阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whether they' re playing on TV screens or pnnted in newspapers, adverts are everywhere.
Actually, it is quite normal for the average person1. (live) in a city to see thousands of ads every single day. However, ads are not just a tool for getting people to buy things; they also serve 2. awindow into cultures, societies and history.
Modern adverts began to appear in 3.18th and 19th centuries,since advances in printing techniques allowed more detailed images 4. (produce) in newspapers and magazines.
Looking at some of these early ads 5. (be) like taking a step back in time to another world. For example, an 1881 advert for French cigarettes 6. (promise) that its product would “give immediate relief" to a list of medical conditions, including breathing problems. And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary soft drink A 7 Up with 7. (they) baby's milk.
Nowadays, of course, the harmful 8. (effect) of both smoking and sugary drinks have been well known. But although these adverts seem 9. (usual) to us now, perhaps future generations may consider some of today's ads to be just as strange. It is believed that advertising can often be an indicator for 10.society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.
The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that spnng moming.
The _______ of roses always brings to mind Wanda' s childhood memories. Then the family had no _______ to buy extra things , so even a tired rose was something to _______ .
Currently,to have a backyard full of different roses is pure _______. And her husband, Dale,devotedly _______the roses. _______that she loves the very first blooms,he picked some on this particular moming.
But as Dale returned,he came across a neighbor who had _______ for a quick visit. As the woman turned to go,Dale generously gave the _______ to her. And even though their visitor_______ she didn' t want to take them,she was _ ________ assured (确信) that the flowers were hers to keep.
Seeing her precious first blooms go out the door ________ Wanda with regret, and a bit of ________. She new it was " better to give than to receive. " __________ ,she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.
Later that day, the couple headed to the post office,where Wanda waited outside in the car.
Then, without ____________ , an older woman suddenly appeared at the open window,and gave her a bunch of fresh roses ! " These are for you. They ' re my first blooms this spring. "
Completely ________,Wanda thanked the woman and ________ for a moment to breathe in the rich fragrance. When she looked back, the mysterious visitor was gone.
That special ________ changed Wanda. It made her understand the true meaning of ________ and unexpected gifts. Now,she always ________ her first blooms to others , as a(n) __________ that someone is thinking of them.
1.A. sight B. scenery C. scene D. show
2.A. energy B. money C. courage D. desire
3.A. desert B. raise C. value D. water
4.A. business B. memory C. imagination D. enjoyment
5.A. lays B. tends C. studies D. serves
6.A. Anxious B. Ashamed C. Afraid D. Aware
7.A. stopped by B. settled down C. turned out D. broken in
8.A. greetings B. wishes C. roses D. bushes
9.A. recommended B. complained C. cried D. insisted
10.A. hardly B. repeatedly C. secretly D. temporarily
11.A. covered B. filled C. charged D. supplied
12.A. tension B. pride C. gladness D. selfishness
13.A. Still B. Thus C. Instead D. Otherwise
14.A. delay B. warning C. effort D. thinking
15.A. shocked B. confused C. amazed D. relaxed
16.A. waited B. nodded C. shook D. bent
17.A. delivery B. discovery C. apology D. smell
18.A. giving B. receiving C. affection D. communication
19.A. takes away B. puts away C. gives away D. throws away
20.A. routine B. duty C. reminder D. example
Earth is home to around 7 ， 000 languages ， around half of which are expected to disappear by 2100．
Languages disappear for many reasons． Sometimes younger generations stop learning a language because parents want children to fit in．1. Native American children of the late﹣l9th century were required to attend boarding schools where educators forbade them from speaking their native languages．
The United Nations ranks endangered languages according to their risk level．For example ， a " critically endangered " language is one that even grandparents don ' t speak often． New York ' s Onondaga language is an example with only 50 speakers left． An " extinct" language has no speakers． It is gone forever． Alaska 's Eyak language is one example．2.
3. In the same way ， different languages contribute to cultural diversity． Saving these languages benefits our understanding of other cultures． Languages can show how a society looks at the world and what it values． A language may describe something in a way that is funny ， too． In Welsh ， it rains not cats and dogs ， but old wives and walking sticks．
The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing．4. However ， its efforts are limited． If an endangered language is going to make a real comeback ， it '11probably get its start in schools． For nearly 100 years ， public schools in Hawaii did not teach the Hawaiian language． Now students can keep learning in Hawaiian from elementary schools to college and beyond．
5. At least one did． In 1881 ， a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben﹣Yehuda brought the 3 ，000﹣year﹣old language Hebrew back to life． Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel， with more than 4million speakers．
A．The last person who spoke it died in 2008．
B．Why should we save endangered languages
C．Various animals and plants benefit our environment．
D．With just 5 speakers left ， it is absolutely endangered．
E．Can a language with zero native speakers come back to life
F．Sometimes societies force minorities to give up their language．
G． The non﹣profit group finds native speakers and records their stories．
Kong Qiu,better known as Confucius, was born in 551 B. C. , in the Lu state of China. His teachings, preserved in " Lunyu ", focused on creating models for good behavior and setting educational standards. He died in 479 B. C. Confucianism later became the official philosophy of the Chinese empire, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.
Little is known of Confucius ' childhood. " Records of the Historian" , written by Ssu-ma Chi’en,offers the most detailed account of Confucius ' life. However, some modem histonans question its accuracy,regarding it as myth, not fact. The book says that Confucius was born into a royal family while others say that Confucius was bom into poverty. One fact is clear, though: Confucius lived during a time of great trouble in China.
