When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.
1.What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noises. B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly D. It sends out certain chemicals.
2.What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A.predict natural disasters B.protect themselves against insects
C.talk to one another intentionally D.help their neighbors when necessary
4.what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The word is changing faster than ever.
B.People have stronger senses than before
C.The world is more complex than it seems
D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.
Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats， four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.
Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The govemment has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.
Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those pilots of larger planes Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find redatively easy to meet.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.
C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.
2.Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?
A. It causes traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate.
C. It is very expensive. D. It bums too much fuel.
3.What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?
A. Cautious B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s Fist Flight
C.Pilots’Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film - it wanted somebody as well known as Paul - he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other - but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back - he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?
A.Paul Newman wanted it. B.The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C.He wasn’t famous enough. D.The director recommended someone else.
2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A.They were of the same dge. B.They worked in the same theater.
C.They were both good actors. D.They han similar charactertics.
3.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Their belief. B.Their care for chileden.
C.Their success. D.Their support for each other.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the test?
A.To show his love of films. B.To remember a friend.
C.To introduce a new movie. D.To share his acting experience.
In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.
National Theatre of China Beijing|Chinese
This great occasion(盛会) will be the National Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.
Date & Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm & Sunday 29 April,1.30pm & 6.30pm
Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian
One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of It is helmed（指导）by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.
Date & Time: Friday 18May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19May,7.30pm
Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）
By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.
Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May,2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm
Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | Hebrew
The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide ,Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958, z&xxk they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel .This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.
Date & Time: Monday 28May,7.30 & Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm
1.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?
A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost
C. As You Like It D. The Merchant of Venice
2.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?
A.It has two groups of actors B.It is the leading theatre in London
C.It performs plays in BSL D.It is good at producing comedies
3.When can you see a play in Hebrew?
A.On Saturday 28 April. B.On Sunday 29 April
C.On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May
假设你是晨光中学高二(1)班的班长李津， 得知美国学生Chris 作为交换生， 下学期将到你班学习。 请你根据以下提示， 给他写封邮件：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如气候、 饮食等)；
3. 介绍本班情况；
4. 希望Chris做哪些事情， 以增进中美学生之间的了解和友谊。
注意：
1. 请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息；
2. 可适当加入细节， 使内容充实、行文连贯；
3. 词数不少于100; 开头已给出， 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：交换生 exchange student
Dear Chris,
I'm Li Jin, monitor of Class One, Grade Eleven._________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Jin
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Are you looking for something interested? Would you like to give a hand to other people in your spare time? Then joining us and be a volunteer! We have job for people of all ages. Anyone from students to old people can become ours members. You can help people in many ways. Some schools need volunteers to help take the care of children. Volunteers are needed in hospitals help the patients. Animal lovers can help save dogs and cats without homes. There is nothing for everyone. “I often played computer games when I was freely before. Now I help old people learn to use computers，” said a volunteer aged 18. Unless everyone helps out a lot, we'll all have better and warmer world to live in.
