The current Ebola (埃博拉病毒)outbreak in western and central Africa has infected at least 3,069 people, including 1,552 dead, making it the largest outbreak in history. Ebola is a deadly virus-about 60 percent of people infected with it have died.
How is Ebola doing its harm?
When a person becomes infected with Ebola, the virus damages the body’s immune (免疫的)cells, which defend against infection, said a researcher at Lancaster University. But if a person’s immune system can stand up to this attack, then he is more likely to survive the disease.
The patients that survive it best are those who don’t get such a bad disadvantage in immune system. But if the body isn’t able to get rid of this attack, then the immune system becomes less able to regulate(调节) itself. This means the immune system is more likely to run out of control, leading to a drop in blood pressure, multi-organ failure and eventually death.
What are the common symptoms of the disease?
Fever. Headache. Joint and muscle aches. Weakness. Diarrhea. Vomiting. Stomach pain. Lack of appetite. Chills. Rash. Redness in the eyes. Hiccups. Cough. Sore throat. Chest pain. Difficult breathing or swallowing. Bleeding inside and outside of the body.
How to prevent the spread of Ebola?
Ebola can be spread primarily via direct contact with patients, specifically the blood and fluids of an infected patient.
We should avoid contact with infected patients and objects such as clothing, bedding, and needles used by them. Avoid areas where infections have been reported. For now, the disease has only been confirmed in central and West Africa, four cases in America and Europe. Avoid eating wild-caught bush meat. Researchers have suspected that the disease came to humans via animals, probably through the meat of primates(灵长类). If you’re in an area where the disease has been reported, avoid purchasing, eating, or handling wild game to stay on the safe side.
Wear protective medical clothing if you’re around infected patients. Extreme caution is necessary. Hospital workers must use masks, gloves, goggles, and gowns, which needed to be worn at all times if you’re around infected patients.
How Do People Survive Ebola?
Doctors don’t know for certain who will survive Ebola, and there is no specific treatment or cure for the disease. Although in the minority, some people do recover from infection.
Our suggestions include:
Maintain your electrolytes(电解质) and body liquid. Sports drinks can be used. Monitor your blood pressure and control it if necessary. Dropping blood pressure may be a serious sign of infection. Breathe in an oxygen-rich environment. Quickly address any symptoms of infection. Be honest about when and where you’re feeling pain.
1.Ebola causes the death of a human being by .
A. attacking him with high fever B. regulating his immune system
C. damaging his immune cells D. harming all his organs directly
2.What is NOT mentioned as the symptom of Ebola?
A. Fever and chills B. Swallowing difficulty
C. Lack of appetite D. High blood pressure
3.In order not to be infected by Ebola, we should .
A. have the clothing of the infected cleaned
B. avoid eating wild animals like monkeys
C. not travel to Africa, America or Europe
D. stay at home without going anywhere
4.It is true that .
A. a certain number of people survive Ebola
B. human has found a special cure for Ebola
C. oxygen can save infected people’s lives
D. low blood pressure is surely caused by Ebola
My mom takes pride in the fact that I was talking in three and four word sentences before I was ten months old. Some say it’s a gift while others simply think I talk too much.
As my thirties came to a close, I found myself reflecting on my life. I’m very happy and have no significant regrets. However, when I looked back on those times of difficulty, I saw a clear common denominator(特征); I didn’t seem to know when to stop talking. Whether it was hurting someone’s feelings, or having carelessly told a secret, the incident could have been avoided had I closed my mouth sooner. So I decided to practice the power of quiet.
To take this step, I needed to understand how people could sit comfortably in a group and not talk. Why does my husband feel completely content to say nothing in a conversation? He’s highly intelligent and has wonderful opinions but he’ll sit quietly and just listen. Even when he’s asked a pointed question, he’ll answer with few words while still communicating effectively. What a talent!
Can you imagine being happy just listening? In surveying those I know who talk less than I do, I got two answers—they either didn’t feel confident enough to speak up, or they just didn’t feel the need to participate in the conversation. Of course there were other reasons for not talking, but these were the two most popular answers.
The first one didn’t work for me. I’m just fine letting people know what I think about them, and hopefully it will make the conversation much more interesting. The second one didn’t work either. I do feel the need to participate. I feel it physically like an electrical pulse through my body; sometimes it’s so strong that it causes me to behave badly in the form of interrupting or speaking in an unusually loud voice. I had to look further.
An interesting thing happened on this journey to the power of quiet. During my weekly yoga class, it came to me like an answer so clear that the words rang in my head like soft, heavenly bells.
