The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
In general, a university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Whether they are majoring in geography, geometry or any other subject, graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, the grand university having much glory, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students grew similarly lazy in a gradual way.
If students have to pay for their education, I guess they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers and have a better grasp of the subjects. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should be generous enough to pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital（资金） from the government to invest.
Therefore, it is the individual, not the government who should pay for their university education.
1.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A. taxpayers B. pressing calls
C. college graduates D. government resources
2.The author thinks that with full government funding ___________.
A. teachers are less satisfied
B. students are more demanding
C. students will become more competent
D. teachers will spend less time on teaching
3.The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to_____________.
A. argue against free university education
B. call on them to finance students' studies
C. encourage graduates to go into business
D. show their contribution to higher education
假定你是李华,你的笔友Tom给你写信咨询“如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围”。请你根据提示给他写一封英文回信。内容包括:
1.宣传标语用英汉双语;
2.开设汉语角;
3.邀请汉语外教来学校上课。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How are you doing?I’m glad to hear from you.From your letter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Once there lived a donkey on a small island.Every day she walked around on the island looking for something to eat.Soon he got boring and thought of going to a new place.All his friends asked him not to do that,and he didn’t pay any attention to their words.He swam to other island with green grass.In a few day,he became very fat.Fortunately,one day the donkey was caught by a farmer.He was made work hard day and night.In a rainy evening,he got an opportunity and fled from the farmer’s house.He went back to a small island,and decided not to leave his friends again who have given him good advice.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The story is about what Sam felt about his 1.(one) boarding school life.
2. a child,he never left his parents,so he didn’t get used to 3.(deal) with everything in school independently.
Once I had a similar experience.I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school.At the age of 13,I 4. dealt with the daily things,such as washing clothes,taking care of money etc,5.(especial) I felt lonely because I hardly knew any people.At first,I could not get on well with my classmates and I always looked forward to 6.(be) on holiday to meet my parents.I could not concentrate on my subjects.As time went by,I gradually adapted 7.(me) to the school life.I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities,in which I improved my communicating skills.As I had a lot of interesting things to do,I 8.(final) enjoyed my school life.
Now,9. I think of my first boarding school life,I think it instructive and 10.(forget).
Growing Roots
When I was growing up,I had an old neighbour named Dr Gibbs.He didn’t look like any doctor I’d ____ known.When Dr Gibbs wasn’t ____ lives,he was planting trees.
The good doctor had some ____ theories on planting trees.He believed in “No pains,no gains.” He never ____ his new trees,which was ____ many people.Once I asked why.He ____ that watering plants spoiled them,and that if you water them,each following tree generation will ____ weaker and weaker.So you have to make things ____ for them.He talked about how watering trees could ____ shallow roots,and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots in ____ of water.I came to understand that he meant deep roots were to be ____.I planted a couple of trees and I took good care of them.Two years of ____ has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot.Whenever a cold wind blows,they ____ and tremble their branches.Funny things about those trees of Dr Gibbs’.The lack of water seemed to ____ them in ways comfort and ease never could.
I used to ____ for my sons that their lives will be easy.But ____ I’ve been thinking that it’s time to ____ my prayer.I know my children are going to meet ____,and I’m praying they will be strong.The prayer for comfort is seldom met.What we need to do is to pray for deep roots,____ when the winds blow,we won’t be ____ away.
1.A. even B. ever C. never D. hardly
2.A. valuing B. making C. enjoying D. saving
3.A. exciting B. dull C. interesting D. terrible
4.A. watered B. raised C. loved D. sheltered
5.A. against B. beyond C. within D. from
6.A. wondered B. answered C. doubted D. guessed
7.A. grow B. change C. appear D. show
8.A. harmful B. favourable C. tough D. wonderful
9.A. lead to B. result from C. put in D. care for
10.A. charge B. favour C. honour D. search
11.A. treasured B. challenged C. respected D. liked
12.A. education B. information C. preparation D. devotion
13.A. dance B. shake C. spread D. lift
14.A. harm B. raise C. benefit D. hurt
15.A. pray B. apply C. stand D. call
16.A. perfectly B. formally C. obviously D. lately
17.A. attend B. say C. change D. keep
18.A. hardships B. worries C. bosses D. jobs
19.A. or B. so C. and D. but
20.A. given B. sent C. broken D. swept
The need for love is deeply rooted in the human psyche(灵魂).1. Separateness,according to psychologists,means to be cut off,helpless and alone in the world.It is the source of all anxiety.
2. It can be selfish and possessive,or unselfish and giving.Abraham Maslow distinguishes between two kinds of love:B-love or “being love” means love for another person:unselfish love not dependent upon your own needs.D-love or “deficiency love” is a selfish possessive love which is based upon someone else’s ability to satisfy your needs.
D-love is conditional.It depends upon whether personal needs continue to be met.But B-love is unconditional.3. Furthermore,as it depends upon who you are,it is possible only when you allow yourself to be known to the other person.
The psychologist Erich Fromm also distinguished between two types of love.4. Symbiotic union is an immature love based upon the satisfaction of needs and is similar to Maslow’s concept of D-love.
Mature love,on the other hand,is a relationship that allows individuals to retain(保持)their independence,their identity,and their integrity.In mature love people can overcome their sense of separateness yet continue to be themselves.The immature lover would say,“I love you because I need you.” but the mature one:“5.”
A.Every one of us needs love.
B.There are two types of love.
C.I need you because I love you.
D.It depends not upon what you do,but who you are.
E.These two types are quite different from each other.
F.Love is a way of overcoming the feeling of human separateness.
G.They are immature love,called by him symbiotic union(共同体),and mature love.
