In many American schools the holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s birthday is used as an opportunity to teach children about his life and legacy. But in too many of those same schools, Black children’s extraordinary talents are still being wasted today. Nearly three-quarters of Black fourth and eighth grade public school students cannot read or compute at grade level. Black students made up only 18 percent of students in public schools in 2009-2010 but were 40 percent of students who received one or more out-of-school suspensions (暂被停学). A Black public school student is suspended every four seconds. Black students are more than twice as likely to drop out of school as White students. Each school day 763 Black high school students drop out.
So I applaud the U.S. Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action to address harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the juvenile (青少年) justice and adult prison pipeline. If the education system is to do its part in replacing it with a cradle to college, career and success pipeline, we must end the current practice where children in the greatest need are suspended from school mostly for nonviolent offenses.
These resources, officially known as “guidance,” will help schools and districts meet their legal responsibility to protect students from discrimination (歧视) on the basis of race, color or national origin as required under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As we recognize the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and so many other important hard-won victories in the Civil Rights Movement this year, we must remember those victories could be lost without meaningful enforcement of the laws advocates fought so hard to win half a century ago.
While the guidance does not prohibit (禁止) schools or districts from using any particular nondiscriminatory policy, it does call into question some policies that have historically excluded Black students and are of questionable educational value including “zero tolerance” discipline policies which require mandatory (强制的) consequences for certain infractions (违反), and policies that prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence.
Information of the new guidance recommendations is available at this government website for almost every school and district in the country. Check your own school district now to see whether the discipline policy is focused on creating a positive school climate and preventing misbehavior, whether consequences are clear, appropriate and consistent, and whether there is a commitment to fairness in the application of discipline.
1.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Life and legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
B. Unsatisfactory situation of Black students’ education.
C. The percentage of Black students dropping out of school.
D. The holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s birthday.
2.The guidance issued by the U.S. Departments of Education and Justice may ____.
A. punish Black children for dropping out of school
B. push thousands of Black children out of school each year
C. protect Black children from being suspended for nonviolent offenses
D. prevent Black children from coming back to school after a court sentence
3.According to the passage, the “zero tolerance” discipline policies ____.
A. have questionable consequences
B. are prohibited by the guidance
C. prevent Black children from being absent from school
D. were considered discriminatory when they were released
4.What is the author’s attitude toward these “guidance”?
A. negative B. pessimistic
C. approval D. indifferent
In a new look at the impact of long-time sitting behavior on health, a new study links time watching television to an increased risk of death. One of the most surprising findings is that it isn’t just couch potatoes who were affected. Even for people who exercised regularly, the risk of death went up the longer they were in front of the TV. The problem was the long periods of time spent sitting still.
Australian researchers who tracked 8,800 people for an average of six years found that those who said they watched TV for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause and 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease than people who reported spending less than two hours a day in front of TV.
Time spent in front of TVs and computers and videogames has come under fire in studies in recent years for contributing to a spread of obesity in the US and around the world. But typically the resulting public-health message urges children and adults to put down the Xbox controller and remote and get on a treadmill (跑步机) or a soccer field.
The Australian study offers a different view. “It’s not the sweaty type of exercise we’re losing,” says David Dunstan, a researcher at Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, who led the study. “It’s the incidental moving around, standing up and using muscles. That doesn’t happen when we are plunked on a couch in front of a television.”
Indeed, participants in the study reported getting between 30 and 45 minutes of exercise a day, on average.The results are supported by a new field of research that shows how long periods of inactivity can affect the body’s processing of fats and other substances that contribute to heart risk. And they suggest that people can help decrease such risk simply by avoiding extended periods of sitting.”
Keeping such processes working more effectively doesn’t require constant intense exercise, but consciously adding more routine movement to your life might help, doctors say. “Just standing is better than sitting,” says Gerard Fletcher, a cardiologist at Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla., who works standing up at his computer. “When you stand up, you shuffle around a little bit and use muscles not required when you are sitting or lying down.”
