A new study suggests that people who drank a certain amount of alcohol（酒）had a lower risk of cancer and death than those who drank more or none during a nine-year period. And with each additional drink a week, the risk of cancer and death from any cause increased, the scientists reported.
However, the study found only an association between alcohol and cancer and death, and did not prove cause and effect, the researches said. What sets the new study apart, said lead study author Andrew Kunzmann, is that previous studies looked at cancer and death separately. “What our study does is combine the two outcomes together and we find that lighter drinking is associated with the lowest risk of cancer or death,” Kunzmann said.
But Kunzmann noted that the participants（参与者）were all older adults. That means that “we’re not really showing what happens in younger people if they drink,” he said. Also, it’s difficult to account for other lifestyles that could have affected the results. “These could also influence health. But the results did take into consideration differences in diet, smoking and education among participants,” Kunzmann noted.
The researchers said that they hope their study sparks conversation about reducing the suggested alcohol intake in countries’ guidelines. “We’re not telling people what they can or can’t do or what they can or can’t drink,” Kunzmann said. “We’re just trying to give them reliable evidence so that they can make their own informed, healthy decisions.”
1.What is the finding of the new study?
A. Nondrinkers are least likely to have cancer.
B. Drinking helps lower the risk of cancer.
C. Lighter drinking is helpful to health.
D. Heavy drinkers are at more risk.
2.Which of the following best explains “previous” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Future. B. Present.
C. New. D. Former.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. The result is of little value.
B. The research has its limitations.
C. The participants are all adults.
D. The influence of diet is included.
4.What does the researchers suggest people do about drinking?
A. Make their own decisions.
B. Reduce the amount they drink.
C. Have additional drinks occasionally.
D. Drink according to the countries’ guidelines.
I study English literature at university and have always ben proud of Britain’s literary heritage（文学遗产）. Some British authors that you may have heard of are Charles Dickens and Jane Austen. These writers are famous all over the world because their books have been translated into many different languages. In the UK, their novels are celebrated as some of the best that have ever been written. We say that these novels are “classic” because they are still read and enjoyed years after their publication.
I read classic novels because they are part of my university lessons but also because I enjoy them. They can teach you a lot about how people used to live and what society was like in the past. Novels like Hard Times by Charles Dickens remind us of the poverty in London during the Industrial Revolution while Jane Austen’s fiction shows us what family life was like in the 18th century.
Classic novels usually have memorable stories land interesting characters. One of my favourite books is Charles Dickens Great Expectations. It is about a boy called Pip who suddenly receives a lot of money from a mysterious supporter. As he grows up, his character changes: he becomes quite selfish and mean. Another important character is Miss Havisham. When she was young, her fiancé ran away on their wedding day. She lives in a dark house and still wears her wedding dress. She is a fascinating character, both sad and scary.
Reading classic novels enriches my knowledge and life experience. And it has become part of life.
1.Why are some novels called “classic”?
A. They stand the test of time.
B. They are taught at universities.
C. They are written by famous authors.
D. They are translated into many languages.
2.Why is Hard Times mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. To introduce the university lessons.
B. To remind people of the poverty in London.
C. To let people know about what family life was like.
D. To prove classic novels help people know the past.
3.What can we know about the character Miss Havisham?
A. She is selfish and mean.
B. She lives an unhappy life.
C. She loves wedding dresses most.
D. She becomes rich with others’ support.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Why I like classic novels
B. Why some novels are classic
C. How to read classic novels
D. How to teach classic novels
One second-grade student wanted to help erase school lunch debt for her fellow students, so she decided to create lemonade stands to raise funds（资金）.
Amiah Van Hill was inspired to raise funds to help pay off her classmates’ lunch debt back in May after reading about Jeffery Lew. The father of three crowd-funded to cover the cost of unpaid lunches in the Seattle School District, where his 8-year-old son took part. “She’s a really strong reader, so she read the story and said, ‘Wow, this is great! I wonder if there's any kids at my school that need help paying their lunches,’” said her mother ,Rachel Van Hill.
