Dyslexia (失读症) is a reading and writing disability characterized by difficulties in reading and spelling, and for some readers to understand what they have read. Experts say dyslexia affects about five to ten percent of the population of the United States. Researchers have long known that people with dyslexia write or read words and letters backwards in the wrong order.
But a new study shows that people with dyslexia may have trouble redirecting (重新传入) their attention between senses, from seeing something to hearing something. Vanessa Harrar of Britain's University of Oxford led the study. She reported the findings in the journal Current Biology. The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear. Doctor Harrar calls this a sluggish shifting of attention across the senses.
''So, if you are trying to read something and then trying to listen to somebody who's reading aloud and you're trying to follow along with what they are reading, they have to switch their attention from hearing what they are saying to looking at the piece of paper and back again. '' said Harrar.
She found that people with dyslexia were just as fast as the others when they saw only a picture or heard only a sound. But the dyslexics had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw a picture at the same time.
Doctor Harrar feels like playing action video games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly. She adds that images in video games force the eyes to move and focus quickly.
''Video game types of things pop out of here and there, they move your eyes around the screen quickly in response to things quite quickly, and the more you play a video game the faster you get that kind of thing. So the video game is really training the attention system to move quickly, '' said Harrar.
The study also shows that dyslexic people have the most difficulty going between what they saw and what they heard, this may have an effect on how dyslexic children are taught how to read. When children learn the alphabet, they usually see the letter first and then hear the sound, or they see and hear the letter at the same time. The study shows that dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first before seeing it.
1.Dyslexic people have the following problems except _________.
A.writing or reading words and letters in the right order
B.redirecting their attention between senses, from seeing something to hearing something
C.moving quickly from what they read to what they hear
D.seeing a picture or hearing a sound
2.What does the underlined word ''sluggish'' in paragraph 2 mean？
A.Slow. B.Wrong.
C.Specific. D.Accurate.
3.Why can playing video games help dyslexic people learn more quickly?
A.Because they will train their reading and hearing.
B.Because they will have a good knowledge of the system.
C.Because they can train the attention system to move quickly.
D.Because they can arouse their interest in reading and learning.
4.What is the importance of the finding?
A.People with dyslexia will be cured by playing video games.
B.People with dyslexia will not be made fun of by others.
C.People will play more video games for dyslexic children.
D.People will know how to teach dyslexic children to read.
Ten years ago, a typical patient at my plastic surgery clinic in McLean, Va., was 47 or 48. They generally wanted to look like a younger version of themselves. This might mean a face or neck lift, eyelid lifts, a skin-resurfacing procedure or Botox (肉毒杆菌) injections. ''What do you recommend? '' they'd ask. This is the kind of work I am expecting to do, and these are the consultations I am expecting to give.
Today, my average patient, according to my office records, is 38 or 39. They'll come in with a specific ''flaw'' on their faces and often know exactly what procedure they want. They are pretty sure that their noses are too big, their chins are too large, or their eyebrows appear dull. And these patients are much less realistic about what I can achieve. They will ask for Kim Kardashian's nose, even if their facial structure looks nothing like hers.
There’s a reason for this rapid and radical change: selfies. The self-taken photograph is greatly attacking the confidence of many younger people. They come to my offices, show me their selfies and point to a defect on their faces, which is a totally normal shape to me. Often they will have already searched online till they’ve found someone with a similar “issue” who fixed it with surgery. Once, a 20-year-old, having studied countless images of herself and searched hundreds of pictures of the ideal looks she wanted, said she needed a facelift. But to me, no 20-year-old needs a facelift.
Selfies also mislead people about how they look. Smartphone cameras get better each year, but photos taken at arm’s length or closer often produce a ''fish eye'' effect: whatever's at the center of the photo is bigger, and things on the edge are smaller. A study published in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery last year found that selfies make noses look 30 percent larger than they are.
A survey done by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons last year found that social media was driving more plastic surgery requests than any other social influence: more than TV, movies or magazines. People are spending more time looking at themselves, in an online environment where comparisons with others seem inevitable. Academic psychologist Brian Feinstein, who studied a sample of 268 college-age adults, has found that the more people use social media, the more they reflect on their own supposed drawbacks, and therefore causes self-confidence to drop.
1.Why did the author's typical patients want plastic surgery ten years ago?
A.They were recommended to do so.
B.They were unsatisfied with the faces they were born with.
C.They’d like to look younger than they really were.
D.The author expected them to do so.
2.What can we know about Kim Kardashian?
A.She is a patient of the author's.
B.She is a model who has a beautiful nose.
C.She is a doctor of plastic surgery.
D.She is a fan of plastic surgery.
3.What can we learn from Paragraph four?
A.Smartphone cameras can help people take better selfies.
B.Smartphone cameras make people look at their selfies through a fish eye.
C.People usually take photos at arm's length or closer.
D.Smartphone cameras make people's faces in a selfie unreal.
4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A.Selfies Are Weakening Self-confidence.
