Weighing too much can damage your health,and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world.Sleep might be one answer to the problem.A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.
Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more,but scientists have had a tough time determining "which came first,the chicken or the egg," says Julie C. Lumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor.In other words,it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping,or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain.Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.
To get a better idea of which causes which,Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States.The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year.Three years later,the parents answered the same questions.By sixth grade ,18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.
The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender.It also didn't matter how strict their parents were,or whether they were boys orgirls.Obesity struck all of these groups equally.Instead,sleep seemed to be the key factor.Over the three years of study,the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleepa night.Some kids,however,slept a lot moreor less than others.
For the sixth graders,every hour of sleep above the 9.5houraverage was linked toa 20 percent lower risk of being obese.Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders.Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.
1.What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply?
A. Scientists have found the exact causes of children's obesity.
B. There is always something difficult to understand through theory
C. The cause–effect relationship between weight and sleep isn't clear.
D. A person's weight has something to do with the amount of his sleep.
2.What did the interview find out?
A. 9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children.
B. The more a child sleeps,the healthier he will be.
C. Sixth graders need much more sleep than third graders.
D. One’s race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.
3.How does the author develop the passage?
A. By listing figures B. By comparing different opinions
C. By providing examples D. By conducting a survey
4.What is the suitable title for the passage?
A. The benefits of enough sleep for children
B. Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity
C. Which comes first,little sleep or obesity
D. How many hours of sleep do children need?
Everest
121min Adventure/Biography/Drama
Storyline: A group of climbers start their final climb to the summit of Mount Everest，the highest point on Earth. With little warning，a violent storm strikes the mountain，swallowing the adventurers...
Director: Baltasar Kormakur
Stars:Jason Clarke, Ang Phula Sherpa, Thomas M.Wright
Add to watchlist
War Room
120min Drama
Storyline: Tony and Elizabeth Jordan, seemingly have it all--great jobs, a beautiful daughter, their dream home. In reality, their marriage has been a war zone. With guidance from Miss Clara, an older, wiser woman, Elizabeth discovers she can start fighting for her family instead of against them.
Director: Alex Kendrick
Stars: Priscilla C. Shirer, T.C. Stalligs, Karen Abercrombie
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Straight Outta Compton
147min Biography/Drama/Music
Storyline: In 1987,five young men, using honest rhymes, put their frustration and anger about life into the most powerful weapon they had: their music. Straight Outta Compton tells the true story of how these cultural rebels（叛逆者）stood up to the authorities that meant to keep them down and formed the world’s most dangerous group N.W.A.
Director: F. Gary Gray
Stars: O’Shea Jackson Jr., Corey Hawkins, Jason Mitchell
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A Walk In The Woods
104min Adventure/Biography/Comedy
Storyline: After spending two decades in England, Bill Bryson returns to the US, where he decides the best way to connect with his homeland is to hike the Appalachian Trail. He travels with Katz, one of his oldest friends. The trouble is that the two have a completely different definition of the word, “adventure”. The real fun begins...
Director: Ken Kwapis
Stars: Robort Redford, Nick Nolte, Emma Thompson
Add to watchlist
1.If you prefer family-themed movies, which one should see?
A. Everest B. War Room
C. Straight Outta Compton D. A Walk In The Woods
2.What is N.W.A according to the passage?
A. A movie club B. A music group
C. An adventure team D. A charity organization
3.Why does Bill Bryson hike the Appalachain Trail?
A. To accompany his friend Katz B. To exercise and keep himself fit
C. To strengthen his bond with the US D. To have an adventure in the woods
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom给你写信，说他暑假要来北京，参加一个关于老北京胡同的中国文化研究课程，请你先介绍一下胡同的基本情况。
内容要点如下：
1. 胡同的历史由来；
2. 胡同的社会价值和意义；
注意：1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 注意语言的交际性和逻辑的条理性；
4. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
提示词：胡同alley 四合院courtyard
Dear Tom，
I’m glad to receive your e-mail.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Have a good time!
