Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors(传感器) and artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.
Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles.
From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units（RSUs）about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network. A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize(制定策略) and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviours. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.
Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behaviour.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles.
B. The importance of artificial intelligence of self-driving vehicles.
C. The reasons for developing communication between self-driving vehicles.
D. The research about applications for self-driving vehicles.
2.What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Alarm. B. Blame.
C. Ignore. D. Govern.
3.What can we learn about roadside units (RSUs)?
A. They recognize the vehicles on the road.
B. They can improve bad road conditions.
C. They take control of the passing vehicles.
D. They serve as efficient information stations.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A. Different kinds of vehicle communication.
B. Importance of high level AI.
C. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication.
D. Ways to improve our communication with vehicles.
Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.
I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.
Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates(候选人) and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out.
After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.
Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.
1.What do we know about the author in Paragraph 1?
A. His college degree focused on something not so practical.
B. His dream at university was to become a volunteer.
C. He took pride in having contributed to the world.
D. He didn’t like English literature.
2.According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author____.
A. didn’t tell his family about his decision
B. asked previous volunteers about voluntary work
C. attended special training to perform difficult tasks
D. felt sad about having to leave his family and friends
3.In his application for the volunteer job, the author____.
A. went through challenging survival tests
B. participated in many interviews
C. wrote quite a few papers on voluntary work
D. faced strong competition from other candidates
4.What can we infer from the author’s experiences in Nigeria?
A. He had learned to communicate in the local language.
B. He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.
C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.
D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.
Step into Wonderland and follow any of the many tracks around Kinabalu Park. Even though it is the most explored and studied place in Borneo, new discoveries of rare plants are frequently being made here.
So take a map and set off on your own or follow Park Naturalists as they take you on guided path walks and point out the various wonders. There are also visual shows advertising rare plants and animals here. If you are a first time visitor, sign up for these shows and you’ll be excited when you find yourself identifying(识别，辨认) the same plants and animals on your walks or during your climb up Mt. Kinabalu.
Mt. Kinabalu Botanical Garden is one of the biggest attractions at the park, which started in 1981. This 5 –acre garden is an excellent collection of different kinds of plants on the mountain, as plants from all over the park have been replanted here. There are hotels, inns and chalets(小木屋) at Kinabalu Park to suit one’s budget. For more information, click www.sabahtourism.com.
PLACE OF INTEREST | TIME (HRS) |
1. KINABALU PARK HQ: Botanical Garden Guided Walk Slide Show |
9:00 - 15:00 11:00 14:00 (and 19:30 on weekends) |
2. PORING Butterfly Farm Tropical Garden Night Walk |
9:00 - 16:00 13:30 By Prior (提前) Arrangement Only |
3.MESILAU Guided Nature Walk | 9:30, 11:00, 14:00 Monday to Friday 7:30, 10:30, 14:00 Saturday and Sunday |
4. KUNDASANG WAR MEMORIAL Memorial Services and Special Programmes | 10:00-17:00 Daily (Monday to Sunday) By Prior Arrangement |
Note: Adult: $ 20. Kid under twelve: 50% off Family including two adults and a kid under twelve: $40. |
1.It can be learnt that_____.
A. Mt. Kinabalu is a more explored and studied area than Borneo
B. there’re still some unknown rare plants in Kinabalu Park
C. Mt. Kinabalu Botanical Garden attracts visitors due to its long history
D. visitors should must the Park Naturalists so as not to get lost
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Botanical Garden and Butterfly Farm open at the same time
B. Guided Nature Walk is a favorite of first time visitors
C. Slide Show is unavailable unless it is arranged in advance
D. Visitors can have access to Night Walk anytime they wish
3.If a couple visit the Park with their son aged 19, how much should they pay?
A. $30. B. $40.
C. $50. D. $60
假定你是李华，你们班级的节目"哈姆雷特（Hamlet）"将参加下个月学校"英语文化节"话剧drama比赛，你给度假中的外教Mr．Hurst写一封电子邮件，并附上节目录像，请他给予你相关的指导．
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Mr. Hurst，
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
LiHua.
短文改错
Nowadays we can still see some behaviors against public morals. As was often the case, people tend to talk loud in public places annoyed others around. Spitting and littering rubbish can be seen anywhere. Besides, it’s common that the young or middle-aged sit on the bus when the elderly have to stand. Measure must be taken to change this situation. First of all, as students, we should manage our own behaviors but help people around you form good habits. Meanwhile, it is necessary for the government and some organizations to encourage people to behave proper. Don’t undervalue the role we can play with. Do remember we can make difference! Take action right now!
阅读下面短文，在空白处用一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience. Those programs, ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows 1.(receive) both commercial success and public attention.
Their popularity is 2.(main) based on simple facts. First, they care 3. social concerns. Second, without exception, they explore 4. perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.
Despite apparent highlights, much room 5.(leave) for improvement. Above all, commercial interests often outweigh educational purposes, causing many 6.(complaint) about the 7.(bearable) advertisements. In addition, some sharp remarks, 8. they are eye-catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.
In my opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 9.(entertain) the public. 10. is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions. Meanwhile, the media should also safeguard the values of our society.
