People can't see you when you're speaking on the phone，but they can hear you.So，the way you speak is especially important.In fact，researchers have calculated that 80% of communication over the phone is through your tone of voice； and only 20% is from the words you use.Here are our top tips on how to speak over the phone.
1.Facial Expressions
Your facial expression can influence your voice.For example，if you smile，your voice will sound warm and friendly，just the opposite，if you have an angry look on your face，it can make you sound unpleasant.
2.Volume
If you speak too loudly，you could sound angry.And if you speak too softly，it'll be difficult to hear you.So，speak loudly enough to be heard clearly，but not so loud that you're shouting.
3.Pace
The pace of your voice is how quickly you speak.And this can show how you feel.For example，an angry person might speak faster than normal.Or a downhearted person might speak very slowly.Try speaking a little more slowly than normal.This will make you sound confident，and it'll make it easier for the other person to understand you.
4.Gestures
Gesturing can influence the tone of your voice.When you gesture，you bring more air into the lungs，which can make your voice sound warmer.Gestures are also useful to help you stress the right words or even find the words you need.The best thing about gesturing during a phone call is that no one can see what you're doing，so you can gesture as wildly as you like!
5.Movement
If you're feeling nervous，stand up and move around.It will reduce the nervousness in your body and help your voice to sound more confident.
6.Pauses （停顿）
Using pauses every now and then can help you to slow down.This will make you sound more confident and in control.Also，if you pause after giving some new information，it'll give the other person time to understand it.At the same time，listen to how the other person uses pauses.They could tell you something about the speaker's feeling.For example，when a speaker is really angry，he might use pauses and says，"I…am…so…angry…"
1.How much of telephone communication is from the words you use？
A. 20%. B. 40%. C. 60%. D. 80%.
2.What can people do to reduce their nervousness on the phone？
A. Gesture wildly. B. Move around.
C. Raise their voices. D. Make facial expressions.
3.How can pauses help people talk on the phone？
A. The speaker can show he is friendly.
B. The speaker can tell more information.
C. The listener will feel confident and in control.
D. The listener will have time to understand the words.
4.What is the passage mainly about？
A. How to control the speed of your speech.
B. Different good ways of talking on the phone.
C. Reasons of making gestures while talking.
D. How to improve communication among friends.
5.What is the writer's opinion about telephone talk？
A. Your voice on the phone will show what you're feeling.
B. Using too many pauses while talking will annoy others.
C. Speaking loudly makes it easier for others to understand you.
D. The words you use are more important than the way you speak.
Libraries
Public libraries
Most towns in Britain have a public library.A library usually has a large selection of books and other resources，which library members can use and borrow for free.
Britain's First Public Library
The first public library in Britain opened in Manchester in1852.It's first librarian was a man called Edward Edwards，Edwards attended the library's opening ceremony and two famous writers called Charles Dickens and William Thackeray were there too.
How to Join a Library
To join a library，go to your local library and fill in a form.you'll receive a library card which is needed when using library services.
Mobile Libraries
Not everyone can get a library.Some people live far away from towns and cities.Other people find it difficult to go out because they have an illness or a disability.Thanks to mobile libraries，these people can still borrow books.
Unlike most libraries，which store books in buildings，mobile libraries usually keep their books in a mini-bus.The back of the mini﹣bus has shelves for the books，and it is big enough for borrowers to step inside and look around.A driver takes the mini-bus to a certain place at a certain time，so people know when to expect it.They can then return their books and borrow some more.
All Aboard the Library!
A school in London didn't have space for a library inside the building.However，everybody agreed that it was still important to have a school library.So the head of the school，Graham Blake decided to park an old bus on the school car park and changed it into a library.Pupils helped to paint the bus，and after eight months，the new library was ready.
