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Benefits of green spaces We all know the...

Benefits of green spaces

We all know the value of taking a walk in the fresh spring weather. It allows your mind to relax and forget about the problems in everyday life. Studies have commonly shown the benefits of being around green spaces, including gardens, urban parks and forests.

But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact your mental health as an adult?

A study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe, including Spain, the Netherlands, Lithuania and the UK.

The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood — for example, playing in a garden, riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest. They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.

Volunteers were then given a psychological test, which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities, to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression (抑郁) within a four-week period.

The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure — as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.

The study’s coordinator (协调员), Wilma Zijlema, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”. She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the implications (含义) of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.

According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces. Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, director of ISGlobal’s Urban Planning, said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoor lifestyle … so we call on policymakers to improve the availability (可得性) of natural spaces for children.”

While this study was based in Europe, a lack of green space can affect anyone, anywhere. So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature, as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.

1.What was the purpose of the ISGlobal’s walking study?

A.To examine the advantages of taking a walk.

B.To understand the mental health problems of children.

C.To see how childhood experiences shape adult life.

D.To study the influence of childhood exposure to natural spaces.

2.What do we know about the study?

A.The participants included both children and adults.

B.The participants were from all over the world.

C.It focused on the participants’ physical health state.

D.It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.

3.What do Paragraphs 7-8 mainly talk about?

A.The value of the study. B.The results of the study.

C.The method of the study. D.The process of the study.

4.What does the underlined word “immerse” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Protect against something. B.Understand something.

C.Lose oneself in something. D.Imagine doing something.

 

1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项对“绿色空间的好处”的调查研究,研究发现童年时接触自然环境会对成年后的心理健康产生积极影响。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact your mental health as an adult?( 但你知道童年时接触这些自然环境会对成年后的心理健康产生积极影响吗?)及第三段A study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe, including Spain, the Netherlands, Lithuania and the UK.(巴塞罗那全球健康研究所的一项研究调查了来自欧洲各地的3600人,包括西班牙、荷兰、立陶宛和英国)可推知,ISGlobal步行研究的目的是研究儿童接触自然空间的影响。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood(这项全成人的研究向参与者发放了一份问卷,询问他们在童年时期使用自然空间的频率)及第五段中的Volunteers were then given a psychological test(志愿者被给定一个心理测试)可知,这项研究由问卷调查和心理测试组成。故选D。 3. 主旨大意题。根据第七段中的The study’s coordinator (协调员), Wilma Zijlema, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”.(这项研究的协调人威尔玛·兹杰勒玛写道,研究结果“显示了童年时期接触自然环境对成年后培养欣赏自然的态度和健康的心理状态的重要性”)及第八段中的According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces.(根据这项研究,73%的欧洲人只能有限地进入自然空间)可知,第七、八段主要讨论的是研究的结果。故选B。 4. 词句猜测题。根据全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了一项“绿色空间的好处”的调查研究,研究发现童年时接触自然环境会对成年后的心理健康产生积极影响。因此作者应该是呼吁人们去接触自然环境。由此推知,划线词immerse与Lose oneself in something.(使自己沉溺于某事)意思接近。故选C。
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    When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-ravaged (火灾肆虐的) Australia, she decided to do something about it.

She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations asked for hand-sewn (手缝的) and knitted pouches (袋子) and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires.

This idea attracted Ratelle, but there was just one problem.

“I’d never sewn in my life,” said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista, US. “Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew.”

Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to For Australian Wildlife Needing Aid (FAWNA), one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from burns.

A week later, she received a photo from FAWNA with a young joey (幼兽) in one of her larger pouches. “It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” said Ratelle, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.

“I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated (蹂躏) by natural disasters,” she said.

According to the World Wildlife Fund, it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died, as a result of the bushfires, which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia.

Several craft guild (手工业行会) websites around the world  have mobilized (动员) for Australian relief by making the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12 and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newberry, “it was a big push that made we crafters, sewers to realize there’s something more we can do than just make things for ourselves,” she said.

1.What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?

A.What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew.

B.What is needed to save koalas and other species.

C.The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia.

D.Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia.

2.How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA according to the text?

A.Proud. B.Calm.

C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.

3.The statistics (统计数字) in Paragraph 8 are used to show ______.

A.how frequent the bushfires are in Australia

B.how harmful the bushfires are in Australia

C.the great varieties of wild animals in Australia

D.the difficulties facing relief organizations in Australia

4.What do Newberry’s words in the last paragraph suggest?

A.People should stay united through difficult times.

B.Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia.

C.It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work.

D.Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals.

 

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Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell

 

The diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:

Academic Distribution Requirements

The College’s academic distribution requirements will include:

· effective writing

· foreign language beyond the introductory level

.· imaginative and critical thinking

To choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrollment information and course details.

The Class Roster is updated frequently.

To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornell’s full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, policies and procedures.

If you need help, call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.

A New Curriculum

On October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty 教员) approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the college’s commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students who have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.

Innovative Learning

If you’re one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative 创新的) classroom project that uses active learning,a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.

Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D   C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.

 

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A.may study a new model

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C.will get more freedom during research project

D.have advantages of studying outside the classroom

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2.A.pay B.impress C.support D.provide

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