Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria(疟疾) medicine. The 84-year-old’s route to the honour has been anything but traditional. In China, she is being called the "three nos" winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas.
In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease, spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit “Mission 523 “was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 523”.
“Mission523” read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, more than 240,000 compounds(化合物) around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood(青蒿), which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team took out one active compound in wormwood, and then tested it. But nothingwas effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she changed the drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point.
After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion. One former colleague, Lianda Li, says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”, adding that “if she disagrees with something, she will say it.”
Another colleague, Fuming Liao, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives.
1.According to Para. I, we can learn that .
A. Tu is the first woman to win a Nobel Prize
B. Tu has a medical degree
C. Tu’s road to success is not traditional
D. Tu discovered a cure for malaria
2.The underlined word “decimating” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by .
A. encouraging B. killing C. annoying D. benefiting
3.Which of the following statements is true?
A. Tu first invented the idea of using sweet wormwood as a cure.
B. Tu was inspired by medical textbooks published in northern Vietnam.
C. The compound needs to be heated to the boiling point to be effective.
D. Over 240,000 compounds were proved ineffective before Tu’s search.
4.Tu Youyou can be best described as a person.
A. devoted and stubborn B. straightforward and mean
C. considerate and tough D. sociable and generous
Welcome to the British Museum, the grandest and the most spectacular of human history. The admission is free and we open every day from 10:00 to 15:30. You can explore 10 departments including:
The Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas
The collection of the Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas includes around 350,000 objects. The scope of the collection is contemporary, and historical. It includes most of Africa, the Pacific and Australia, as well as the Americas. All of the collections were got during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and date from this time.
The Department of Asia
The Department of Asia covers the material and visual cultures of Asia – a vast geographical area of Japan, Korea, China, Central Asia, Afghanistan, South Asia and South-East Asia. The collection dates from about 4000 BC, to the present day. It represents the cultures and ways of life of local people and other minority groups.
The Department of Greek and Roman Empires
The Department of Greek and Roman Empires features antiquities (古董). It has one of the most comprehensive collections of antiquities from the Classical world, with over 100,000 objects. These mostly range in date from the beginning of the Greek Bronze Age (about 3200BC) to the time of the Roman emperor Constantine in the fourth century AD.
1.The scope of the Department of Africa, Oceania and Americas doesn’t include .
A. Africa B. the South America C. Australia D. Britain
2.The earliest collection is from .
A. The Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas
B. The Department of Greek and Roman Empires
C. The Department of Asia
D. All of the above
3.The Department of Asia represents .
A. the geographic features of Asia
B. the life styles and cultural traditions of some peoples
C. the relationships between Asian countries
D. the cultural fights between some native groups
Here’s a surprising fact: Of the 1.1 million firefighters in the United States, about 780,000 are volunteers. Roughly a third of the population is ________ by mostly- or all-volunteer fire departments.
Also ________ , perhaps. Sometimes they have to pay for their own gear.
I _______ this because I volunteer as a firefighter in Durango, Colorado. I responded to more than 50 calls in 2014, everything from _________ to car accidents. In that period, I spent close to $1,000 on optional gear not supplied by my _________ , things like higher-quality flashlights, knives, and better gloves, which make my ________ easier.
Yesterday, a ________ was introduced in Congress that would give a significant tax break to those who volunteer their time as _________ responders. I hope it passes, not because it will put some money in my pocket （___________）, hey, that’ll be nice) but because it will ease the financial burden on volunteers and acknowledge their time commitment. I believe it will ________ more people to help.
And we _______ that.
In _________ areas where population density is low and calls for fire and EMS services are relatively rare, it just doesn’t _________ to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7 (全天候). ________ , volunteers are used to fill in the _________. We are ready to put our regular lives aside to help someone on what is the _________ day of their life. We have likely never met before, and might never again, but it doesn’t _______ in a crisis. Without volunteers, the whole system would collapse.
There’s a T-shirt that’s popular among us, reading “For Pride, Not _______.” We volunteer because we know our _________ need us. We don’t need a small tax break. Without one, we’ll still put on our gear when the alarm goes off without any ________ . But we’d appreciate one, and if it encourages more people to join us, it’s worth it.
1.A. taught B. inspired C. supported D. protected
2.A. surprising B. amusing C. pleasing D. worrying
3.A. appreciate B. know C. prove D. analyze
4.A. wildfires B. wars C. lightning D. embarrassments
5.A. company B. department C. team D. family
6.A. manner B. life C. project D. job
7.A. guest B. politician C. bill D. word
8.A. wise B. proud C. same D. first
9.A. so B. when C. though D. because
10.A. encourage B. persuade C. invite D. allow
11.A. neglect B. need C. predict D. admit
12.A. dark B. rural C. dirty D. cold
13.A. end up B. stand out C. work out D. make sense
14.A. Recently B. Quickly C. Instead D. Besides
15.A. time B. hole C. form D. gap
16.A. busiest B. hottest C. worst D. shortest
17.A. matter B. pass C. exist D. happen
18.A. Satisfaction B. Pay C. Strength D. Education
19.A. communities B. neighbors C. children D. patients
20.A. disappointment B. trouble C. hesitation D. anxiety
With lots of new words_____, he decides to read them every morning. His teacher said,“only if_____doing it_____make it .”
A. to recite; you keep on ; can you B. to recite; do you keep on , can you
C. recited; do you keep on; you can D. recited ; you keep on; you can
From his_____face, we could tell how_____the movie was.
A. terrifying, thrilling B. terrifying, thrilled C. terrified, thrilling D. terrified, thrilled
A special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into the cause of the train accident, and the investigation suggested that high speed______.
A. was to be blamed B. was to blame
C. should be to blamed D. should be to blame