Amiah, 6, and Aria, 4, discovered that at Hayden Meadows Elementary School in Idaho, the unpaid lunch debt was $40.55. They set up a lemonade stand last month to raise the money, with a sign reading, “Lemonade 4 Lunch.” During their first set-up, the two met their goal within an hour.
The school was very much appreciative. Principal Lisa Pica said “Our school believes in giving back to the community and we are excited that Amiah has got that value at such a young age and we are so proud that she has found a way to help those in need. She is a very special little lady.”
After discovering it was “easy” to pay off one school’s debt, they set up another lemonade stand a week later to raise money for two more local schools. The girls then decided to set their sights higher and raise funds for the entire Coeur d’Alene Public School district. In 22 days, they’ve raised more than $2,700. The school district is excited to recognize her for her good deed.
1.What made Amiah decide to create lemonade stands?
A. Her own lunch debt. B. Her reading interest.
C. The advice from her mother. D. The example of Jeffery Lew.
2.Why is Amiah called “a special little lady” by her principal?
A. She learned to sell lemonade.
B. She was proud of her community.
C. She helped the community in her own way.
D. She helped her school set the school value.
3.When did Amiah decide to raise money for Coeur d’Alene Public School district?
A. After raising more than $2,700.
B. When she was praised by her school.
C. After raising money for two more schools.
D. When people in the district recognized her.
4.Which of the following can best describe the character of Amiah?
A. Caring and helpful. B. Hard-working and curious.
C. Learned and kind. D. Easy-going and generous.
Excellent Smartphone Apps
Space
Space helps you set goals to be more mindful of your screen usage. When you install（安装）Space, you’ll complete a few questions about your smartphone habits and then select a user type that is the best match. The app then sets screen unlock and time-use goals. The app will send notices as screen time increases and reward you with different badges（徽章）when you meet your goals.
AntiSocial
AntiSocial is one of the best-known screen-reduction apps available on Android. While it provides many of the standard functions like screen time limits and app blocking, it has an advantages. AntiSocial compares your screen usage data（数据）to other people in your age, so you’ll an idea if you’re using your phone more than they do.
Off the Grid
For those who truly have a problem staying off that phone, Off the Grid may be for you. Off the Grid completely blocks your phone for a length of time you determine. If you want to use your phone after you’re turned on Off the Grid, it’s going to cost you. The app will charge you $1 each time you end your off-time early.
1.How does Space help its users?
A. By sending reminding messages.
B. By offering keys to their questions.
C. By setting proper life goals for them.
D. By rewarding them with more phone time.
2.What is special about Off the Grid.
A. It blocks other apps.
B. It can turn on by itself.
C. It may charge some money.
D. It limits your time on phone.
3.What do the three apps have in common?
A. They reduce screen time.
B. They have a rewarding system.
C. They are teenagers’ favorite apps.
D. They compare data from different people.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Who is the speaker talking about?
A. Her mother. B. Her friend. C. Her father.
2.Why did the speaker consider herself lucky?
A. She had her father around all the time.
B. She was the only child in her family.
C. Her parents were wealthy.
3.Where did the speaker get on the school bus?
A. At the bus stop two blocks away.
B. Near the usual bus stop.
C. Near her house.
4.What do we know about the speaker?
A. She used to cook for her father.
B. She bought her lunch in high school.
C. She often called her father in college.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Who is the man speaking to?
A. His friend. B. His mother. C. His teacher.
2.What will the woman do during the holiday?
A. Go to travel. B. Study at home. C. Stay on the farm.
3.What will the woman do with her mother?
A. Plant tomatoes in the garden.
B. Help her in the shop.
C. Do some farm work.
4.What does the man think of the woman’s holiday?
A. Tiring B. Boring. C. Interesting
