabling them to know what is to blame for their pressure.
B. Lowering their expectations of themselves.
C. Reducing parents’ involvement in their children’s life.
D. Making them aware of what true social justice is.
Differences in land usage, building height, tree cover, rooftop color, and even how orderly the streets are all have an effect on temperature. Taken together, these factors can result in hyper-localized differences in the heat felt throughout a city, which in turn can have a big effect on who's most threatened by heatwaves. That is why citizen scientists are starting to map the urban heat island effect.
Later this month, a team of researchers and about 20 volunteers will spread out across Washington D.C. and Baltimore to take the cities’ temperatures. Equipped with instruments that record temperature data every second, they’ll drive or bike the same route three times to create a snapshot(快照) of how temperatures vary throughout the day. Those snapshots will then be collected to produce detailed maps of heat differences.
“If similar research conducted in Richmond, Virginia last July is any guide, those differences can be quite large. Temperatures in more industrial parts of Richmond reached 102°F (38.9°C) on the same day that a nearby shade-filled park topped out at 87°F (30.6°C)”, said Jeremy Hoffman, a researcher with the Science Museum of Virginia.
Based on the data collected throughout Richmond last year, project member Vivek Shandas at Portland State University and his colleagues were able to produce maps of urban heat across the city as well as heat vulnerability(脆弱性), which takes socioeconomic differences into account. Those maps are now being used to inform a citywide master plan update and a climate resilience(复原) plan.
Shandas and Hoffman plan to produce similar maps from this month's campaigns in D.C. and Baltimore. Finally, the two are hoping to scale up this effort even further. Shandas said he wish to create an off-the-shelf set of guidelines that any city can use to launch its own heat island campaign and generate citywide temperature maps.
Hoffman sees this as a way to help people to relate climate change to their own lives, and then actually do something about it. "The volunteers serve as a feedback mechanism to spread the findings," he said. "We can do heat island assessments using satellites, but we want a team of volunteers measuring temperatures in their neighborhoods to gain a better understanding of where they live."
1.The heat differences throughout the city result from the following factors except ________.
A. height of buildings B. usage of land
C. layout of streets D. social economy
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. In Richmond, the difference of temperature between industrial parts and the nearby park can reach 15°C on the same day.
B. The maps of heat differences across Richmond make little contributions to the city plans.
C. The researchers will appoint volunteers to take the temperatures in
D. C. and Baltimore to cut down the expense.
3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “off-the-shelf” in paragraph 5?
A. superb B. available
C. tough D. random
Text E
1.Who is the manager of Finance Department?
A. Carmin Donkin B. Antonio Parejo
C. Francisco Garcia D. Jane Sullivan
2.What’s the purpose of Text B?
A. To help staff contact colleagues.
B. To ask to change the time of a meeting.
C. To give personal details to the employer.
D. To inform staff of the changes to a meeting.
3.What does “Please print” in text D mean?
A. Use a printer.
B. Send an email.
C. Sign your name.
D. Write very clearly.
4.What should you do if your department needs paper urgently?
A. Complete a form.
B. Go to Head Office.
C. Contact the Stationery Manager.
D. Telephone Finance Manager.
