阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lions，tigers and other animals are staying awake at night1.（avoid）human beings，a new study finds．
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature．Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away2.people．By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time3.（look）for food．
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can4.（fright）animals and cause them to become more active at night．5.had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil．Researchers compared6.（careful）how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming．7.was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night．Results8.（publish）in the journal Science two months ago．
The new findings are9.（usual）because no one else has looked at it in such detail before Ecologist Marlee Tucker was10.（surprise）that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat．
You may always hear about people who knew exactly what they wanted to do with their life from the time they were in kindergarten．I hadn’t considered lots of career______when I graduated from high school．Like most students who earn good grades in math and science classes，I found people______me to be an engineer．But all of that changed when I went to my______．
I will never forget the feeling of walking into my very frrst Biology______．I nervously found a seat and waited for the type of______you see in TV shows，old and strict．What I got was exactly______．Dr．Espinoza was a caring and______teacher，and two terms of her classes made me fall in love with Biology．Her exciting classes made me______that I had other choices besides being a（n）______．It meant I was headed for a career in biological research．
____Dr．Espinoza and many other professors like her，I found that scientists aren’t just what you______on the National Geographic channel．They are real people who answer real questions and______real problems．This led me to seek out______to do real science projects and see if I______it．While I was at university，I learned how to ask good questions，how to______experiments and collect data，and how to share what I learned with people．As it______I loved every minute of it．
Falling in love with______was a long process for me，but it led me to a job I love．Like the science itself，my journey toward being a scientist was______，but helped along by many teachers and professors who______me the way．Now，I try my best to learn new things and______new knowledge．
1.A. development B. difficulty C. choices D. requirements
2.A. appointing B. forcing C. allowing D. encouraging
3.A. university B. office C. room D. lab
4.A. experiment B. lecture C. test D. teamwork
5.A. agent B. volunteer C. host D. professor
6.A. opposite B. traditional C. typical D. similar
7.A. average B. casual C. enthusiastic D. severe
8.A. realize B. regret C. refuse D. recall
9.A. lawyer B. educator C. scholar D. engineer
10.A. As to B. Due to C. On behalf of D. In spite of
11.A. take care of B. make fun of C. learn about D. search for
12.A. solve B. bring C. raise D. ignore
13.A. concepts B. opportunities C. faith D. ambition
14.A. enjoyed B. doubted C. recommended D. ackhowledged
15.A. replace B. predict C. conduct D. copy
16.A. came about B. broke up C. set off D. turned out
17.A. literature B. science C. language D. art
18.A. precious B. smooth C. beneficial D. slow
19.A. promised B. showed C. left D. awarded
20.A. record B. admire C. create D. forget
How to Be a Good Listener to Your Family
Communication is important for strong family relationships．1.Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds．
Listen actively．When listening to a family member，do not let your mind wander to other things．lt’s important to make your family member feel heard and valued．Put your phone away and give them your full attention．Never think about other things when someone is talking．2.．
Repeat what has been said．Breefly summarizing what the speaker has said can go along way towards effective communication．Everyone wants to feel valued and heard， so repeating a family member’s point can show you were listening．3.It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well．
4.Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation．Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response．This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking．Do not talk over someone either．No matter how curious you feel about a subject，do not start talking until the other person has finished．
Avoid hurrying the speaker．5.Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along．Never say things like，"Can you get to the point？"This will make it seem Like you’re not interested in the conversation．
A．Do not interrupt．
B．Never rush the person talking．
C．Instead，focus on what’s being said．
D．People tend to pause when they speak．
E．It can help you make sure you understood the speaker．
F．When someone finishes talking， ask questions if necessary．
G．However， if you don’t truly listen to others，it can be difficult to communicate．
A new study shows that rising levels of planet-warming gases may reduce important nutrients（营养物质）in food crops
Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice， In the experiment， scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan．They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century．Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had，on average，13 t0 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein（蛋白质）The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions However， vitamin E leveLs increased by about 13 percent on average．
The researchers said the effects of planet-warming gases would be most sevcre for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries．These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets．That includes abour 600 million people in Indonesia， Cambodia，Myanmar，Bangladesh，Laos and other nations，mainly in Southeast Asia．
Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production．But scientists are finding that rising levcls of carbon dioxide and other planet-warming gases threaten food quality．
Earlier studies showed that wheat，rice，field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had Iower levels of protein and mincrais．Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050．
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change．That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels．
1.Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may____．
A. increase iron in the rice
B. make it less nutritious
C. cause losses of Vitamin E
D. make it more delicious
2.How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change？
A. By importing rice from China and Japan．
B. By taking other kinds of food instead of rice．
C. By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia．
D. By growing rice suitable for the environment．
3.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text？
A. To infom readers what nurrients food crops contain．
B. To call on people to care for the planet they live on．
C. To share the results of some studies on people’s diets．
D. To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced．
4.In which part of a magazine can you read the text？
A. Advertisements． B. Arts and culture．
C. Science report． D. Business news．
A study of 500，000 songs released（发行）in the UK between 1985 and 2015 showed that pop music has decreased in happiness and increased in sadness．
In a report published in the journal Royal Society Open Science，researchers at the University of California examined hundreds of thousands of songs and classified them by their mood．"‘Happiness’is going down，‘sadness’ is going up，and at the same time，the songs are becoming more ‘danceable’ and more ‘party-like，’"co-author Natalia L．Komarova told The Associated Press．
The study found songs in 2014 like "Stay With Me"by Sam Smith，"Whispers" by Passenger and "Unmissable" by Gorgon City to have a "low happiness" trend．However，tracks from 1985 like "Glory Days" by Bruce Springsteen，"Would I Lie To You？" by Eurythmics and "Freedom"by Wham had a high "happiness" trend．"The public seems to prefer happier songs， even though more and more unhappy songs are being released each year，" the researchers wrote．
Apart from the emotional trends，researcheis discovered that dance and pop were the most successful styles of music and that there was a "clear downward trend"，with the popularity oF rock beginning in the early 2000s．"So it looks like，while the overall mood is becoming less happy，people seem to want to forget it all and dance，" Komarova wrote in an email．
It was also found that the "maleness" of songs——the frequency of male singers in popular music——had decreased during the last 30 years "Successful songs are characterised by a larger percentage of female artists compared to all songs，"they Wrote．
This discovery appears at a time when the convcrsation around sex equality in the music industry is at its height，with more male artists and songwriters．
1.The researchers examined lots of songs to ．
A. find songs for dance and party
B. choose songs for a journal
C. release more songs
D. know better about songs
2.Whose music style tends to bring you more happiness？
A. Natalia L．Komarova’s． B. Sam Smith’s．
C. Gorgon City’s． D. Bruce Springsteen’s．
3.What do we know about songs over the past three decades？
A. Rock became popular in the early 2000s．
B. Fewer unhappy songs come to light every year．
C. Male singers are better at perrorming pop music．
D. Female artists are less skilled in writing songs．
4.What can be a suitable title for the text？
A. Pop Music Is Getting Sadder
B. Music Calls for Sex Equality
C. Pop Music Has a Long History
D. Music Industry Is Going Down
Nine months ago，I was packing my daughter’s backpack with new school supplies，wondering how I was going to send her off to kindergarten．I stood on the playground，tears pouring down my face because I wasn’t ready for this first day of kindergarten——but she was ready．Today I will be standing on the playground， once again with tears，because this precious time went by too quickly．This week I realized that I never told you "thank you"．I don’t know how to express a mother’s thanks in the way a teacher deserves．
We first met you at the open house the week before school started and I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever．While the students lined up for the day，you touched each one on the shoulder as you greeted them．If a student was having a tough I got to know you as I volunteered in the lunch room．You made sure your students were all ready for Iunch before you went on your own lunch break．You kept track of their big things and small things，because as a veteran kindergarten teacher，you know that the small things are the big things．I loved the way you made each student feel special．You helped them fall in love with school which is so important at the start．
To all of the teachers in the world who are like you．I wish you knew how grateful parents are for you．We adore you．respect you，and appreciate you．We don’t tell you enough——we probably don’i tell you ever．I wish we could take you with us to the next 12 grades．
1.Why did the author’s tears come down on her daughter’s first day of kingdergartern？
A. She hadn’t made full preparations for her daughter．
B. Her daughter wasn’t willing to go to kindergarten．
C. She felt worried about her daughter’s being away．
D. Her daughter wasn’t familiar with the teachers．
2.The author noticed the teacher’s characteristics when ．
A. she stood on the playground
B. she was at the open house
C. she said goodbye to the teacher
D. she Worked as a teacher at lunch time
3.What does the underlined word "veteran" in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Beautiful． B. Generous．
C. Skillful． D. Humorous．
4.What is this text mainly about？
A. Good wishes to a kindergarten teacher．
B. Sincere thanks to a kindergarten teacher．
C. A sweet memory of kindergarten life．
D. A kid’s daily behavior in the kindergarten．
