Question

In many countries, it is important to have many children. In the US, a few religious groups emphasize（强调） the importance of large families, but most people think one or two children are enough, and many couples have no children.1. Having many children would restrict the freedom and individualism（个人主义） of the parents as well as the other children in the family.

Parents teach individualism by the way they raise their children.2. Parents begin teaching this self-reliance (自力更生)early , asking the child to do things on her own and praising her when she does.

3. They bring their children with them to church , to sporting events, to stores, and to social events.However , many places, such as expensive restaurants and live theatre productions , do not welcome children.Most formal social gatherings , those with written invitations do not welcome children either.

Children, especially boys are expected to be energetic and assertive(果敢的). 4.  Parents are expected to keep their children under control at all times, particularly in public places and in the homes of others.When a child misbehaves , only the child's parents may discipline him.5. Most parents discipline（训导） their children by rewarding good behaviors, not by punishing bad behaviors.While a spanking（掴） , a slap to the child's buttocks(屁股)， is acceptable to some people, any punishment that wounds the child or leaves a mark is considered child abuse and is against the law.

A.The relationship between American parents and their children is harmony.

B.That doesn't mean, though, that they are allowed to "run wild" in public.

C.Because taking care of a child is very costly, financially, emotionally, and socially,  many couples view large families as a disadvantage.

D.Other adults should not interfere （干涉）unless the child is doing something which may be harmful to himself.

E.American children are expected to accept invitations to a formal party.

F.Many parents want to expose（使暴露） their children to a variety of situations.

G.They want to create a self-reliant, independent child, who can make it on her own by age eighteen.

Answer

1. C

2. G

3. F

4. B

5. D

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。在很多国家，有很多孩子是重要的。但是多生孩子会限制父母和家庭其他孩子的自由和个人主义。父母通过养育孩子的方式来教授个人主义。

1.上文提示“在美国，少数宗教团体强调大家庭的重要性，但大多数人认为一两个孩子就足够了，许多夫妇没有孩子。”承接上文，C项Because taking care of a child is very costly, financially, emotionally, and socially, many couples view large families as a disadvantage.（因为照顾孩子在经济上、情感上和社会上都是非常昂贵的，所以许多夫妇认为大家庭是一种劣势。）切题。故选C。

2.上文提示“父母通过养育孩子的方式来教授个人主义。”承接上文，G项They want to create a self-reliant, independent child, who can make it on her own by age eighteen.（他们想要创造一个自力更生、独立自主的孩子，让她在18岁之前独立生活。）切题。故选G。

3.下文提示“他们带着他们的孩子去教堂，参加体育比赛，去商店，参加社交活动。”承接下文，F项Many parents want to expose（使暴露） their children to a variety of situations.（许多父母想让他们的孩子接触各种各样的情况。）切题。故选F。

4.上文提示“孩子，尤其是男孩，被期望是精力充沛和自信的。”承接上文，B项That doesn't mean, though, that they are allowed to "run wild" in public.（但这并不意味着他们可以在公共场合“胡闹”。）切题。该项中的though“然而”，表示转折，将上下句有机地串联在一起。故选B。

5.上文提示“当孩子行为不端时，只有孩子的父母可以管教他。”承接上文，D项Other adults should not interfere （干涉）unless the child is doing something which may be harmful to himself.（其他成年人不应该干预，除非孩子正在做可能对自己有害的事情。）切题。该项中的Other adults与上文的only the child's parents相吻合。故选D。