Sincerely,
Li Hua
根据句意，选择适当的词并用其恰当的形式填空。每空只填一个词。
1.This is a new invention that will have a wide range of ___________ in industry.
2.Sam has been ___________ manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.
3.This magazine makes complex ideas attractive and ___________ to children.
4.The man of true ___________ is not frightened by death.
5.Some people prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and ___________ their horizons.
6.It is not socially ___________ for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
7.Wherever you go, you should take care of your personal ___________.
8.Harry Potter stories are so ___________ that they encourage children to read more.
9.There was a ___________ expression on her face.
10.The trees ___________ down in the storm have been moved off the road.
People Are People
Globalization has brought different cultures together in a way unimaginable one hundred years ago. Today, Chinese, Indians, Arabs, Africans, Anglos, and Hispanics may all work in the same offices, attend the same schools or live in the same neighborhoods. 1. And our society has lately emphasized the importance of diversity.
2. Take the following old proverbs for example.
Honesty is the first chapter in the book of wisdom.
—Thomas Jefferson, American President
One falsehood spoils a thousand truths.
—African proverb
Be honest to those who are honest, and be also honest to those who are not honest.
—Lao Tzu, Chinese philosopher
A sacrifice is written off by a lie and the merit of devotion by an act of cheat.
—Hindu saying
3. There seems to be a sort of cultural unity.
We don’t wish to imply all cultures are the same. Cultural diversity is real, and people from different cultures view many situations in different ways. However, historically, different cultures seem to share many common values. They are justice, courage, patience, generosity, equality, mercy and kindness, respect for the elders, and many more. Lying and stealing appear to be wrong no matter where you go. Perhaps some cultures make room for extenuating (情有可原) circumstances more than others; perhaps cultures apply these virtues in different ways; and when values disagree, different cultures may place different levels of importance on them. 4. But both cultures may still value both.
To us, it seems as if there is some sort of code of right and wrong that everyone everywhere seems to understand, regardless of culture. It is almost as if, behind all of the diversity, one finds a common understanding—a human culture, if you will—that goes beyond racial, social, and political boundaries. 5.
A. All people seem to agree that we should tell the truth.
B. Each value supports many more quotes from different cultures.
C. As cultures rub shoulders with each other, many differences stand out.
D. We want to show, however, that there is more to these cultures than diversity.
E. These quotes from four separate cultures all support the same value—honesty.
F. It is almost as if, despite all our differences, we are all still the same—we are just people.
G. In other words, one culture may lean more toward justice and another culture more toward mercy.
British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham, after studying the results of one-on-one boxing, taekwondo, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games, conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill, the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.
Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other, colour has no effect on the result. However, when there is only a small difference between them, the effect of colour is enough to tip the balance. The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance, but that these results are statistically significant.
Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目动物) researcher at the University of Cambridge, has found similar results in nature. She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills. Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces. Setchell’s work shows that the powerful males—the ones who are more successful with females—have a brighter red nose than other males.
As well as the studies on primates by Setchell, another study shows the effect of red among birds. In an experiment, scientists put red plastic tings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds’ success with female zebra finches. Zebra finches already have bright red beaks (鸟喙), so this study suggests that, as with Olympic athletes, an extra flash of red is significant. In fact, researchers from the University of Glasgow say that the birds’ brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health. Jonathan Blount, a biologist, and his colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier. Nothing in nature is simple, however, because in species such as the blue footed booby, a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.
Meanwhile, what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red? Do their clothes give them an unintentional advantage? Robert Barton accepts that “that is the implication” of their findings. Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?
1.According to their research, Hill and Barton conclude that ___________.
A. the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport events
B. red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sports
C. red plays a role when competitors are equally capable
D. athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red
2.The underlined word "tip" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. achieve B. seek
C. keep D. change
3.The example of the blue footed booby proves that ___________.
A. male birds use different body parts to draw attention
B. red is not the only colour to attract female birds
C. blue gives female birds the same advantage
D. blue can indicate how healthy a bird is