1.Who was the first librarian of the first public library in Britain？
A. Charles Dickens. B. William Thackeray.
C. Edward Edwards. D. Graham Blake.
2.Who can use public library services？
A. CD or DVD sellers. B. Anyone living in Britain.
C. A person with a library card. D. Newspaper or book writers.
3.What is special about the mobile library？
A. Keeping books in buildings.
B. Returning books to readers.
C. Offering special services to pupils.
D. Going to a certain place at a certain time.
4.Why did the school in London build its library on an old bus？
A. Because parents offered the school an old bus.
B. Because pupils thought it was fun to read on a bus.
C. Because the school didn't have enough money to buy books.
D. Because the school didn't have enough space inside the building.
5.What can we learn from the passage？
A. Schools in London like mobile libraries.
B. Public library services in the UK are free.
C. People living far away can't use libraries.
D. Many famous British writers lived in Manchester.
Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world.However，his invention has changed our lives.
He was born in London，England in 1955.When he was a small boy，Tim was interested in playing with electrical things.He studied science at Oxford University.He made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21.
Tim started working on early computers.At that time，they were much bigger than now.He worked in England then Switzerland.Tim was really interested in two things，computers and how the brain works.How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly？He had to work with people all over the world.They shared information about computers.It was hard to manage all the information.He answered the same questions again and again.It took a lot of time.It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information.Tim also forgot things easily.Could a computer work like a brain？Could it "talk" to other computers？
There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use.In 1989，Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web（WWW）all by himself.This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet.When people wanted to share information with others，they used the World Wide Web.The Internet grew quickly after that.
Tim Berners-Lee doesn't think he did anything special.He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there.All he did was to put them together.He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.
Most inventors want to become rich.But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing.He now works in America.He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use.Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!
1.What was Tim Berners﹣Lee interested in？
A. Looking for jobs in different cities.
B. Talking to people around the world.
C. Studying how to connect computers.
D. Exploring how to improve memory.
2.The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refers to"__________".
A. Working on early computers
B. Connecting different facts together
C. Travelling to the office in Switzerland
D. Repeating the answers to the same questions
3.Why is Tim Berners﹣Lee one of the most important men in the world？
A. He made information sharing on the Internet possible.
B. He made the first computer when he was 21 years old.
C. He helped people understand better how the brain works.
D. He invented the Internet and made it free for everyone to use.
4.In what order did the following events take place？
a.Tim worked in England.
b.Tim worked in Switzerland.
c.Tim made his first computer.
d.Tim invented the World Wide Web.
e.Tim studied science at Oxford University.
A. c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣b B. e﹣b﹣a﹣c﹣d
C. c﹣d﹣a﹣e﹣b D. e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d
5.What does the writer think of Tim Berners﹣Lee？
A. He is not famous because he is not rich.
B. He has changed our lives and he is great.
C. He did nothing special but make people a good life.
D. He has made great achievements in memory research.
We often hear stories of animals rescuing people.But now someone has managed to return the favor.
The event took place one snowy January morning Thomas Smith was walking his dog，Jack，in the park."As I was walking，I just saw Jack running onto the ice towards the ducks in the middle，and then he fell into the water and couldn't climb out，"said Smith.He realized he had no choice but to try and save his dog."someone else told me the lake was only one-meter deep，but it was at least twice that.I had to break my way through the 6-cm ice.Finally，I got Jack by the neck，and pulled him out.I don't think I have ever felt so cold by the time we got back to dry land.And when we got there，everyone was asking if Jack was okay no one was particularly worried，about me!"
A neighbor，Julie Brown，saw it all happen."The dog went onto an icy lake.All of a sudden，it started to go under.There were crowds of people around，and they were all shouting and screaming.Before I knew it，the owner Smith was in the water forcing his way through the ice.I can't begin to imagine how cold it was.Everyone was very nervous，but he was as cool as a cucumber he just crawled back out，put the dog on its lead，and went home."
Many regard him as a hero，but Mr.Smith is quite laid﹣back about it."Most dog owners are the same as me.They would do what I did without a second thought.But in the future，I'm going to make sure he's on lead near any ice ponds，Pets are members of our family.Would you do the same for them？
1.What happened on a cold January morning?
