Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they’re finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.
Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks(圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return.
If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that’s not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.
Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.
Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.
In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they’d end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they’d rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.
We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we’re getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?
1.What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?
A. The monkeys show certain business sense.
B. Business theories can apply to all monkeys.
C. People are smarter in terms of finance.
D. It’s easy to teach monkeys how to trade.
2.What does a bonus in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. A metal disk.
B. An apple piece.
C. A chance.
D. A coin.
3.Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment?
A. Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces.
B. Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy.
C. Because they didn’t like the feeling of losing.
D. Because they get more apple pieces from Jake.
4.What could be the best title for the passage?
A. People’s Business Decision: Lose or Gain?
B. Moneky’s Business Sense: Smart or Silly?
C. Shopping for Bargain: Same or different?
D. Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with?
The year 2117 will be an eventful one for art. In May of that year in Berlin, the philosopher-artist Jonathon Keats’ “century cameras”— cameras with a 100-year-long exposure (曝光)time—will be brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited. Six months after that, the Future Library in Oslo, Norway, will open its doors for the first time, presenting 100 books printed on the wood of trees planted in the distant past of 2017.
As Katie Paterson, the creator of the Future Library, puts it: “Future Library is an artwork for future generations.” These projects, more than a century in the making, are part of a new wave of slow art intended to push viewers and Participants to think beyond their own lifetimes. They aim to challenge today’s short-term thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately. In their way, too, they are fighting against modern culture—not just regarding money, but also the way in which artistic worth is measured by attention.
In a similar fashion, every April on Slow Art Day, visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time—a tough task for the average museum visitor, who typically spends less than30seconds on each piece of art.
Like the Future Library, the century cameras are very much a project for cities, since it’s in cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest. “Since I started living in a city, I’ve somehow been quite disconnected,” Anne Beate Hovind, the Future Library project manager, who described how working on the library drew her back to the Pace of life she knew when she was growing up on a farm in her youth, told The Atlantic magazine.
1.According to the first paragraph, what will NOT happenin2117?
A. A camera which was produced 100 years ago will be exhibited.
B. The Future Library will be0pen to the public for the first time.
C. Photos with a 100-year exposure time will be developed and exhibited.
D. Books printed on the wood of trees planted in 2017 will be displayed.
2.What can we learn about today’s people’s attitude toward works of art?
A. They consider works deliberately.
B. They spend little time on Works.
C. They spend much money 0n works.
D. They stare at works for 10 minutes at a time.
3.What is the purpose of the wave of slow art?
A. To advocate creating works of art slowly.
B. To protect works of art from being damaged.
C. To promote works of art for modern culture.
D. To encourage people to pay more attention to works of art.
4.How would Anne Beate Hovind feel about the city life?
A. It’s discouraging
B. It’s dull
C. Its developed.
D. It’s busy
Fall in Love With Your Writing With These Books!
Write Naked
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Bestselling author Jennifer Probst reveals her pathway to success, from struggling as a new writer to signing a seven-figure deal. Written in Probst’s unmistakable and honest voice, Write Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down-to-earth advice on writing romance in the digital age.
Just Write
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Write yourself past fears, doubts and setbacks, using your desire writing excellence to deeply involve yourself in the craft. In Just Write, you’ll learn how to master the nuances(细微差别) of fiction, discover what readers really want, and persevere through the challenges of getting started, conquering writers block and dealing with rejection.
Damn Fine Story
By Chuck Wendig
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Great storytelling is making readers care about your characters. And to tell a damn fine story, you need to understand why and how that caring happens. Using a mix of personal stories, pop fiction examples and traditional storytelling terms, The New York Times bestselling author Chuck Wendig will help you internalize the feel of powerful storytelling,
Fearless Writing
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Filled with insightful wisdom and practical advice, Fearless Writing teaches you how to accept the inner value of your work, enter a flow state while writing and overcome rejection, delay and other obstacles that prevent your creativity. With Fearless Writing, you’ll find the inner strength to set on a brave journey and build a lifelong career in the process.
1.Who shares his/her own writing experience with the readers?
A. Jennifer Probst.
B. James Scott Beli.
C. Chuck Wendig.
D. William Kenower.
2.Which book has the highest discount?
A. Write Naked.
B. Just Write.
C. Damn Fine Story.
D. Fearless Writing.
3.What do the four books have in common?
A. They are written by bestselling authors.
B. They focus on traditional storytelling terms.
C. They show how to overcome rejection.
D. They give some practical advice on writing
假定你是李华，你校将在暑假期间开办一个留学生京剧训练营(Peking Opera Training Camp). 请给你班的美国交换生Peter 写封邮件，告诉他相关信息。内容包括;
1. 介绍训练营的相关安排;
2. 说明训练营的目的;
3. 表达希望对方参加的愿望。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
Dear Joy,
How are you doing? Here is an exciting news for you. There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October. However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group. But I’d like to invite you to be my partners.
I know that you have been longed to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist. I think it will be a wonderfully idea for the competition. We can make a small air conditioner to controlling the temperature of the wearer.
How do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to you reply.
Yours,
Zhang Xin
No matter where you are, humans are constantly measuring and checking time. Some of us are good at it—planning and doing things ahead of time, 1.others are always trying to beat the clock and do things at the eleventh hour.
Tardiness (拖拉) can be serious. If you 2. (be) one minute late for work, would you resign? It may sound extreme, but that is exactly 3. occurred in the UK upper chamber of parliament, the House of Lords, in January 2018. International development minister Lord Bates arrived one minute late, and, as a result, was unable to answer a 4. (schedule) question. Instead of trying 5. (make) up for lost time, as many might do, he resigned on 6. spot. He apologized for his discourtesy (无礼) and stated that he was ashamed. His resignation, though, 7. (reject) by the UK prime minister.
So, how late is too late? Many cultures take punctuality very seriously. In contrast, others seem to view tardiness 8. just the normal way of things. What is considered acceptable is based on culture. That is, if you don’t mind waiting, it might be best to attend your 9. (appoint) in good time. And if the worst comes to the worst, remember the old English proverb, “ 10. (well) late than never.”
