Researchers are trying to figure out exactly when and where a lizard got trapped in the sap(汁、液) of a tree. Over time, the tree sap turned into amber (琥珀), preserving the lizard’s mains, which a man discovered and donated to the Miller Museum of geology at Queen’s University. But the man didn’t report the amber’s age and where he got it.
“The man who donated it died, unfortunately,” said Ellen Handyside, an undergraduate student at Queen’s University. “We are really starting from scratch in determining its history Ellen Handyside is leading the research into the amber-surrounded lizard. She and her colleagues analyzed the chemical composition of the 4.7-inch -long piece of amber and learned some facts. “The amber wasn’t actually artificial,” she told Live Science, “and we found that it did match up quite well to an amber sample.”
The researchers analyzed the amber's carbon and hydrogen isotopes(同位素) and the results indicated that the amber was formed from the sap of a flowering tree. Moreover, the results suggested that the tree and the lizard, for that matter, lived in an area with a lot of rainfall and dated to the Neogene, a period that lasted from the end of the Paleogene Period 23.03 million years ago to the beginning of the present Quatemary Period. Next, the scientific team realized that the 2.7-inch-long lizard was likely a gecko(壁虎), according to a detailed, 3D, digital model of the animal’s body that the researchers created through X-ray microscopy scans.
“We looked at the skull ---the teeth are in place and the ear bones are there too. And we’ve even got some flesh, skin and its long toes,” Handyside said. “It’s fantastic!” She said she hoped that they could figure out how the creature fit into the gecko family tree. “When you think of a gecko, you think of short and fat toes and sticky pads. That isn’t what we’re looking at, but it’s more likely to live in trees. If it were a tree-living creature, then its death actually could make more sense,” Handyside said.
1.What can probably be inferred about the amber?
A. It was obtained by a museum at a low price.
B. Its original owner knew nothing about it.
C. It was found to be a unique type of amber.
D. Its donor didn't say much about its history.
2.What was found about the lizard through studying isotopes?
A. Its category.
B. Its shape.
C. Its living habit.
D. Its living surroundings.
3.What can we learn from Handyside’s words?
A. The Lizard's death was caused by a gecko,
B. The lizard has fat and short toes.
C. The lizard is preserved very well.
D. The lizard belongs to the tree living creature.
4.What does the author mainly tell us in this passage?
A. The discovery of a piece of natural amber.
B. The mystery about a piece of amber.
C. The research into a piece of amber.
D. The meaningful death of a lizard.
Calorie(卡路里)counts are everywhere. They appear on restaurant menus, milk boxes and bags of baby carrots. Grocery stores display lots of foods packaged with bright and colorful “low-calorie” claims.
A calorie is the measure of stored energy in something---energy that can be released as heat when burned. The term calorie on food labels is short for kilocalorie. A kilocalorie is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius. But what does boiling water have to do with your body’s release of energy from food? After all, your body doesn’t start boiling after eating. It does, however, chemically break down food into sugars. The body then releases the energy to fuel processes and activities throughout each hour of the day.
Food contains three main types of nutrients that deliver energy: fats, proteins and carbs(碳水化合物). A process called metabolism(新陈代谢) first cuts these into small pieces; Proteins break down into amino acids(氨基酸), fats into fatty acids and carbs into simple sugars. Then, the body uses oxygen to break down these materials to release heat.
Most of this energy goes toward powering the heart, lungs, brain and other vital processes. Exercise and other activities also use energy. If energy-rich nutrients aren’t used right away, your body will hoard them---first in the liver(肝脏), and then later as body fat.
In general, someone should eat the same amount of energy each day as his or her body will use. If the balance is off, they will win lose or gain weight. It’s very easy to eat more calories than the body needs. Having two 200-calorie donuts in addition to regular meals could easily put teens over their daily needs. At the same time, it’s nearly impossible to balance overeating with extra exercise. Running a mile burns just 100 calories. Knowing how many calories are in the food we eat can help keep the energy in and out balanced.
1.How much energy does it need to lift the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 degree Celsius?
A. One kilocalorie.
B. Five kilocalories.
C. Ten kilocalories.
D. Fifty kilocalories.
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. How the nutrients are classified.
B. How oxygen works in human body.
C. How the food types affect metabolism.
D. How the body gets heat from nutrients.
3.What does the underlined word “hoard” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Store.
B. Remove.
C. Replace.
D. Burn.
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. It is good for our health to do exercises.
B. It’s really difficult to control our weight.
C. It is important to control the calories we take.
D. It is good for our body to eat the same type of nutrients.
When I was young, I left a high-school-teaching job to go graduate school again. In one of my first classes, I studied the poetry of Thomas Eliot. I felt hopeless when my high school Webster’s Dictionary tuned silent each time I tried to look up words like “estaminet” or “juvescence”. I needed a new book the Oxford English Dictionary, whose price was $300.
