At one time, the Iroquois Indians lived along the lakes and rivers of the northern part of New York.The five tribes (部落) — the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca — fought with each other for years.
In the late 1500s, a wise Iroquois man named Dekanawida had a dream.In his dream, he saw the end of the Indian wars.An Onondaga chief named Hiawatha agreed to help Dekanawida bring peace to the area.Hiawatha traveled from tribe to tribe, trying to persuade the tribal leaders to unite in peace.The leaders realized that if they stopped fighting, they could become a powerful force in the Northeast area.
The leaders of the five tribes set up a league, called the Iroquois League, which brought all five tribes together.They set up a kind of democratic (民主的) government in which each tribe had an equal voice.A Great Council was formed.Fortynine chiefs from every tribe were appointed to the Council.The members were all men, but they were chosen by the elder women of the tribes.The Council worked together to solve big issues for the league, while each tribe remained selfgoverning.
In 1722, the Iroquois League increased from five to six tribes when the Tuscarora tribe joined them.The Iroquois League controlled the fur trade in the area.They controlled land from Canada to Kentucky.The Iroquois League remained powerful for over 200 years.
Then during the War of Independence, most of the Iroquois League sided with the British.After the Americans defeated the British, many Iroquois villages were destroyed.The Iroquois were forced to move and live on reservations (印第安人居留地)．This caused the Iroquois League to become less powerful.
History shows that the writers of the United States Constitution used some of the same ideas as the Iroquois League.One section of the Iroquois Constitution is entitled “Rights of the People” and might be compared to the “Bill of Rights”．The Iroquois League’s constitution is often called America’s first democracy.
1.The underlined word “voice” in Paragraph 3 could probably be replaced by“________”．
A. sound B. power
C. saying D. speech
2.According to the text, the Iroquois League ________.
A. consisted of six tribes in the 17th century
B. became weak after the War of Independence
C. helped the Americans defeat the British
D. was greatly supported by the Americans
3.The political system of the Iroquois League ________.
A. was ignored by American history experts
B. had nothing to do with the “Bill of Rights”
C. influenced the United States Constitution
D. was entitled “Rights of the People”
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The Iroquois League
B. The American Indians
C. The culture of the Iroquois
D. The United States Constitution
假定你是李华，你的朋友Tony刚刚升入高三，因为暑期短他没休息好，所以现在状态很差。面临高考压力，Tony不知所措。请你给他写一封信表示安慰，要点如下:
(1)表示难过和理解
(2)就如何调整状态提出建议
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was young, I was terribly poor in the Chinese. Be afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons that I rarely did well in school. Once I failed in a mid-term exam. When I got the papers, I realized things could have been better if I listened to the teacher much more attentive. So I turned to my teacher for helps and he told me, “Where there is a will, there is a way. If we are devoted to learning Chinese, you’ll make it.” I couldn’t agree much. From then on, I began to work harder. Out of my expect, I made great progress soon. Today, Chinese is where my strength lies. And I’m grateful for my Chinese teacher.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, an Internet slang word Foxi- or “Buddhist”- is becoming increasingly popular as it encourages people, especially 1. young to remain calm and peaceful and avoid conflicts as much as possible- in other words, to live like a Buddha.
The phrase 2. (create) for the first time in 2014 in Japan to describe young men who no longer bother to start relationships with women or follow someone else’s life path. They prefer to stay in their own peaceful world without 3. (disturb) and care little about passion and success.
In this fast-changing and 4. (compete) world, many people are 5. heavy pressure. It’s only natural that people are seeking for a spiritual bay. However, some would compare “foxi” with “demotivational(无动力的) culture”- a phrase 6. describes young people who feel aimless and powerless. They say that foxi actually reflects the reality that young people are losing their will to fight. They are pretending 7. (keep) a healthy and wise attitude towards failure simply 8. they are incapable(无能力的) of succeeding.
