Question

    It was an autumn day, and 1 was standing in the kitchen, hanging my head over the counter and trying to figure out how many calories were in a bowl of homemade yogurt and fruit. And I felt annoyed.

I was 16, and my best friend and I had gone to our first Weight Watchers meeting. It was the trend in the mid-1980s，and even though I was an athlete, like many teen girls, I didn't necessarily like what I saw in the mirror. But after a week or so of recording every meal and snack and calculating the calories, I had had enough. I went back to my routine of chowing whatever I wanted, running and skiing, and let that be that. And it's still pretty much what I do; as long as the workouts are regular and the food is whole and balanced, my body's set point hasn't varied for years.

The weight loss trend of three decades ago−full of scales and counting calories−has fallen away. Now fasting is popular. The ways to keep fit vary: on the 5:2 diet a person eats for five days and fasts for two days each week, while the 18:6 refers 10 fasting for 18 hours and then eating within a six-hour window each day.

In this issue, Associate Editor Mark Barna tries to understand the science behind the fasting plans. Researchers have found that animals like monkeys age more slowly after years of eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw improvements in a number of signs that indicate risk of some hard to cure diseases. The hope for healthy weight loss isn’t over yet, but at least now the calculators don’t have to be out at every meal.

1.What made the author annoyed?

A.Her body was not as strong as an athlete’s.

B.There were too many calories in the yogurt and fruit.

C.The Weight Watches meeting was not necessary for her.

D.She had to work out the calories in every meal and snack.

2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “chowing”?

A.Eating. B.Doing C.Cooking. D.Choosing.

3.How do people keep fit now?

A.They limit the calories they take in.

B.They lose weight only.

C.They fast daily or weekly.

D.They eat enough every day.

4.What do we know about the researchers’ finding in this passage?

A.People grow more slowly if they eat less.

B.People are healthier if they eat less.

C.People have stopped losing weight now.

D.People calculate their food for every meal.

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.C

4.B

【解析】

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，由作者自己的减肥经历引出了现在人们保持健康的方式——禁食（“每周型”和“每日型”），并指出研究发现在长年的禁食后，人类患上顽疾的可能性会降低。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段中“But after a week or so of recording every meal and snack and calculating the calories, I had had enough.”可知，作者记录下吃过的每顿正餐和快餐，并计算出它们的热量，但坚持这么做一个星期左右她就受不了了，这句话与第一段中的“And I felt annoyed.”相呼应，也就是必须计算出每餐和零食中的卡路里让作者感到气恼，故D项正确。

2.词义猜测题。上文作者说自己曾通过控制摄入食物的热量来减肥，她后来坚持不下去了，根据画线词词前的“I went back to my routine of”可知，画线词所在句子表达的是“我又回归了过去的生活方式——想吃什么就吃什么，跑跑步，滑滑雪”，由此可知画线词词义为“吃”，故A项正确。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段中“The ways to keep fit vary: on the 5:2 diet a person eats for five days and fasts for two days each week, while the 18:6 refers 10 fasting for 18 hours and then eating within a six-hour window each day.”可知，现在人们保持健康的方法是禁食，禁食的方法分为“每周型”和“每日型”——在5:2（每周型）的饮食中，一个人每周吃五天，禁食两天：而在18:6（每日型）的饮食中，禁食18小时，然后每天在6小时内进食。故C项正确。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“after years of eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw improvements in a number of signs that indicate risk of some hard to cure diseases.”可知，研究人员发现在长年的少量进食后，人类患上顽疾的可能性会降低，故B项正确。