Like most of you, I’ve grown up with science putting it into my head that eating Cholesterol (胆固醇) is bad for us. My doctor has scolded me repeatedly for liking high-cholesterol snacks. But now, after 40 years of giving cholesterol such a rap, the scientific experts are reportedly ready to reverse (颠倒) themselves. Suddenly, we’re going to be told that high-cholesterol foods are not bad for us after all.
This isn’t the first time science reverses what it believes to be true, nor will it be the last. To optimists, the fluidity of science’s conclusions is a good thing - prove that science is always correcting itself in light of the very latest information. But a modem society that looks increasingly to science for not just what to eat, but also how to behave and what to think? How can we trust an authority that often changes its mind in extreme ways?
Science’s typical way isn’t limited to matters of nutrition. Go ahead and check it out for yourself by looking at the qualifiers used in the vast majority of honestly written science news articles. You’ll see that the stories are laced with weak words and phrases such as: some, in certain circumstances, probably, perhaps, may, could, tends, suggests, indicates, according to, is linked to, plays a role in. The grave problem I’ve observed over the years is that too often science and its reporters create the impression of certainty when none is proved. The cholesterol story is but one example of that make-believe certainty.
How much should we be concerned about this? A great deal, I believe, given science’s great and growing influence on our lives. At the very least, each of us needs to -understand that the scientific worldview — impressive as it surely is — is built on shifting sands. As Einstein once observed, “No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right; a single experiment can prove me wrong.”
1.The underlined part “giving cholesterol such a rap” (in Para. 1) means the author .
A. always promotes use of cholesterol B. sometimes stands for cholesterol
C. avoids cholesterol generally D. eats cholesterol regularly
2.In the eyes of the author, changes in scientific statements .
A. are worrying B. are meaningless
C. are a good thing in a way D. are the major way to improve science
3.According to the text, which of the following is NOT the word commonly used in scientific articles?
A. Likely B. Surely
C. Seems D. Appears
4.What can be concluded from the passage?
A. Science can blind us.
B. Science need be open to doubt.
C. Science is not as important as thought.
D. Science should be built on experiments.
A new program makes finding friends in the school cafeteria a piece of cake. “Sit With Us” helps students who have difficulty finding a place to sit find a welcoming group in the lunchroom. The app allows students to recognize themselves as “ambassadors,” thereby inviting others to join them. Ambassadors can then post “open lunch” events, which signal to anyone seeking company that they’re invited to join the ambassadors’ table.
Natalie Hampton, a 16-year-old from California, is the designer of Sit With Us; which was posted on September 9. She was inspired to create it after she ate alone her entire seventh grade year. The situation left Hampton feeling vulnerable and made her a target for bullying (欺负).
Hampton, now a junior, is attending a different school and is trying socially. Yet, the memory of sitting alone and being bullied still affects her, especially since she knows her experience isn’t an isolated one. Hampton said the reason why she felt an app like this was necessary, is because it prevents kids from being publicly rejected and being considered social outcasts by their classmates. “This way it’s in secret It’s through the phone. No one else has to know,” she explained, “And you know that you’re not going to be rejected once you get to the table.”
When students — especially the “cool kids” — stand up to builying, it has an important effect. During a 2015-2016 school year, over 50 New Jersey middle schools provided their most socially able students with social media tools and encouragement to deal with it, and saw a reduction in student conflict reports by 30 percent.
Hampton said that since she opened the app last week, she’s already getting positive responses from her classmates. “People are already posting open lunches at my school,” she told the program. “So I’m happy that things are already kicking off with a great start.”
1.Who may need Sit With Us?
A. A student lonely when eating. B. A student with bad eating habits.
C. A student liking creative activities. D. A student fond of social gatherings.
2.When one posts an open lunch event on Sit With Us, it shows he or she .
A. is in low spirits B. needs protection
C. wants to have friends D. will treat others to a big meal
3.The underlined word ‘“it” (in Para. 4) refers to the problem of .
A. encouraging others B. cheating others
C. bullying others D. helping others
4.What do students think of the app Sit With Us?
A. They welcome it. B. They are crazy about it.
C. They hesitate to accept it. D. They hold a mixed opinion to it.
Earlier this summer, Carol LeResche got the phone call she’d been waiting for. A tourist was picking zucchini (西葫芦) at Thorne Rider Park. “It’s exactly what we hoped would happen when we put in the food forest,” explained LeResche, the park’s food forest founder. In May, he received a $ 3,500 fund. The money was to help turn a former park into an edible (可食用的) landscape. It’s a place where all of the fruits, vegetables and nuts are free for the taking.
Unlike some parks with strict “no picking” policies, food forests are designed to provide colorful crops. People are encouraged to harvest them. “We think it’s important to put public food in public spaces,” she said. The desire to know more about where our food comes from is one of the reasons there is a real trend toward agriculture into neighborhoods and communities. There, people can participate in tours and classes or relax among the fruit trees. Food forests provide different kinds of fresh produce more than we can buy.
Food forests are based on a model valuing sustainable and mostly self-sufficient agricultural production. The food forest model requires less chemical fertilizer and less labor than traditional agriculture. An edible forest is designed to develop without pesticides or weeding.
Since the concept is relatively new, and it takes at least three years for fruit and nut trees and berry bushes to start producing meaningful amounts of fresh food, it’s hard to know whether food forests will have an impact on food deserts. Volunteer-driven projects can fall apart if the group loses interest. Lack of funding can also be problematic. Pests also are an often-cited concern.
After all and above all, LeResche explained, food forests are about a lot more than food. “We also want to provide a gathering space that is productive and beautiful where people can develop a relationship with each other and get connected.”
1.Compared with common food bought, what is special about the food in edible forests?
A. It tastes better. B. It has more varieties.
C. It has funny appearances. D. It’s produced free of fertilizer.
2.What is stressed in Paragraph 4?
A. Food forests may disappear soon.
B. Food forests have a long way to go.
C. Food forests waste lots of natural resources.
D. Food forests seem imaginary and impossible.
3.As for LeResche, what is the most important role of food forests?
A. A way to relax and entertain. B. A way to solve food shortage.
C. A way to be thankful for nature. D. A way to meet and make friends.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To call help. B. To raise money.
C. To compare and argue. D. To inform and introduce.
Books You’ll Need For Your Shelf In Fall 2017
♦ Swing Time
- By Zadie Smith
The author of countless essays has a new work of fiction on the way, and, once again, she’s looking at young women of color finding their lives as they grow into adulthood. In Swing Time, it’s two friends who share a passion for dancing. As the women reach their 20s, they part ways — but their friendship continues throughout their lives.
♦ Another Place You’ve Never Been
-By Rebecca Kauffman
Her collection is a set of connected stories, each about a young woman named Tracy who lives and works as a waitress. The stories follow Tracy from childhood to present day, through parties into the working world. Some are showed by Tracy herself, but we’re given a fuller view of her character from stories told from eyes of others.
♦ Moonglow
-By Michael Chabon
Michael Chabon drew inspiration for his new novel from stories his grandfather told in 1989 — stories of a colorful life that touched on unexpected bits of history. It promises to bear all of Chabon’s best qualities: amazing accounts, real and knowable characters, and a taste of top humor.
♦ Whatever Happened to Interracial Love?
-By Kathleen Collins
Kathleen Collins died in 1988 at just 46. Written several decades ago, the stories offer an honest, artful peephole into the thoughts and experiences of the black people and women about whom Collins writes.
1.If Andy wants to read something funny, whose book can be recommended?
A. Zadie Smith B. Michael Chabon
C. Kathleen Collins D. Rebecca Kauffman
2.In which part of a library can we probably find Swing Time?
A. Math B. Women
C. History D. Medicine
3.The book Another Place You \e Never Been is written by following .
A. order of time B. order of space
C. order of importance D. order of emergency
假如你叫李华，参加了学校开展的“有困难向谁求助(Who do you turn to when in trouble?)”的调查活动，调查结果如下表。请用英语给报社编辑写一封信，反映以下内容。
求助对象 | 比例 | 理由 |
同学、朋友 | 58% | 年龄相仿，容易理解与交流 |
老师、家长 | 30% | 有爱心，有经验，可以信任 |
无 | 12% | 不愿与人交流，难以与人沟通 |
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.内容要点全面，并表达出你的观点；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
4.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
I’m a student in Senior Three. We have made a survey—Who do you turn to when in trouble? Here are the results:
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The class was coining to end. The teacher told the pupils not to draw anything on the wall in order to keep it cleanly. After class, Philip forgot that the teacher had said. He took a piece of red chalks and drew a sun on the wall. Just then he notices that the teacher was coming. He quickly covered his drawing with his back. The teacher didn’t find out what she was doing. But while the teacher went away, he turned around to see his drawing. To his surprised, he found nothing on the wall. He wondered where his drawing was. But when he got home after school he was punished by his mum because of the back of his shirt was covering with red color!