All in all, there is one thing that “Buddhist Youngsters” should 9. (basic) keep in mind: You may want to keep a calm mindset, 10. you should never stop fighting for yourselves!
I truly feel that my mother led me here, to Morzaine, and to my future as happy wife and business woman. When Mum ______ in October 2007, I was a cook. In December that year, while I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace Mum had left me ______. I was distraught（忧心如焚的）. Some days later, I was ______ that a guy who was working with us that day could probably have made a fortune ______ the necklace he found. ______, he returned it. Hearing how I’d ______ Mum for six months before her death, he said, “Christmas is going to be ______ —why not go out to the Alps for a couple of weeks?”
I come to Morzaine, a small, friendly village in the Alps and ______ fell in love with it .What was ______ to be a stopgap (权宜之计) trip ______ a new life .I kept travelling between London and here and felt ______ than I had in months. In December 2008, I was ______ as a hotel manager and moved here full time.
A month later, I met Paul, who was traveling here. We fell in love. In the beginning, I didn’t want to discuss marriage, because the sadness of losing Mum still felt ______. Paul understood that and never ______ me. But, by summer, we got married. A year later, we used his savings, and the money from the sale of Mom’s house, to build our own ______.
We want to give our guests a ______ feel, so each room is themed(以……为题) around memories from our lives. There are also styles to remind me of Mom - a tiny chair which ______ be in her bedroom is set in one room.
We are having a wonderful life and Mum ______ naturally part of it, ______ there’s no way we would be here if it wasn’t for the ______ she gave me. I know she’s here in spirit, keeping an eye on us.
1.A. died B. came C. returned D. visited
2.A. burned B. disappeared C. broke D. dropped
3.A. shown B. comforted C. persuaded D. told
4.A. hiding B. stealing C. selling D. wearing
5.A. Hopefully B. Naturally C. Accidentally D. Fortunately
6.A. nursed B. cured C. missed D. guarded
7.A. long B. hard C. merry D. free
8.A. suddenly B. finally C. nearly D. immediately
9.A. said B. proved C. supposed D. judged
10.A. turned out B. turned into C. turned down D. turned on
11.A. smarter B. higher C. firmer D. lighter
12.A. honored B. hired C. regarded D. trained
13.A. upset B. painful C. great D. good
14.A. left B. pushed C. surprised D. interrupted
15.A. hotel B. restaurant C. home D. shop
16.A. homely B. lively C. motherly D. friendly
17.A. ought to B. used to C. might D. could
18.A. takes B. keeps C. looks D. feels
19.A. unless B. while C. because D. though
20.A. money B. chair C. house D. necklace
Changing your life can come in small, easy steps. You can transform yourself and live a better life by making positive changes along the way. Here are some choices that will lead to your transformation.
Choose to change bad habits
Some bad habits seem to stick around without us even realizing it. 1.You can overcome them, find better alternatives, and get through your struggle to become a better you! Do it for yourself more than anything.
Choose to grow
It’s easy to get stuck in a fixed way of life. 2. In choosing to grow, you build character, develop your strengths, become aware of what needs improvement, and turn into the well-rounded person you need to be to succeed.
Choose to seek a balanced life
Where do you need balance? Are you all work, no play? Or the opposite? 3. If you’re spending too much time working or locked away alone, find the time for social interaction and having fun. If you haven’t committed to a schedule in a while, make the decision to start following one.
4.
This is vital to human existence. We need the loving bonds created by family members and friends. Personal relationships are key to emotional growth and social stability.
Choose to live your passion
Whatever your dream is, you can have it. The person you wish to be and the things you wish to achieve are within you. Make the choice to pursue those passions at whatever cost. It may mean clearing out your schedule or doing something you’ve never done. 5.
A. Choose to spend time with those you love
B. Choose to organize your schedule flexibly
C. Make the choice today that you won’t be ruled by them.
D. Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for very long.
E. However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom.
F. It’s good to change, and you’ve only got so many years to refresh yourself.
G. However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it.
