Everyone experiences tiredness at work sometimes. At some point (usually around 2:00 pm), you find yourself ready for a nap (打盹). Your energy changes naturally throughout the day. Productivity expert Chris Bailey examined this motivation, focus and energy levels for 21 days and found that all three tend to spike between 7:00 and 8:00 am, 11:00 and 12:00pm, and 6:00 and 7:00 pm. In addition to all those highs, he also noticed time when focus, energy, and motivation were nowhere to be found. Chris was tired at work.
Your peak time productivity time may be different from Mr. Bailey’s, but the overall shape of your energetic graph would still look like a series of zigzags (锯齿). The amount of sleep you have, the food you eat, and how you exercise are a few of the factors that cause rises and falls in your energy level.
We can fill up on coffee and sugar as much as we want, but we are fighting a natural downturn in energy when we do this. Your tiredness may seem like an inconvenience, but it’s really your body tell you that it needs rest.
Our bodies operate on a natural clock called circadian rhythm(生理节律). This sleep/wake cycle is perfectly adapted to give us enough sleep over the course of a 24-hour period. Natural light is the primary means that your body uses to assess whether or not you should be asleep.
Therefore, circadian rhythms do not agree with the average 9-5 job. Irregular sleep schedules, the light from electronic devices, and natural light exposure for a long time can also affect the cycle. This is why people working the graveyard shift have an increased risk for developing health problems. They must remain awake when their body tells them it’s time for bed, and their sleep constantly disrupted when they try to stay awake on days off.
1.Which of the factors does not contribute to the differences of the peak of productivity time according to the author?
A. Diet B. Sleep
C. Exercise D. Character
2.Why do people fail to work energetically for eight hours according to the author?
A. Because our body assesses our needs for sleep according to natural light.
B. Because the light from electronic devices stops them from concentrating on their jobs.
C. Because most people choose to stay up late at night for recreational activities.
D. Because of the stress from their jobs and busy schedule that they can not cope with.
3.Who is likely to develop sleeping problems according to the passage?
A. A manager who needs to travel a lot.
B. An athlete who trains hard for champions.
C. A guard who has to work in a museum at night.
D. A bus driver who drives from 6 am. to 1 pm.
4.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. The reasons for sleeping problems.
B. People have downturns when they work for natural causes.
C. How people can fight against the low energy levels when they work.
D. How to develop healthy sleeping habits.
Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.
The legislation（立法）, worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law. A large part of their profit is earned on weekends.
As of March 1, shops and markets are closed on two Sundays per month; in 2019 only one Sunday a month will be open for shopping; and starting in 2020, there will be no Sunday shopping with a few exceptions.
Duda praised the law as giving children a chance to be with parents and giving shop workers some needed time off. He also said big traders will need to adjust their practices to the new system and asked them for “understanding”. But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.
“A family should be together on Sundays,” Olszewska said after buying some food at a local Biedronka, a large discount supermarket chain. She said that before she retired she served cold cuts in a grocery store, and was grateful she never had to work on Sundays.
There are some exceptions to the ban. For instance, gas stations, cafes, pharmacies and some other businesses are allowed to keep operating on Sundays.
Anyone breaking the new rules faces a fine of up to 100,000 zlotys （$ 29,500）, while repeat offenders may face a prison sentence. Polish trade union appealed to people to report any violators to the National Labor Inspectorate, a state body.
1.Who will get some loss from the bill according to the passage?
A. The polish President Andrzej Duda.
B. Some large western supermarket chains.
C. All the markets in Poland.
D. Some common Polish families.
2.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Children had no time to play with their parents before.
B. Duda paid great attention to the shop workers.
C. Some workers will work extra hours on weekdays.
D. All the businesses will make adjustments to the bill.
3.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Family life will be more important than shopping in Poland.
B. More and more western supermarket chains will leave Poland.
C. The supermarket employees will have no job on Sundays in Poland.
D. Sunday shopping will be limited by the government in Poland.
Around this time a few years ago, it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time, no water is involved.
What is it? Well, think of a fruit that you’d never normally sink your teeth into. Perhaps you’ve got it: a lemon. While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes, very few of us would actually eat one as we’d eat an apple or an orange.
But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the “lemon face challenge” is taking off. Participants bite into a lemon, taking a selfie as they do it before posting the photo online. The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid (柠檬酸) hits their taste buds (味蕾). Every expression seems to say, “This is worse than freezing water.”
The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of. The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children. It was started by Aubregh Nicholas, an 11-year-old US kid. She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017, but has since raised almost $50000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge.
If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.
1.Why is the icy bucket challenge mentioned in the article?
A. To show how charity gained its popularity online.
B. To introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.
C. To attract people’s attention to a rare disease.
D. To prove its popularity around the world.
2.Compared with the pre-Internet charity, what is the advantage of online charity?
A. It raises more money than ever before.
B. It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.
C. It brings people together easily and quickly.
D. It causes little doubt among people.
3.What does the underlined phrase “take off’ in the last paragraph mean?
A. Go away suddenly. B. Become successful and popular.
C. Remove your clothes. D. Take a break.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards online charity?
A. Positive. B. Indifferent.
C. Negative. D. Ambiguous.
你的朋友李华最近染上了网瘾（Internet addiction），导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、与家人朋友产生矛盾等问题。请你给他写一篇英文书信，告诉他网瘾的危害并提出一些建议。
要求：1．语言通顺连贯，可以适当增加情节。
2．100词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Li Hua,
I am glad to hear from you yesterday. ……
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to hearing your good news soon.
Yours truly,
Jim
完成句子
1.He has got ________ ________ (厌倦了) doing such work all day long.
2.It was ________ more _________ (建立在)German than the English we speak at present.
3.Are you afraid your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are______
________(经历，经受) ？
4.We should ________ full ________ _________ (充分利用) our time.
5.I wonder _____ it is because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long time ______I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
6.______ ______(像往常一样), there weren't many people at the meeting.
7.I think it’s no pleasure _______ computer games（玩电脑游戏） all day long. Don’t forget our task is to study _______ ________（目前）.
8.The teacher commanded that we should recite the sentences _______ ________ (即使)we don’t understand them.
9.Do you know that there is ________ ________ ________(不止一个) kind of English?
10.A lot of new questions _________ _________(被提出) at the meeting yesterday.
11._________ _________(合计) your score and see how many points you can get.
用所学单词的正确形式填空
1.We want to play o_________________ instead of staying inside.
2.Has the mother r_______________from her serious illness?
3.A______________, it’s Tom who should have apologized to her.
4.The town has changed too much that I couldn’t r_______________at the first sight.
5.The President is deeply c___________ about his people’s safety.
6.I'm terribly sorry. I didn't do it on p__________.
7.They keep in touch with each other since they g________ from college.
8.The villages _______________(遭受) huge losses in the big fire.
9.We can’t afford to _______________(忽视,不理睬)their advice.
10.He said he _______________(不同意)with what his brother had said.
11.Don’t be so _______________(不安,不适) your mother will be all right.
12.The old man’s ________________language (母语) is Chinese.
13.He______(组织)the party successfully.
14.This is my last____________(请求).I’ll never ask you for anything again.
15.I have ____________ (说服) him not to smoke again.