Over 2 ,500 years ago , China ' s Chou Empire began to fall apart. Warring Chinese states caused it to break down. Traditional Chinese values then began to decline. Confucius saw this as an opportunity to strengthen the old Chinese values and customs. His ideas were based on the principle of " ren" or "loving others" while practicing self-control. He believed that ren could be put into action using the Golden Rule. The Golden Rule is" do not do to others what you do not wish for yourself. "
Confucius ' political beliefs were likewise based on the concept of self-control. He believed that a leader should stay humble and treat his followers with care. In doing so, he would lead by positive example. According to Confucius,leaders could motivate their subjects to follow the law by teaching them virtue.
His philosophy of education focused on the " Six Arts". To Confucius, the main objective of being an educator was to teach people to be honest and kind. He tried to encourage people to be more polite to each other.
By the second century B. C. , during China ' s first Han Dynasty, his ideas became the foundation for the state government. Today, he is widely considered one of the most influential teachers in Chinese history.
1.Confucius would be MOST likely to agree that the purpose of education is
A. to have rich knowledge. B. to live a good moral life.
C. to gain wealth and power . D. to learn six core subjects.
2.Each of the following affected Confucius ' ideas EXCEPT .
A. the Han Dynasty . B. the Chou Dynasty.
C. traditional Chinese values . D. the war time experience.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Confucius led a bitter life in his childhood.
B. Traditional values were gone because of the end of Chou.
C. Confucius ' ideas influenced the leadership of the country.
D. Confucius devotedly promoted ideas contrary to traditional ones.
4.Self-control is central to Confucius ' philosophy because _________ .
A. it is the basis of the state government.
B. it is the foundation of the Golden Rule.
C. it is necessary to be a productive philosopher.
D. it helps people be humble and set an example.
Humans have uniquely expressive faces. We laugh, we cry, we turn red with feeling. Now, scientists report that blue-and-yellow macaws(金刚鹦鹉) may join us in this club of emotions – at least,when it comes to blushing.
Parrots are known for being clever and chatty. They ' re even skilled enough to make their own tools and occasionally nose their way into human machines like cars. Their curiosity and courage are what make them excellent pets. So it ' s no surprise that they have their own range of communication tools. On the whole, birds are no strangers to blushing. Many different kinds of birds have been known to exhibit this hehavior. Parrot owners often notice it in their pets. The motivations behind it are still a mystery to scientists , though.
To zero in on why macaw faces blush,some scientists led by Aline Bertin of the University of Tours studied five captive blue-and-yellow macaws as they interacted with each other and their human caretakers. They were amazed to see that human attention seemed to make the macaws blush. The blushing died down when the caretakers ignored the parrots.
Facial expressions can be signs of a human ' s emotional state. Likewise, bird blushing could convey well-being. It' s not quite as obvious as smiling. Still, it ' s fairly impressive. After all, these macaws don' t have the same facial muscles that we do. The birds are much smarter and kinder than they look. They are believed to be as intelligent as monkeys.
Bertin and the other scientists believe their work opens the door to further research. One limitation of the study is that no macaws in natural environment have been observed. That makes it hard to draw conclusions about the birds as a species. They are also not quite sure what the blushing means. There is still more to learn about these possible expressions of emotion.
1.Which of the following best explains" captive" in paragraph 3 ?
A. Unique. B. Talkative.
C. Curious. D. Caged.
2.Birds might blush_____________.
A. when people ignore them . B. to show they are happy.
C. to show they are hungry . D. when something upsets them.
3.What is TRUE about scientists ' reaction to macaws blushing?
A. They are puzzled by how birds can communicate with one another.
B. They are motivated to continue studying how macaws express emotion.
C. They are curious about why other birds are unable to convey emotion.
D. They are interested to study monkeys to see if they blush as strongly.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A. Parrots make excellent pets.
B. Parrots are skilled to make tools.
C. The macaws can communicate with each other.
D. The macaws can go red in the face with feeling.
We humans are sweet on sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It ' s the fuel that powers our cells. So it' s not surprising that we ' re born to want the sweet stuff.
Sugar stores the sun' s energy like a battery. After a meal,your body breaks down foods into their building blocks. It uses some sugars for energy right away. The rest get stored for the body to break down later. It ' s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That ' s because the sugars in sweet foods are easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods,like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugars down.
These days it' s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy , such as yogurt,can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar,because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar everyday. That' s way more than what is good for us.
Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomach-ache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. However, experts aren ' t worried about naturally sweet foods- the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy a sweet apple or even a sugar-rich carrot that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.
Even cake is great once in a while , as long as you don ' t overdo it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!
1.The first two paragraphs are mainly developed by _'
A. cause and effect. B. problem and solution.
C. giving examples . D. making comparisons.
2.People may be tncked into eating too much sugar because .
A. no one wants life to be boring.
B. we ' re born to want the sweet stuff.
C. so-called healthy food can be packed with sugar.
D. sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the Earth.
3.What does the author want to stress in Para. 4?
A. We' d better say no to sweet foods.
B. Experts are worried about added sugar.
C. Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.
D. We ' d better consume sugar from natural sources.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Sugar Is Everywhere. B. Sugar Brings Happiness.
C. Why Does Sugar Taste So good? D. Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat?