On a cold night, my husband and I set out for a bookstore in Atlanta. I breathlessly asked the clerk for my book, which was kept far behind the counter, paid quickly so that I would have no time to imagine people’s thoughts that I was mad, and rushed back to our truck, carrying the great weight of Oxford English Dictionary.
Don’t get me wrong: I never turn down a trip to the library, but I know that there is something mysterious and spiritual ---to own your own good books, and to spend your earthly money on a piece of heavenly art to pass it down to future generations.
I have been the recipient of many of these passed-down books. My father worked as a plumber, who was often busy repairing things like water pipes. He never made the extravagant (奢侈的) purchases as I did, but I remember his going to the Aspen Used Book store on the weekends. He would take hundreds of used books and trade them for wonderful sets of classics. He would also go in there and come out with how-to books about fixing the leaks. He would neatly arrange the classics in our basement where I, at the age of nine or ten, would spend all summer there reading Greek and Roman myths.
One day, I’ll have to leave my library, but I’m pleased to know that my children will have all my books about Southern literature and modern poetry. They might say, “Look, Mama surely loved Flannery O’Connor.” Or “I wonder why she had three copies of T.S. Eliot: Collected Poems?”
1.Why did the author feel hopeless about her high school dictionary?
A. It was out of date and of no use.
B. It failed to cover enough words.
C. It often gave wrong explanations.
D. It couldn’t offer the exact meaning.
2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A. The Oxford English Dictionary was very popular.
B. The author felt it an adventure to buy the dictionary.
C. The author regretted buying the dictionary at first.
D. Few people would buy the Oxford English Dictionary.
3.What do we know about the author’s father?
A. He was inspired to read books by his daughter.
B. He loved books despite not being well educated.
C. He improved his professional skills through books.
D. He spent lots of his salary buying wonderful book.
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Books at all costs
B. Father’s special bookstore
C. The Oxford English Dictionary
D. Studying the poetry of T.S. Eliot
TRINOLONE ORAL PASTE
COMPOSITION: Each gram contains 1 mg Triamcinolone Acetonide.
INDICATIONS: Trinolone oral paste provides curative, suppressant or arneliorative action in acute and chronic lesions of the oral mucosa.
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Intolerance to the preparation is rare. When used as recommended, systemic effects are very unlikely. However, if any unusual symptoms such as weakness or dizziness should occur, they should be called to the attention of the patient’s physician.
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Because it contains a corticosteroid, the preparation is contraindicated in the presence of fungal or bacterial infections of the mouth or throat. Corticosteroids given in high dosage during pregnancy may affect adrenal development in the child.
DOSAGE: Apply a small dab to coat the lesion with a thin film. Do not rub in. It should be applied at bedtime to permit steroid contact with the lesion throughout the night. Depending on the severity of symptoms, it may be necessary to apply the preparation 2 or 3 times a day, preferably after meals. If significant repair or regeneration has not occurred in 7 days consult the doctor.
INCOMPATIBILITIES: There is no known incompatibilities to the use of Trinolone oral paste.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: There is no known drug interactions to the use of Trinolone oral paste.
STORAGE: Store in well closed containers, at room temperature. Protect from light.
MANUFACTURED BY: NIDA PHARMA INCORPORATION CO. LTD. Wang Noi, Ayutthaya, Thailand.
1.Who had better not use this oral paste?
A. Children under seven
B. Pregnant women
C. Old people
D. People with heart disease
2.When should the patient usually apply the medicine?
A. 8:00am
B. 11:00am
C. 5:00pm
D. 9:00 pm
3.What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To direct how to use a kind of medicine.
B. To present the advantages and disadvantages of a kind of medicine.
C. To share the experience of using a kind of medicine.
D. To advtersie a kind of medicine.
假定你是高中生李华，你曾在美国做交换生的学校校报给你写信约稿。“Foreign Culture” 栏目拟刊登介绍中国高中生学习生活及梦想的短文。请根据下列要点完成你的短文。
1. 介绍中国高中生的学习生活，如：学年，学科情况。
2. 介绍中国高中生的假期，课外活动情况。
3. 介绍你周围同学业余爱好和梦想。
注意：1. 词数120字左右。
2. 增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 高考：CEE (College Entrance Examination)
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请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉；
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
John, a little boy living next door to me, liked fast food very much. His parents was so busy that they had a little time to cook for him at home. So they often took him eat fast food. That’s because John became overweight. My mother had always told his parents that too much fast food was harmful, and they ignored my mother’s advices. Recently, the doctor warned him not to eat fast food any more after the poor boy has a physical examination. Her parents came to realize what a terribly mistake they had made. Now John’s mother often comes to ask my mother for advice in how to make healthy food.
