Question

Human brains begin growing and developing at a very young age. They learn from the simplest experiences ,which enable your children to be aware of the world. There’s no denying that outdoor play helps a lot!

Times when children have to wait for their turns on playground equipment and following the playground rules by sharing, all these form components of healthy social-emotional development. Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time.

As parents or caregivers, it is fairly simple to support your child’s social-emotional skills. Acts like holding him, touching him, and speaking to him and giving him loving care and attention are all helping factors. When you allow them freedom to play, it is important to follow their interests in helping build their social-emotional skills.

Difficulties in social-emotional skills can often lead to children having trouble when playing with other children. Becoming easily angry or not empathizing(理解)with other children are all signs that may point in this direction. This can in turn lead to them not empathizing with the needs of other children.

As for the development of cognitive(认知的)skills, these develop through practice and opportunity over time. And while some cognitive skills may be genetic, most are learned through real life situations. In other words, learning and thinking skills can be improved through experiences.

To enable them to learn, it is important that we are mindful of what our children are interested in. And this realization is only set in place once the child is given enough and time to grow and explore.

Depriving children of such experiences can mean that they might struggle with higher-level thinking skills. And while it is normal to keep them safe, we forget that by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.

1.What can playing with other children greatly help children do?

A. Learn from other children

B. Develop their social emotion

C. Promote their personal hobbies

D. Help them to control their emotion

2.What usually brings trouble to a child while playing with other children?

A. Not understanding others

B. Caring too much about others

C. Lacking social emotional skills

D. Being more selfish than selfless

3.What does the underlined word “depriving” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Taking away    B. Providing for

C. Referring to    D. Focusing on

4.What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To call on us to promotes children’s interest

B. To show us the importance of social emotions

C. To tell us how to improve children’s social emotions

D. To persuade parents to allow their children to play outdoors

Answer

1)outdoor play helps a lot;2) develop their social-emotional skills through practice; by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good. ☞D选项To persuade parents to allow their children to play outdoors

【解析】 本文属于社会类问题。通过分析户外玩耍对孩子的成长的利与弊，劝说家长让孩子在户外玩耍。

1.B

推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后一句“Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time.”及第三段最后一句“When you allow them freedom to play, it is important to follow their interests in helping build their social-emotional skills.” 通过这两句可推断出当孩子们玩耍时可帮助他们培养社会情感技能，故远B。

2.C

细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Difficulties in social-emotional skills can often lead to children having trouble when playing with other children.” 社交情感技巧的困难常常会导致孩子与其他孩子玩耍时有困难。而社会情感技巧的困难即是缺乏社交情感技巧导致孩子难以与别的孩子一起玩，故选C。

3.A

猜测词义题。倒数第二段最后一句“. And this realization is only set in place once the child is given enough and time to grow and explore.” 只有孩子得到足够的时间和成长和探索，这种认识才会到位。最后一段最后一句“by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.” 通过减少他们玩的时间，我们实际上造成的伤害大于好处。可知如果不让孩子玩即剥夺了孩子玩耍的时间会造成更多的伤害，故deprive指的是take away，带走，剥夺。故选A

【名师点睛】主旨大意型

每篇文章都会有一个主旨大意。此题型要求考生分析文章的篇章结构在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。

4.D

【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意中的一一主旨类。答案需要看第二段的最后一句找主题句。

【答案定位】根据1)第一段最后一句“There’s no denying that outdoor play helps a lot!” 无可否认，户外运动（对孩子的大脑成长）有很大帮助。2)第二段最后一句“Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time.”社交情感技能是通过玩形成的。3)最后一段最后一句“by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.”减少孩子玩的时间弊大于利。分析这三句可知文章的主要目的是劝说父母允许孩子在户外玩耍。

【推理关系】题干What is the main purpose of the text? ☞文章内容（中心句）