Simple strategies for increasing activity include combining household chores such as folding laundry with TV-watching time or getting up to change a TV channel rather than using a remote control. The report, published Tuesday in the American Heart Association journal Circulation, focuses on TV watching in part because it is the main leisure-time activity in many countries, researchers said, especially in the US.
1.One misunderstanding people might have is that ________.
A. the radiation from TV may badly affect your sight
B. TV programs can broaden your horizons effectively
C. watching TV very long is a good way to kill time
D. regular exercise can minimize the side effect of watching TV
2.What is new about the discovery of the Australian study?
A. Remote control shouldn’t be used when people watch TV.
B. People who watch TV too long should take more physical exercise.
C. Sitting too long in front of TV will lead to high risk of heart attack.
D. Long-time sitting is bad for all people including those who exercise regularly.
3.According to the Australian study, how can the risk of death be reduced when people watch TV?
A. By increasing simple movement.
B. By totally avoiding watching TV.
C. By taking some medicine.
D. By increasing sweaty type of exercise.
I have many wonderful memories of my days as a circus clown (小丑), but there is one day that I would rather forget: July 6, 1944. We were playing a two-day stand in Hartford, Connecticut, and the big top caught fire.
I could hear grandstand chairs slamming inside the tent as people headed toward the exits. Some were jumping twelve feet from the top rows of the grandstand and seats to the ground outside. Most of the crowd was pouring through the regular exits and it soon became a panic.
In the midst of this scene the musicians had kept on playing until the tent was on fire over-head because they knew music sometimes might work wonder; they had jumped off the bandstand just before a flaming quarter-pole fell into their stand.
City fire equipment had arrived by now and was pouring streams of water onto the big top area to cool it enough for firemen to enter. In the smoke and confusion, it was impossible to tell whether or not anyone might have been left in the tent. We circus people were ordered away from the smoking ruins that, only a few minutes before, had been the biggest spread of canvas in the world.
I went outside; doctors, and first-aid workers were everywhere, carrying bodies from where the grandstands and seats had been. The toll (伤亡人数) of dead and dying increased so fast that emergency crews were called in from surrounding cities.
Later it was found that 168 people had died in the fire — the worst circus disaster in history, and an afternoon of horror I can never forget.
1.The musicians kept playing during the fire probably because they ________.
A. thought the fire was in another tent
B. knew nothing about the terrible fire
C. wanted to keep the crowd from panicking
D. believed the show should go on whatever happened
2.Why were emergency crews from other cities called in?
A. There were too many victims to deal with.
B. Fire equipment in the city was not enough.
C. Too many people were left in the tent waiting.
D. The circus people were unwilling to do the rescue work.
3.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. A Journey to Death B. The Day the Big Top Burned
C. Memories as a circus clown D. The Worst Disaster in Human History
假定你是李华，你的朋友Jason在上次SAT考试中因发挥失常，成绩不理想而情绪低落。请给他写封信表示安慰，要点如下：
1)表示难过和理解；
2)找出错误原因并及时改正；
3)鼓励他重拾自信，实现梦想。
注意：1)词数100左右；
2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3)开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Jason,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
短文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There are various kinds of theme parks in the world with specific theme for each. The theme park you are probably most familiar to is Disneyland, which will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams to come true. You can not only meet your favorite Disney cartoon characters and also enjoy exciting rides, from swung ships to freefall drops.
Dolleywood shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture. For example，people coming from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsman make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned style. If you want to experience the anciently days and great deeds of English Knights and ladies, princes and queens, then English Camelot Park was the place for you. When you enter Camelot Park, we feel like entering a world of fantasy about old England.
请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century. 1. famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. However, he decided to defeat cholera, a 2. (dead) disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3. (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.
In 1854 when cholera broke out, he began to gather information and marked on a map 4. all the dead people 5.（live）. He found many people who had drunk 6. dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He found a woman and her daughter who had the water 7.（deliver） from the pump every day died of cholera after drinking the water. 8. this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 9.（blame）. He suggested the source of all water supplies should be examined and new methods of 10.（deal）with water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.