I talked too much so people would know I cared about them. It was my way of taking care of those I love. I decided before my fortieth birthday, that from that day forward, those around me would know I loved them, and cared what they thought and felt, but I was going to practice the power of quiet.
As my forty-second birthday approaches, I can say that deciding to talk less has been more about focusing on quality rather than quantity. I’ve found that listening more shows those who I care about that I really do care how they feel. Now when I break in, it means more to them. Oh, sure, I still have my short periods of talking too much, but for the most part this has been one resolution that I can call a success.
1.In Paragraph 3 the writer mentions her husband mainly ______.
A. to show how one communicates effectively
B. to explain the reason for his silence in a conversation
C. to give an example of those who have the power of quiet
D. to give her high opinion of his communication skills
2.By “I had to look further”, the writer means she had to ______.
A. look into the future in order to succeed in practicing the power of quiet
B. try harder to prevent herself from talking too much
C. survey people in other areas who talk little
D. find out other reasons why she should talk less
3.Which of the following best describe the writer’s character?
A. Kind but pessimistic. B. Loving and active.
C. Selfless but proud. D. Stubborn and sensitive.
假定你是李华， 你校外教对中国文化很感兴趣。请写封邮件邀请他一起参加为庆祝传统文化日(Chinese Traditional Cultural Day)而举行的城市图书馆（The City Library）的活动。
内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.活动介绍：中国餐桌礼仪讲座；使用筷子（chopsticks）比赛；京剧表演等。
参考词汇：国粹:the quintessence of Chinese culture
注意：1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Brown,
I’m Li Hua.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
（注意：短文改错不按要求改不得分！答题前请仔细阅读。）
下面文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。请务必按照下列要求改正：
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
Once, a man got on a bus to New York. Because he did not want to pay, so he hid in the toilet. But a passenger saw her. She tapped the person in front of her on the shoulder and say, “There’s a bum(流浪汉)in toilet. Tell the bus driver.” The message was passing on from person to person. But somewhere along the way, it was changed. The bus driver told that there was a bomb in the toilet. He immediate stopped the bus and telephoned the police. When the police came, they told the passengers to get off the bus or stay far away. Then they closed the highway. As a result, a traffic jam of 15 mile long was soon caused. Under the help of a dog, the police searched for two hours. Of course they found no bomb.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (一个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式 (最多不能超过三个单词)。
In many countries, 1. is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space. 2., in the United States, this idea may still be considered odd.
But this type of housing, 3.(call) co-housing, is gaining 4. (popular) in the United States, too. Co-housing complexes are popping up across the country. For many people, this way of life is 5. relief to the busy modern lifestyle. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room in a co-housing community. About 25 co-housing communities 6. (build) in recent years, and 150 more are planned.
A co-housing complex is a place 7. residents shop, cook, and eat together. Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play with, which many families like. The feeling of living in a “ village” is 8. other residents like. Residents also say that they can live in co-housing for 9. money than they would pay 10. nearby apartments.
My son Joey was born with club feet(天生特厚的畸形脚). The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk________, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were_______in surgery(手术). By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a _______when you saw him walk.
The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during________, and Joey would jump right in, run and play, too. We________told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to ______ as well as the other children. So he didn’t know.
In seventh grade he ______to go out for the cross-country team. Every day he _____ with the team. He worked harder and ran ______ than any of the others—perhaps he sensed that the________that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him.________the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to________points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
He________to run four to five miles a day, every day —even the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was________, so I went to look for him after school. I found him _____all alone. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He had two more________to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever.________he looked straight ahead and kept running.
Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were_______. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in________grade —the other six team members were all eighth-graders. We never told him he shouldn’t_________to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it… so he didn’t know. He just did it.
1.A. quickly B. slowly C. normally D. comfortably
2.A. spent B. wasted C. suffered D. lost
3.A. pain B. problem C. treatment D. surgery
4.A. holidays B. day C. fun D. play
5.A. seldom B. never C. always D. once
6.A. study B. run C. walk D. behave
7.A. decided B. preferred C. refused D. agreed
8.A. gathered B. camped C. trained D. competed
9.A. more slowly B. less C. faster D. more
10.A. ability B. strength C. power D. energy
11.A. Since B. Because C. After D. Although
12.A. increase B. score C. hold D. take
13.A. continued B. stopped C. liked D. hoped
14.A. sad B. surprised C. angry D. worried
15.A. running B. resting C. crying D. sleeping
16.A. tests B. miles C. lessons D. examinations
17.A. Otherwise B. So C. Yet D. Thus
18.A. included B. found C. shown D. announced
19.A. sixth B. eighth C. seventh D. fifth
20.A. manage B. determine C. expect D. attempt
