Question

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words or the proper forms of the given words.

The first country to use public service advertisements (PSAs) is the US. During the Civil War, the government 1. (sell) bonds (债券) via newspaper advertisements provided without charge and placed throughout the North  2. (raise) money in support of the war. The way was so effective 3. it resulted in the first national ad campaigns for baking powder, soap and railroad travel, thus launching the commercial advertising industry.

The first non-governmental ads 4. could be considered PSAs appeared after the turn of the century. The National Child Labor Committee was chaired by Felix Adler, the early welfare leader 5.  stacked (堆积) his Board of Directors with newspaper publishers who would support his cause. Thus this was perhaps how the first example of media co-branding was born.

When the US 6. (draw) into World War I in 1917, the Federal Committee of Public Information was created  7. (encourage) public support and dramatize the reasons for “why we fight.” Within the Committee, a Division of Pictorial Publicity was formed by the artist Charles Dana Gibson, who recruited (招募) the leading artists of the time to create posters building support for the war. James Montgomery Flag created the “Uncle Sam Needs You” poster, 8. may be one of the most famous and iconic posters of all time. Hundreds of 9. posters which have become part of the national memory 10. (be) produced by this group. All work was produced free including the design, printing and placement.

Answer

1.sold

2.to raise

3.that

4.that

5.who / that

6.was drawn

7.to encourage

8.which

9.other / such

10.were

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了美国在一战期间首次使用公益广告的原因以及公益广告在一战期间的美国所起的作用等。

1.考查谓语动词时态。根据上半句“During the Civil War”可知此处讲的是美国内战时期的事情，为过去时，故填sold。

2.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知句子的主体部分为the government sold bonds _____ (raise) money in support of the war。意思是政府卖债券来为战争筹集钱。此处填需填动词不定式做目的状语，故填to raise。

3.考查固定搭配。这个方法如此有效以至于这导致了第一次全国性的广告宣传活动，即为烘焙粉、肥皂和铁路旅行做广告，从而启动了商业广告产业。so﹍that，如此﹍以至于,为固定搭配。故填that。

4.考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为ads，指物，且先行词在从句中做主语，又因为先行词被序数词first所修饰，所以此处只能用that指代，故填that。

5.考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为leader，指人，且先行词在从句中做主语，故用who或者that指代，故填who或者that。

6.考查谓语动词的时态和语态。根据时间1917年可知谓语动词要用过去时态。根据句意可知美国是被卷入一战的，谓语动词要用被动语态，又因为主语是US为单数，谓语动词也应该用单数形式，综上所述，故填was drawn。

7.考查非谓语。句意：1917年美国被卷入一战后，联邦公共信息委员会的成立是为了鼓励公众支持，并将斗争的原因夸张报道。此空填动词不定式to encourage做目的状语，故填to encourage。

8.考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为poster，指物，且先行词在从句中做主语，这个从句又是非限制性定语从句，故此处用which指代poster，故填which。

9.考查形容词。句意：数以百计的这样的海报被这个群体制作，这些海报已经成为国家记忆的一部分。此空需要一个形容词来修饰poster，可以填such，表示和上边提到的“Uncle Sam Needs You”海报类似，也可以填other，表示“其他的海报”，综上，本空可以填such或者other。

10.考查主谓一致以及谓语动词的时态。句意：数以百计的这样的海报被这个群体制作，这些海报已经成为国家记忆的一部分。主语为hundreds of posters，为复数，谓语动词也应该用复数形式，文章讲述的是过去的事情，谓语动词应该用过去时，综上，填were。