B.Young People Like to Take Selfies.
C.More People Are Getting Plastic Surgery.
D.People Like to Look Better in Selfies.
When Amanda Wanklin and Michael Biggs fell in love, they didn't realize the challenges they might face as a biracial couple. Amanda says, ''At first we only knew that we wanted together. '' They settled down in Birmingham, England, eager to start a family. On July 3, 2006, the black and white couple got their “one in a million'' miracle: Amanda gave birth to fraternal twin (异卵双胞胎) girls with completely different skin colors, and the greatly amazed parents gave their daughters intertwined names: one would be Millie Marcia Madge Biggs, the other Marcia Millie Madge Biggs.
From a young age the girls had similar features but very different color schemes. Marcia had light brown hair and fair skin like her English-born white mother, while Millie had black hair and brown skin like her black father, who is of Jamaican descent. ''We never worried about it; we just accepted it，'' Michael says.
''When they were first born, '' Amanda recalls, ''people would look at my one daughter and then look at my other daughter. Then I'd get asked the question: 'Are they twins? '''
''Yes. ''
''But one's white and one's black. ''
According to Amanda, people who commented on the girls weren't openly discriminatory (歧视的) or judgmental—just very curious, and then as time went on, people just saw the beauty in them.
The twins know what racism is. ''Racism is where somebody judges you by your color and not by your true self, '' Millie says.
Michael, the father, says he’s faced inequality at times throughout his life because of the color of his skin. '' But it's a different time now, '' he says. Neither he nor Amanda has ever witnessed racist behavior toward their twin girls.
''When people see us, they think that we're just best friends, '' Marcia says. ''When they learn that we're twins, they're kind of shocked because one's black and one's white. '' But when the twins are asked about their differences, they mention something else entirely. ''Millie likes things that are girlie. She likes pink and all of that, '' Marcia says. '' I don't like the color pink; I'm a tomboy. People should know about us by our true selves, not by our colors. After all, people are made how they are. ''
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A.Amanda and Michael are of the same race.
B.Amanda and Michael were not happy about the birth of their twins.
C.The possibility of twins with different skin colors is small.
D.It was easy for Amanda and Michael to start a family of their own.
2.According to the passage which of the following is NOT true?
A.Sometimes Michael is unequally treated because of his race.
B.The twin girls see their skin colors as their major difference.
C.People are curious but friendly to the twin girls.
D.People who are racists judge a person by his appearance.
3.How does Marcia react to the people who ask questions about their differences?
A.She never answers them.
B.She is upset about their questions.
C.She answers with their different characters.
D.She tells them about colors.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards racism?
A.Opposed. B.Supportive.
C.Indifferent. D.Tolerant.
Qibao Ancient Village
Qibao, located in the center of Minhang District, Shanghai, is a village with a history of one thousand years. In the village, wine and tea are served on old-fashioned square tables together with long benches, long-mouth copper pots and flat-end chopstick used. The most famous snacks in old Shanghai are square pastry, rice wine and steamed salted pork in wine.
Entrance Ticket: 45 yuan per all-in-one ticket (preferable price of 30 yuan is available now), covering almost all tourist attractions inside the village.
Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting
Villagers skillfully make good use of folk arts such as printing and dyeing, embroidery (刺绣), wood carving. They take the various folk customs and the busy scenes of labor of villagers in the lower Changjiang valley as the theme of paintings and create farmer paintings in a simple style.
Entrance Ticket: 30 yuan per person
Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village
The village provides tourists with accommodations, tours, chess, cards, fitness and entertainment through renting out separate farmhouse and sells tourist products and agricultural by-products related to the merry countryside tour.
Entrance Ticket: Free
Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening
It is one of Shanghai countryside tour scenic spots, which features art of teapots, crop plantation and export. The Geological Science Popularization Hall stores up tens of thousands of rare stones collected all over the world.
Entrance Ticket: 50 yuan per person
1.Which tour is offering a discount on the entrance ticket now?
A.Qibao Ancient Village.
B.Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting.
C.Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village.
D.Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening.
2.Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening may especially attract people who are interested in ______.
A.traditional snacks B.folk arts
C.farming D.rare stones
3.Which column of a newspaper can we probably find the passage?
A.Finance. B.Tourism.
C.Education. D.Agriculture.
假设你是李华，你的好友Susan前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你她很不适应美国的校园生活，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1.学好英语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；
2.多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独；
3.积极参加各种活动，使自己的生活更加有趣。
注意：1. 词数：100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节。
提示词： adapt to 适应
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I am a student from Hangzhou Senior High School. I’m having some trouble with your classmates at the moment. I’m very shy that I’m not good at communicating for people. Although I try to talk to my classmates and play with them but I find it hard to make friends with them. So I felt quite lonely sometimes. I really want change this situation. But I don’t know how to solve the problem. As the result, I am very worrying. I will be thankful if someone can give me some advices to deal with my trouble as quick as possible.