A. Mr.Smith met Jack in the park.
B. Mr.Smith ran after Jack on the ice.
C. Jack fell from the ice into the water.
D. Jack played with the ducks in the water.
2.How did Mr.Smith save Jack？
A. He asked a neighbor for help.
B. He broke the ice and shouted to Jack.
C. He got Jack by the leg and pulled him out.
D. He pulled Jack out of the icy water by the neck.
3.The underlined phrases" as cool as a cucumber" in Paragraph 3 means"________".
A. relaxed B. proud C. shy D. brave
4.In the last paragraph，the writer asks a question to _________.
A. suggest keeping pets for fun.
B. remind people to put their dogs on the leads.
C. encourage people to take good care of their pets.
D. advise people not to leave their dog near icy pounds.
5.What is the best title of the passage?
A. A Man's Pet Dog B. A Dog's Best Friend
C. The Danger on the Icy Lake D. Suggestions for Pets' Owners.
More than 700 years ago，Scotland was fighting with England.The king of England wanted to ______ Scotland.He had a strong army so it was ______ for the Scots to fight.They lost many times，King Robert of Scotland had to run from the English army.
One rainy day，King Robert lay in an old house.He thought that he was not good enough to be king.He was so ______ that he didn't even see a spider（蜘蛛）near him.He ______ when he saw the spider climbing.It was trying to climb up its web at the top of the house but it fell down.
"How sad," thought King Robert."The spider is like me.It's not ______ enough."He watched while the spider climbed up again.It fell down a second time.
"Be careful，little spider，or you might die，"he said."Life is so hard.You'll never get back to your web."But the spider ______ again and again.King Robert watched while it ______ climbed back to its web.After an hour，the spider got to the web.
"You are such a great ______，"he said."If you can keep trying.I can too.I must keep on fighting.I won't let the English win."His ______ grew strong and they ______ the English army.Scotland was free.
Nobody knows if this is a true story.Many parents tell it to their children because they want them to keep trying.
1.A. leave B. control C. help D. visit
2.A. interesting B. difficult C. important D. necessary
3.A. surprised B. bored C. worried D. lonely
4.A. looked ahead B. looked out C. looked on D. looked up
5.A. old B. strong C. fast D. free
6.A. tried B. fell C. practiced D. cheered
7.A. finally B. easily C. slowly D. suddenly
8.A. player B. fighter C. soldier D. spider
9.A. army B. feeling C. opinions D. family
10.A. kept B. raised C. stopped D. joined
"I'm going shopping in the village，"George's mother said to George on Saturday morning."So be a good boy and don't get into trouble.And don't forget ______ good care of Grandma."Then out she went.
Grandma ______ in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and said，"Now you heard ______ your mother said，George."
"Yes，Grandma，"George said.
George was bored to tears.He didn't have a brother or a sister.His father was a farmer，and ______ farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere ______there were never any children to play with.He was tired of staring at ______ pigs，hens，cows and sheep.He was especially tired of having to live in the house with his grandma.Looking after her all by himself was hardly ______ way to spend a Saturday morning.
"Go and make me a cup of tea for a start，______ sugar and milk."Grandma said.Most grandmothers are lovely，kind，helpful old ladies，but not this one.George's grandma was a woman ______ was always complaining about something or other.She spent all day ______ on her chair by the window.George ______ that Grandma used to be a gentle lady，but as she grew older，she was not able to look after herself and even worse，she was easy to get angry.
"We ______ be nice to the old，George，"His mother always told him.
Thinking of this，George ______ into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag.He put one spoon of sugar and ______ milk in it.He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room ______.
1.A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes
2.A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. was sleeping
3.A. that B. what C. where D. which
4.A. a B. an C. the D. /
5.A. but B. if C. or D. so
6.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundredth D. hundreds of
7.A. exciting B. the most exciting C. more exciting D. much more exciting
8.A. in B. with C. of D. for
9.A. who B. which C. where D. when
10.A. sitting B. sits C. sit D. sat
11.A. tell B. told C. was told D. has told
12.A. should B. would C. might D. can
13.A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone
14.A. many B. any C. few D. some
15.A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless
