CORAL reefs are,in fact,a necessary part of our ecosystem and provide opportunities for human beings to gain a better understanding of the ocean.Unfortunately,they're also disappearing faster than ever.
According to a warning by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) on Oct.8,the world is in its third recorded global coral bleaching（白化）since 1998 and 2010.This means no place with coral has been spared,as coral reefs are coming into contact with increasingly warm seas,which is leading to them dying off in large numbers.
Coral bleaching is like human cancer.It happens when corals are under stress from changes in light,nutrients,or temperature.This causes the coral to drive away the symbiotic algae（共生藻类）,living within their tissues（组织）, which play an important role in providing food for coral while making it colorful.Without the algae,coral reefs become pale and weak.In some cases they are not able to recover and eventually die off.
The current coral bleaching event started back in late 2014 and continued into this year with no signs of stopping.The BBC reports that 35% of coral reefs in the world will likely be affected,and an estimated 4,633 square miles (about 120,000 square kilometers) of coral reefs could die.
The loss of coral reefs is no small matter.Although they only take up 0.1% of the ocean floor,coral is home to about 25% of marine life.This isn't just a problem for divers and fish,as Eakin pointed out.Coral reefs are important globally,he added,as they protect shorelines,produce money in tourism,and help provide food for 500 million people worldwide.So people cannot overlook the environmental,economic and social effects of the loss.
The NOAA warning about coral bleaching came just about two months before a global climate summit（峰会）in Paris,where hundreds of world leaders will attempt to work our a plan to fight climate change.
Oceans will be a key subject during the summit,and Eakin says there's an "absolutely urgent need" for action.
1.Coral reefs,according to the passage,are dying off in large numbers as a result of .
A. disease B. warm seas
C. dirty water D. a lack of fool
2.What keeps coral reefs colorful?
A. Nutrients. B. Their tissues.
C. Light from seawater. D. The symbiotic algae.
3.The climate summit in Paris .
A. will be held two months before he NOAA warning about coral bleaching
B. has worked out a plan to fight climate change
C. will mainly discuss the problem of oceans
D. will regard oceans as a key topic of the global climate
4.Why are coral reefs important?
a.They protect shorelines.
b.They are beneficial to tourism.
c.They are home to most marine life.
d.They help provide food for 500 million people.
A. a b d B. a c d
C. a b c D. b c d
Phyllis Ramberg,85,lives alone in Hyattsville,Maryland,in the same house for many decades.“Children keep asking me,‘When are you going to move to one of those retirement villages?’I say,‘No,no.My friends are here, my church is close,’”Ramberg said."I've got everything I need,right in this neighborhood."A year ago,Ramberg was able to take care of her backyard.This year,she just can't do it herself."When illnesses happen,you just don't have the capability that you thought you had before,"she said.
That's where "Aging in Place",a non-profit organization,comes in.Founder Lisa Walker says she and her friends are among the seven percent of Hyattsville residents who are 65 or older."A number of my neighbors are also around my age,"Walker said."We started talking about some of the concerns we had.Several of us had had issues with parents that were getting older and they were far away from them and didn't know how to take care of them or get support."
Seniors can call Walker's organization with a request,for example,asking for someone to shop for groceries,do small chores around the house or drive them to the doctor.Then a volunteer is assigned to provide the help.Most of the calls are for rides to the doctor."They take me to all my medical appointments,"said Louise Battiste,who is almost 90.
Aging in Place volunteer Sally Middlebrooks says that a review of new volunteers' background,such as driving records and any criminal history is just as important as the training they receive.“We want the seniors,people we call neighbors,to be assured that they are with safe,reliable people who are also caring people,”Middlebrooks said.
The volunteers also gain some benefits."I've learned how to stay connected to people,your family and friends," Walker said."Do I stay close to them?Do I try to keep myself devoted to the community,relating to people younger than I am?"Middlebrooks said."I'm learning a lot about this whole process of aging,and I'm learning,to my alarm,that it's very difficult.But I'm also meeting people who amaze me with their flexibility and their sense of humor and their ability to stay very much alive despite aches and pains."
Not all volunteers are retired.Courtney Wattai,24,is a graduate student at American University in Washington who studies care giving and plans to have a career working with seniors."That's kind of what I want to do because I want to make sure I'm able to improve their lives,"Wattai said.“I want to be involved in their lives,not just sitting at a desk doing things.I thought this would be a good way to give tribute to my grandparents and what they had done for me and my brother."
It makes Walker happy to see the younger generation stepping up.She hopes that's how residents in her neighborhood will always care for each other.
1.Why do people who want to be volunteers need to be checked?
A. Because seniors in the neighborhood just don't have the capability that they had before.
B. Because Aging in Place makes volunteers get connected to people,their family and their friends.
C. Because Aging in Place plans for them to have a career working with seniors.
D. Because Aging in Place wants to make sure the volunteers are qualified for their work.
2.In paragraph 5,by quoting Walker and Middlebrooks,the writer wants to show .
