Question

When enjoying children's birthdays or a long-expected family holiday,you may usually want to keep those important moments in mind with a photograph.But if you’re one of those people who can’t stop snapping photos at an important event,be aware--you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.

Experts have warned that the addiction to recording every moment of our lives could be having an adverse effect on our memories.

Maryanne Garry,a New Zealand psychology professor,has been studying how the frequent taking of photos might change childhood memories.I think the problem is that people are forgetting to experience the moment,she says.Parents at the park taking one photo after another of their children,for example,are actually paying less attention to what is happening around them.The picture only captures a small part of the total experience.And because parents remember less about these important events,they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences.As a result,children's own childhood memories are reduced.

The idea that we are experiencing less as we record more got psychologist Linda Henkel’s thinking.She wanted to explore how photographs shape our memories.

Henkel,who researches human memory at Fairfield University in Connecticut,did an experiment by sending groups of students to the university’s art museum.The students observed some objects and photographed others. Then,back at the laboratory,they were given a memory test.Henkel found what she called a “photo-taking effect”.The students remembered fewer of the objects that they had taken photos of,and they remembered fewer details about those objects.She says her students’ memories were worse because they were relying on the camera to remember the details for them.

“As soon as you hit ‘click’ on that camera,it’s as if you’ve decreased your memory.” she says.

1.What does the word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. A child’s birthday.

B. An important event.

C. A valuable photograph.

D. A family holiday.

2.How did Henkel develop her theory about the “photo-taking effect”？

A. By carrying out an experiment.

B. By giving a questionnaire.

C. By interviewing a group of students.

D. By researching the findings of the others.

3.According to Paragraph 3,why are children’s memories reduced?

A. Flash lights are causing children to forget more things.

B. Parents are into listening to children’s experiences.

C. Children are more into taking photos than experiencing.

D. Parents are less effective in helping children discuss their experiences.

4.What’s the purpose of this passage?

A. To introduce a new discovery in taking photos.

B. To discuss the effect of photo-taking on memory.

C. To explain how to use cameras in an effective way.

D. To describe the ways of remembering valuable experiences.

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.B

【解析】文章主要介绍了拍照对人的记忆力的影响。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段But if you’re one of those people who can’t stop snapping photos at an important event, be aware--you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.可知，如果你在重要的事件时不停地拍照的话，你很可能很快就会忘记这件事本身。所以it 指an important event。

2.文章行文结构题。根据第三段Henkel,who researches human memory at Fairfield University in Connecticut,did an experiment by sending groups of students to the university’s art museum.The students observed some objects and photographed others. Then,back at the laboratory,they were given a memory test.Henkel found what she called a “photo-taking effect”.可知她是通过实验法。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段And because parents remember less about these important events,they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences.As a result,children's own childhood memories are reduced.可知由于父母只忙着拍照，没有记得太多，因此他们对于帮助孩子如何讨论自己的经历时不能起到积极的作用，因此孩子的记忆力下降。

4.写作目的。通读整篇文章可知作者在介绍拍照对人的记忆力的影响，文章通过专家教授的实验进一步证实了这一观点，所以B正确。

名师点睛： 细节理解型解题技巧

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。

此题的第一小题属于（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。根据根据第一段But if you’re one of those people who can’t stop snapping photos at an important event, be aware--you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.可知，如果你在重要的事件时不停地拍照的话，你很可能很快就会忘记这件事本身。所以it 指an important event。

第三小题属于（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。根据第三段And because parents remember less about these important events,they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences.As a result,children's own childhood memories are reduced.可知由于父母只忙着拍照，没有记得太多，因此他们对于帮助孩子如何讨论自己的经历时不能起到积极的作用，因此孩子的记忆力下降。