Question

Brush, ink, inkstone and paper are known as the Four Treasures of the Scholar’s Studio. 1.

The brush pen was used as early as the seventh or sixth century BC. The holder is usually made of bamboo.  Different from the pen we use today,  the tip of the brush pen is soft and big. 2.The animal hair used is extremely important to the quality of the brush, but the material for the holder is relatively less important.

The brush was used with ink, basically made from pine soot (松烟) or lampblack and glue with many other kinds of additives. 3.A writer then rubs the dry ink stick against an inkstone, a polished and often decorative piece of stone with a shallow bowl carved into one end. Water is added to the shallow bowl, while the writer moves the ink stick in a circular motion (运动) to form dark, liquid ink. 4.

Archaeological (考古学的) evidence shows paper was invented around the first century BC. People used materials such as raw hemp (生麻) and tree bark to produce paper. 5.By the third century, paper was already widely used instead of traditional writing materials such as bamboo slips and silks.

A. It is usually made of wolf, rabbit, or goat hair.

B. Brush pens were used to write and paint as well.

C. Ink is kept as a solid, dry stick until ready for use.

D. In the past, the scholar-official class used these treasures as tools of writing.

E. Since these materials were readily available, paper was inexpensive to produce.

F. So some inkstones with fine decorations can fetch really high prices on the market.

G When a desired blackness of ink is reached, the writer then uses the brush to lift the ink directly from the inkstone.

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.C

4.G

5.E

【解析】 本文考查的历史知识。笔、墨、纸、砚被称为中国的“文房四宝" ，是古代写作的工具。本文简单介绍了文房四宝是如何制作而成的。

1.D

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。笔、墨、纸、砚被称为“文房四宝"。根据下文介绍的过去如何用毛笔写字可知，本句是对下文的总结，故D项（过去士大夫阶层把这些宝物作为写作的工具。）符合题意，故选D项。

2.A

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句“Different from the pen we use today, the tip of the brush pen is soft and big.”及下句“The animal hair used is extremely important to the quality of the brush,”可知毛笔要用动物的毛作的，分析选项可知本段The animal hair与A项中的wolf, rabbit, or goat hair有词的复现，且A项（它通常由狼、兔子或山羊毛制成）句意符合题意，故选A项。

3.C

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据第3小题的前后内容可知，本空讲述毛笔用的墨是固体的，用时加水磨成。分析选项可知C项所说的和研墨有关，故选C项。

4.G

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句内容可知，墨水研成了之后，自然就是用毛笔直接浸入墨水中再写字。分析选项可知G项符合题意。

5.E

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析第5小题所在的段落是讲述纸的发明。可知只有E项与纸有关。再看空前的内容：“人们使用原料如大麻和树皮造纸”， 可知麻与树皮是现成的，所以这样造纸的成本很便宜。故E项符合题意。

【名师点睛】七选五题型解题技巧

该题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性。（即空格前后句间关系。 该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。

正确的解题思路分为两步：

（1）首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。

（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第5小题，通过阅读选项所在的段落可知，第5小题所在的段落是讲述纸的发明。可知只有E项与纸有关。再看空前的内容：“人们使用原料如大麻和树皮造纸”， 可知麻与树皮是现成的，所以这样造纸的成本很便宜。故E项符合题意。

（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。如第2小题，分析选项可知本段The animal hair与A项中的wolf, rabbit, or goat hair有词的复现，且A项句意符合题意，故选A项。

（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。