Question

    The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

David Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.

The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk of non-infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.

Unfortunately when people adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one per cent to 10 per cent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period. And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.

And, a diet bad for human beings, is also bad for the environment. As the world's population grows, more forests and tropical(热带的) areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of transportation right now.

Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health “a trilemma”: a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.

1.We can infer from the passage that                .

A.Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases

B.overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases

C.the examined information comes from developing countries

D.industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet

2.According to the passage, more greenhouse gases might be given off in the future from               .

A.transportation B.developing countries C.agriculture D.developed countries

3.David Tilman believes that               .

A.the diet, the environment and human health are closely connected

B.the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes

C.people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease

D.traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet

4.What's the main purpose of writing the passage?

A.To call on us to protect the environment.

B.To warn us of the danger of the Western diet.

C.To remind us of the importance of health.

D.To advise us to have a balanced diet.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.A

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害，因此，专家建议把西方的饮食抛在身后。

1.

推理判断题。根据第二段He found that as nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.（他发现，随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。）由此可知，从文章中我们可以推断出，工业化促进了西方饮食的传播。故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of transportation right now.（在未来，农业产生的温室气体可能会比现在所有交通方式产生的温室气体还要多。）由此可知，未来农业可能会释放出更多的温室气体。故选C。

3.

推理判断题。根据最后一段Mr. Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health “a trilemma”: a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.（蒂尔曼先生将饮食、环境和人类健康之间的联系称为“三难抉择”:一个提供了艰难选择的问题。他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。）由此推知，David Tilman相信饮食、环境与人类健康息息相关。故选A。

4.

推理判断题。根据第一段The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.（西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害。）以及最后一段He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.（他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。）由此推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们西方饮食的危险。故选B。