Question

①When we think of humor, we generally think about entertainment - enjoying a stand-up comedy or watching a funny film. But psychologists believe humor can also help improve our mental health and promote social bonding.

②Rod Martin at the University of Western Ontario examined the relation-ship between a sense of humor and psychological wellbeing. He found individuals with a good sense of humor had higher levels of self-esteem (自尊), were more positive in the face of challenging life events, and had more self-protective ways of coping with stress

③However, this finding is only corelational. It could be that a good sense of humor fosters the positive qualities, and that high levels of self-esteem and a positive mindset may be what allows an individual to develop a good sense of humor. To prove it, researchers randomly appointed 55 adults to three courses: a humor group, a social group, and a control group. At the end of the courses, those in the humor group scored significantly higher on levels of emotional wellbeing and showed decreased levels of stress and anxiety. The researchers also tested the effects of attending parties as well as watching comedies and funny films. They found that these positive social activities also made these adults more humorous and welcome.

④Wellbeing in the workplace can also be increased by humor. Both Eric Romero and Kevin Cruthirds at the University of Texas found encouraging moments of jokes among colleagues were generally associated with increased work performance and decreased reports of stress. However, they also raise a caution: any positive result depends on the jokes in question. That the type of humor is key to its benefits clarifies why positive findings in this area are often weak or unclear. As some researchers wisely point out, the problem is that too few of them begin by defining clearly what humor is. He believes there are two types: adaptive and maladaptive (适应不良的).

⑤Adaptive humor encourages us to feel closer to others and better about ourselves, whereas maladaptive humor is self-defeating, rude and aggressive. Maladaptive humor leads only to lower self-esteem and a distance between you and your colleagues.

⑥The conclusion? Humor can definitely help you, not only with your mental wellbeing, but also with your colleague relationships - only if it's adaptive, self-enhancing and acceptable. All in all, kindness is the key.

1.What did Rod Martin find about humorous people?

A. They liked seeing funny performances.

B. They used humor to increase self-esteem.

C. They tended to enjoy better mental health.

D. They attached more importance to self-protection.

2.By saying the underlined part in Paragraph 3, the author wants to show     .

A. humor and positive qualities affect each other

B. humor plays a role only in certain cases

C. the finding needs to be further improved

D. there's still strong argument on the finding

3.According to Paragraph 4 , why are positive findings about office humor often weak?

A. Workplace is a special place for people to tell jokes.

B. There are too many factors affecting the results.

C. There's not enough evidence to show its effects.

D. Different types of humor may have different effects.

4.What is suggested by the author about humor?

A. Put yourself in others' shoes when telling jokes.

B. Avoid hurting others when telling jokes.

C. Pay attention to the occasion of your jokes.

D. Get used to others' jokes about you.

5.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

A. ①-②③-④-⑤⑥    B. ①②-③④-⑤⑥

C. ①②-③-④⑤-⑥    D. ①-②③-④⑤-⑥

Answer

1. C

2. A

3. D

4. B

5. D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是幽默。当我们想到幽默时，我们通常想到的是娱乐，但心理学家认为，幽默也有助于改善我们的心理健康，促进社会联系。幽默的人往往拥有更好的心理健康。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段中He found individuals with a good sense of humor had higher levels of self-esteem (自尊), were more positive in the face of challenging life events, and had more self-protective ways of coping with stress可知，Rod Martin从幽默的人身上发现了他们往往拥有更好的心理健康。故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段中It could be that a good sense of humor fosters the positive qualities, and that high levels of self-esteem and a positive mindset may be what allows an individual to develop a good sense of humor.可知，通过对第3段划线部分的叙述，作者想要展示幽默和积极的品质是相互影响的。故选A。

3.推理判断题。根据第四段中However, they also raise a caution: any positive result depends on the jokes in question. That the type of humor is key to its benefits clarifies why positive findings in this area are often weak or unclear. As some researchers wisely point out, the problem is that too few of them begin by defining clearly what humor is. He believes there are two types: adaptive and maladaptive (适应不良的).可知，根据第4段，关于办公室幽默的积极发现往往很弱是因为不同类型的幽默可能有不同的效果。故选D。

4.推理判断题。根据第五段中Adaptive humor encourages us to feel closer to others and better about ourselves, whereas maladaptive humor is self-defeating, rude and aggressive.可知，作者认为讲笑话时要避免伤害别人。故选B。

5.推理判断题。本文第一段提出论点；第二、三段讲述了“幽默”带来的积极影响；第四、五段讲述了“幽默”应该注意的事情；最后一段总结，得出结论。故选D。