A. staying connected to people is volunteers' responsibility
B. the work of caring for the old also brings good to the volunteers
C. the process of aging is very difficult for the volunteers to understand
D. the old people's ability of surviving the hardships is amazing
3.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 6?
A. Respect. B. Care.
C. Award. D. Aid.
4.It can be inferred from the passage that Walker is about the future of Aging in Place.
A. concerned B. optimistic
C. doubtful D. pessimistic
What can technology do to make your world better?Three young people are starting new businesses to answer that question.
Mateusz Mach
Eighteen-year-old Mateusz Mach was the youngest person in Poland to receive money from investors to expand his company.He started Five,a mobile messaging application,or app,for deaf people.The app lets deaf people create their own hand signs to communicate with friends.The app now has more than 10,000 deaf users.And Mach thinks there will be about 150,000 more deaf users in the U.S. next year.There are many different sign languages in various parts of the world.Mach will be working with the United Nations in New York.He says,"I love to create.And I think that the creation of things will be my passion to the end of my life."
William Zhou
William Zhou is the co-founder and leader of Chalk.com.The education software company helps teachers from the kindergarten level t0 12th grade,or the end of secondary school.Zhou was born in Beijing,China,grew up in the Canadian city of Vancouver and founded his first company when he was still in high school.Zhou sold the company when he was studying computer science at Canada's University of Waterloo.But he strongly wanted to make a change in education,From his dorm room,Zhou created Chalk.It is a group of programs that supports individual teaching and learning.Based in Canada,Chalk is now used in 20,000 schools by more than 100,000 users worldwide. Zhou says building startups is a difficult process because it could last years."It's only worth it if you find something you truly care about—something you're passionate about.Otherwise,you may just end up crashing."
George Mtemaharji
George Mtemahanji was born in the African country of Tanzania and moved with his family to Italy in 2002, where he attended the Technical Institute of Alfredo Ferrari in Maranello.There he learned about renewable energy and began thinking that solar energy would be easier to use in Africa than in Europe.After graduation,he returned to Tanzania in 2014 to start his own solar energy company—Sun Sweet Solar—in partnership with his friend Manuel Rolando.He explains that he could not understand why,in a place with bright sunshine,"more than 90 percent of people had no access to electricity.So when I returned to Italy I spoke with Manuel on the huge electricity demand in Tanzania and to the possibility to open a business there."Sun Sweet Solar found early success in rural areas of Tanzania.Since then,the company has been expanding.He hopes to create jobs and help build his country in the process.He understands the process will take time."But I think we are on the right path."
1.We can infer from paragraph 2 that .
A. Mach believes helping deaf people is where his interest lies
B. Mach wants to attract more investment
C. Mach will try to make Five available to people from different countries
D. the number of deaf users of the app will surely increase
2.What is true about William Zhou?
A. William Zhou founded Chalk.com with his own efforts and passion.
B. Chalk.com is a group of programs that helps teaching and learning through to university level.
C. Zhou believes building a company is hard because you may just end up in failure.
D. William Zhou created Chalk.com.with the purpose of improving education.
3.According to paragraph 4,all the following statements are true except .
A. George Mtemahanji's schooling in the institute helped form his idea of starting his business
B. George Mtemahanji co-founded Sun Sweet Solar together with his friend Manuel Rolando
C. after its early success in rural areas of Tanzania,Sun Sweet Solar has been going downward
D. George Mtemahanji's efforts will be long-lasting and beneficial to his people and country
假如你是李明，你给好友李华发一封e-mail，告诉他你是怎样度过十一长假的。内容包括：
1.父母和我决定骑自行车族附近的农村进行两日游；
2.清晨7:00出发，进行钓鱼野餐等活动；
3.放松身心，享受自然美景；
4.晚上住在叔叔家，第二天下午返回。
要求：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ling Hua,
The National Day is over.We spent a happy 7-day long leave._______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
每个句子有一处错误，仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
1.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything?
2.I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary like most people do.
3.My sister has fallen in love with a young man for two years.
4.It was the first time that I have visited the beautiful city.
5.Do you know there are more than one kind of English?
6.Native English speakers can understand each other if they don't speak the same kind of English.
7.Today the number of people learning English in China are increasing rapidly.
8.It was in the park where an accident happened to the old man.
9.Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places,but she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
10.The report is basing on the data from six different cities.
Everyone has a childhood and childhood experiences are often very1.(interest).Children often make us laugh.
I often remember my childhood,the years2.many funny things happened.When I was two-year-old child,both my parents were always very busy3.their work.My mother worked as4.sales manager in a company while my father served in the army.So I5.(live) with my grandma in a village.I was always waiting for my parents at home. Once my father sent6.(we) a photo of his in soldier's uniform,which7.(post) on the table reminding me of him.
Once my mother came to see me and we were8.(go) to the downtown together.On the way we saw a group of9.(soldier).And when I saw them,I became very excited.I shouted in a loud voice,"This is my father,that one is my father,and he is my father,too..."
10.(hear) this,my mother laughed and said she would remember that moment all her life.
