书面表达
假如你是高中生李华，有感于校园中存在的随地吐痰（to spit）和乱丢垃圾（to litter）等不文明行为，请用英语给校长写一封信，信中应包括以下内容：
1．说明写信目的；
2．对这些行为进行批评；
3．提出建议（至少两点）；
注意：1．可根据内容要点适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译。
2．词数150左右。
3．信的抬头、落款及信的第一句已给出（不计词数）。
November 15, 2012
Mr. Headmaster,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Senior III.
________________________________________________________________________
Your faithfully,
Li Hua
句子翻译。
1.凯特非常谦虚，总是说她所取得的成功归功于团队合作。(owe…to)
2.几乎所有的与会代表都强调了食品安全的重要性。（stress）
3.网络语“我姓曾”这么快在全国流行起来，实在令人惊叹。（catch on）
4.如果我们不了解西方文化，就会觉得这样做没有道理。（make sense）
5.当地政府认为目前对地震造成的破坏做出评估还为时尚早。（assess）
教材单句填空，每个空格只填一个单词。
1.It can be an analysis of how teams are __________ in the various sports leagues, or a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of different players and their teams.
2.__________ Australia’s small population, its outstanding performance at the Olympic Games was really amazing.
3.The Ming and Qing Imperial Tombs are among the most extraordinary cultural __________ to be found anywhere.
4.Colour is a medium for expressing different feelings, but the meaning of colour is not __________ across different cultures.
5.After spending every penny of his money and being __________ to hiring himself out to feed pigs, he realized that he had been a fool and went home.
6.．In __________ with the dilemma of worldwide hunger, the United Nations set up an agency called the World Food Programme (WFP) in 1963.
7.．This is why many people are __________ for the use of alternative energy sources.
8.．Older Americans are on the __________ .Throughout the Midwest and the Northeast, people aged 60 and over are packing their bags and heading south along the freeway to states like Florida.
9.．Contrary to what many people think, HIV cannot be __________ through mosquitoes, a cough or sneeze, or by merely touching someone with Aids.
10.．You need to work with every __________ of your being.
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格只填一个单词。
If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our schools should teach.
Politeness is a mark of civilization. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.
Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we don’t make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.
We’re likely no accept something we are told, but that’s not what educated people do. Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical（批判性的）thinking.
Children should learn to take care of their health. They should know that if they eat junk food（垃圾食品）, they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.
All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are. We have to know a little bit of history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.
How will we test students on these? We can’t. But that’s not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: “This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”
|
Title |
Very Useful (56) |
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Introduction |
Education should be a (57) for life. |
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Advice |
Important things should be taught in (58) . |
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Teaching (59) |
●How to behave (60) ●The basic skill of (61) money ●How to (62) in a critical way ●How to keep (63) ●The rights and responsibilities one has in (64) |
|
Conclusion |
Children should be taught what (65) is and how to deal with it. |
Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.
The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营养不良) and heat-related health problems.
But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.
Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.
Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum’s report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost (极度的) attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的).”
However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.
In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability(弱点) to climate hazards(危害)while still curbing (限制) the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.
1.What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?
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A．Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. |
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B．Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. |
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C．Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. |
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D．Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters. |
2. What do we learn about the Forum’s report from the passage?
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A．It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. |
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B．It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. |
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C．It was warmly received by environmentalists. |
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D．It caused a big stir in developing countries. |
3. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum’s report?
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A．Its statistics look embarrassing. |
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B．It is invalid in terms of methodology. |
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C．It deserves our closest attention. |
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D．Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated. |
4. What is Soren Andreasen’s view of the report?
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A．Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data. |
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B．It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined. |
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C．It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference. |
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D．Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders. |
5. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?
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A．How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming. |
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B．How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced. |
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C．How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale. |
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D．How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards. |
You never see him, but they’re with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you’re traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They’re known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device’s homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots’ conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft’s final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand（抵挡）massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged（潜入水中）, they’re also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they’re still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane’s black boxes were never recovered.
1.What does the author say about the black box?
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A．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane. |
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B．The idea for its design comes from a comic book. |
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C．Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible. |
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D．It is an indispensable device on an airplane. |
2.. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
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A．Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. |
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B．The total number of passengers on board. |
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C．The scene of the crash and extent of the damage. |
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D．Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash. |
3. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
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A．New materials became available by that time. |
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B．Too much space was needed for its installation. |
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C．The early models often got damaged in the crash. |
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D．The early models didn’t provide the needed data. |
4. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
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A．There is still a good chance of their being recovered. |
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B．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed. |
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C．They have stopped sending homing signals. |
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D．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil. |
