Penguins (企鹅) live together, but each pair has a little piece of ground of their own. When a penguin wants to walk through its neighbour’s ground, it must ask permission. If it does not do that, it will have to fight. Most of the time, penguins live on the water. They eat shellfish and look after their children carefully.
All penguins are good parents — the male penguins are perhaps the best parents in the world. They walk in the sea in the middle of the dark Antarctic water. They choose their wives in the dark.They can only hear them — not see them. Then the female penguins lay their eggs and go away for about two months. The males take care of the eggs. If the eggs get cold, there will be no chicks. There is no food. The snow falls heavily and the wind blows strongly — sometimes at 150 kilometres an hour. The penguins do not move. When the females return from the sea, they will not remember their husbands. It does not matter. Only one thing matters — the eggs. Male penguins never fight — unless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute. They then fight because they all want it.They are strange and wonderful birds.
1.It seems interesting and unusual that the male penguins choose their wives ________.
A. when the female penguins return from the sea
B. just by hearing in the darkness
C. each time they see the lovely females
D. after they have had their own grounds
2.From the passage we know that ________.
A. penguins live a hard life
B. penguins live in pairs
C. penguins will fight if they walk through others’ ground without permission
D. each penguin has a little piece of ground of his/her own
3.From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2, we can infer that ________.
A. penguins like nights very much
B. there is no daytime in that place at all
C. the weather is cloudy and rainy all the year around
D. the sun can’t shine there at that time
Forest Schools originated in Sweden in the 1950s and spread to other countries, particularly Denmark where they have become an important part of the Danish early years program.
In a typical Danish Forest School, young children from 3 years are taken into the forest for 4 hours each day of the week. They take no toys with them, but instead use only what the forest provides (and their imaginations) to develop their games. There is a primitive hut in the forest, which is used in extreme weather. Activities are childled and fun, such as finding small animals or stomping in puddles. Because of high adult to child ratios, children can safely try out activities which are often considered too dangerous, such as climbing trees or lighting fires, and by dressing the children in good protective clothing, they are able to play freely. By setting children small manageable tasks at which they are unlikely to fail, and giving genuine praise, children’s independence and confidence grow.
A Swedish scientific study found that children in the Forest School are more balanced and socially capable, have fewer sick days, are more able to concentrate and have better coordination than the city nursery children. The primary reason appeared to be the greater opportunities to play in nature, so that children play for longer at a time, tending not to disturb each other as much as children in the city nursery. The study observed that where children were interrupted, they became irritable, their stress level rose, and their ability to concentrate fell.
The study also showed that the Forest School children had 25% fewer sick days than the city children. One reason for this is that the air is nearly always better outside than indoors. Outside a child is not so exposed to virus and bacteria and not so likely to be infected by other children. Another reason may be that, since stress has been shown to have a negative effect on the immune system, high stress levels may be weakening the city children. The Forest School children, on the other hand are in a pleasant, natural, fun and less stressful environment.
1.What kind of activities do the Forest School children have?
A. Activities usually played by braver kids.
B. Activities which are designed for adults.
C. Gradeimproving activities.
D. Activities with fun and a certain level of danger.
2.The Forest School children are more able to concentrate because ________.
A. they have more interesting things to do
B. they are accompanied by adults
C. they are not disturbed so often
D. they are playing in small groups
3.What does the last paragraph intend to tell us?
A. Why the Forest School children are healthier.
B. The Forest School children have a healthy diet.
C. What affects the city children.
D. Why the Forest School children have less stress.
4.Which of the following best describes the Forest School children?
A. Free and wild.
B. Confident and happy.
C. Polite and calm.
D. Strong and adventurous.
One winter, my cousin and I were playing toy blocks in the yard. My mom was out for shopping to get groceries and my dad was asleep upstairs in his room. Suddenly, it started to snow. First it was just a little. But then it started to pour heavily.
Then, we put the finishing touches to our blocks and headed back inside. Right when I opened the sliding glass door, my cousin fell down on the slippery wooden stairs. I let go of the door, my worst mistake, you see. The door locks automatically but I had put a rock, right next to the door so it wouldn’t close. But while I was running to my cousin’s aid I’d accidentally kicked the rock.
Now, my cousin and I were locked outside. And unfortunately it started to get really windy. It was really freezing with the snow. First we started to call my dad, but he was sleeping soundly. I mean, slept through a tornado soundly. It was of no use.
Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didn’t work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high. So, I climbed up to my tree house and brainstormed some ideas on ways to get in. At one point, I was seriously considering jumping out of the tree house and using the trampoline (蹦床) to jump over the fence.
So, we got to work. First, I took out the trampoline. Then I started to jump. First try — I almost cracked my head. Second try — this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened_out. Third try — I jumped and missed but at the last second, my hand caught the fence, and with a lot of pushing I finally climbed over the fence and luckily, I fell on a big snowdrift.
Then I got inside and unlocked the door for my cousin to get in. Finally, my mom came back. Then we shared this story with my mom and dad.
1.When the author wanted to jump in, the main problem was that________.
A. the fence was icy
B. the fence was slippery and high
C. the trampoline couldn’t bear the weight
D. the trampoline was too small
2.The attitude of the author’s cousin towards jumping on the trampoline seems________.
A. passive B. positive
C. indifferent D. objective
3.The words “chickened out” (Paragraph 5) most probably mean “________”．
A. fell down B. cried out
C. jumped up D. backed out
4.Which would be the best title of the text?
A. Climbing over the Fence in the Snow
B. An Adventure in the Yard
C. Friendship Produces Pleasure
D. We Are Independent
The Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.
Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading －125 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.
One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperature — the killing chill of far North and the polar South.
To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the belowzero temperatures.
Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.
What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.
Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition (探险) scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have been much like our own.
Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.
1.The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded ________.
A. in Antarctica B. in the Arctic
C. at the North Pole D. in the polar region
2.The main reason why it is almost impossible for men to live in the Arctic and Antarctica is that ________.
A. they are frozen
B. they are wasted
C. there are no life there
D. they are extremely cold
3.Polar explorers can stay alive there because they ________.
A. stay inside the building there
B. have their own way to keep warm
C. are stronger than other people
D. have no heaters and windproof shelters
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The Arctic is colder than Antarctica.
B. The history of the Arctic and Antarctica.
C. The discovery in the Arctic and Antarctica.
D. The environmental features in polar regions.
假如你是重庆某高中的一名学生，请你用英语给一些美国中学生介绍重庆的情况。主要内容包括：
1．重庆市地处中国内陆之西南，依临长江。城市依山而建，也被人们称为“山城(City of Hills)”。
2．重庆是中国著名的历史文化名城，具有3 000多年的历史，是中国西南部的贸易中心；水路、陆路交通枢纽。
3．重庆有很多旅游胜地，如著名的长江三峡；有很多特色小吃，如火锅、酸辣汤等非常有名。重庆气候温和，是宜居城市。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：火锅hot pot; 酸辣汤hot & sour soup
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
There was a time when Zhang Yi and I was good friends, but now we are like stranger.On his first day in our class two years ago, he had no one to talk. I was the first one to say hello to her, so we became friends.Zhang Yi did well in math or he was always ready to helping me with it.One day last month, I told him about that I would be away from school for two days to see a friend.But he told my father about it and that made me angrily.Now, I know I was wrong.I decide to say sorry for him, because I don’t want to lose so a good friend.
