Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze(迷宫).The maze was a different place each time they tired—making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and an half were told to take a short nap . Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams after sleeping—and they were awakened within a minute of sleeping to describe their dreams. Stickgold, a neuroscientist(神经科学家),wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren’t moving during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working ; Others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn’t help a person learn—it’s the other way around.He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn’t take a nap, didn’t show the same improvement.
1.After having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to____.
A. stay in a different place in the maze
B. try to remember something about their dreams
C. design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through
D. get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place
2.What can we learn from the text?
A. Participants who took a nap were required to express their thoughts.
B. Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.
C. Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.
D. Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster.
3.According to Stickgold, ____.
A. every person may dream about what they learned
B. once people's eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about something
C. people's brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams
D. no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people's life
4.What is the best title for this text?
A. Dreams Are Strange.
B. Not All Dreams Are True.
C. Dreaming Makes Perfect.
D. Stickgold, a Dream Expert.
Welcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences (住所) of the Queen, who sometimes stays here.
Audio tours
Free audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors.
Guided tours
Visitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments.
Visitors with children
For those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safety reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow.
St George’s Chapel
Visitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from march to October are advised to visit St George’s Chapel first before it closes.
Shopping
Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service.
Refreshments
Bottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. From April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permits in the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel.
Photography and mobile phones
Non-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Mobile phone must be switched off inside the State Apartments and St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors.
Security
As Winter Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route.
1.Who can get re-entry permits?
A. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.
B. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.
C. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.
D. Visitors eating outside St George’s Chapel.
2.Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phone?
A. To prevent them from disturbing others.
B. To ensure the safety of others.
C. To ensure the security of the Castle.
D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.
3.In the last part, a "working royal palace" refers to one ________.
A. where the Queen usually works
B. where works of art are on show
C. still being constructed
D. still used by the royal family
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What do we know about the Plaza Leon?
A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s a public place.
2.When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon?
A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays.
3.Which street is known for its food shops and markets?
A. Via Del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hernandes Street.
4.Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best?
A. It has an old stone surface.
B. It is named after a writer.
C. It has a famous university.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant?
A. Where the restaurant is.
B. Whether the prices are low.
C. How well the food is prepared.
2.When did Jan begin to write for a magazine?
A. After he came back to Sweden.
B. Before he went to the United States.
C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982.
3.What may Jan do to find a good restaurant?
A. Talk to people in the street.
B. Speak to taxi drivers.
C. Ask hotel clerks.
4.What do we know about Jan?
A. He cooks for a restaurant.
B. He travels a lot for his work.
C. He prefers American food.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Why does the man call the woman?
A. To tell her about her new job.
B. To ask about her job program.
C. To plan a meeting with her.
2.Who needs a new flat?
A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda.
3.Where is the woman now?
A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?
A. She has to give up her travel plan.
B. She wants to visit another city.
C. She needs to put off her test.
2.What does Diana want Peter to do?
A. Help her with her study.
B. Take a book to her friend.
C. Teach a geography lesson.
