The "One Belt One Road" strategy proposed by President Xi Jinping has drawn public attention to 1. oldest and longest trade route—Silk Road. The term in a narrow sense refers to an ancient overland trade route 2.form) in the Western Han Dynasty. This route stretched 4,350 miles from Chang's an to western China, central Asia, and even to Europe,3.(enable) theses regions to have better communications in diplomacy, business and culture.
China was the first country in the world to breed silkworms and produce silk fabric. This craft skill reached a 4.(fair) advanced level in the Zhou Dynasty. As a major export to Europe, "silk" was used to name this great route by a German geographer. China's silk5.(introduce) into western countries through this old trade route. People were6.(familiar) with his product at the beginning, and made many guesses at7.it was produced. According to the record, the idea that silk was picked from trees was widely accepted by folks in Europe.
8.(garment) made of this fabric were always best sellers, and were considered a social status symbol. Ever the gorgeous Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, was also a big fan of the silk. This fascination led to an increasing demand 9. this product, and promoted the10.(develop) of this trading route.
“Who can ever have imagined someone like me would make it this far?” asked Chad Wood last week during his high school graduation speech as the best student. Chad offered ___ to his fellow classmates to never give up---and the words ____ much more to himself. That’s because Chad is deaf, and he told the story of the serious troubles he ____ to graduate first in his class at Harrison High school in Kennesaw, Georgia.
Chad didn’t start to ____ until he was 5, according to his mother, Pam Wood. Although her son was _____a disadvantage, she was determined not to treat him_____. “I’ve expected him to do everything every other kid does, and I saw no ____ why he couldn’t,” she told ABC News. “And if he____ the first time, we just tried again.”
Chad, 17, worked hard throughout school, ____ no special treatment but sitting at the front of the class and using a special audio system so he could hear the teacher. All his hard work ____. He received full school fare to Vanderbilt University. “Deafness had taught me a lesson to never ____,” he said in the speech. “Not when the experts tell you it cannot be done. Not when you have ____ so far behind that escaping seems the only way ____. Not when achieving your dreams seems an entire ____.”
Chad spoke for about four minutes, after which he received a standing applause from the class and ____ messages from family, friends and strangers. “They’ve been sending me messages on Facebook, email, they’ve been talking to me in person telling me how it had a ____ on their lives and how they’re really ____ by it,” Chad told ABC News. “It feels ____. Seeing that my words ___ have a power on someone and that they want to work harder because of my words makes me feel ___.”
1.A. advice B. description C. warning D. information
2.A. recognized B. analysed C. meant D. described
3.A. needed B. faced C. consisted D. forecast
4.A. cry B. write C. smell D. hear
5.A. at B. for C. under D. by
6.A. kindly B. differently C. cruelly D. similarly
7.A. harm B. trouble C. reason D. conclusion
8.A. failed B. organized C. succeeded D. blamed
9.A. appealing B. receiving C. possessing D. operating
10.A. set off B. dropped off C. took off D. paid off
11.A. give in B. give out C. give up D. give away
12.A. waited B. fallen C. walked D. gone
13.A. up B. off C. in D. out
14.A. impossibility B. failure C. victory D. chance
15.A. awkward B. negative C. doubtful D. supportive
16.A. reward B. detail C. power D. source
17.A. defeated B. exposed C. educated D. puzzled
18.A. unwilling B. amazing C. shocking D. embarrassing
19.A. actually B. suddenly C. strangely D. extremely
20.A. astonished B. cautious C. confused D. wonderful
Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution?
Very small pieces of plastic, called microfibers, are polluting rivers and oceans.1.Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial material, which is useful in keeping warm. But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them. When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain (下水道) with the wash water.
2.
Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfibers in the environment.
Studies show very small microfibers are ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories. A 2015 study found them in fish from California.
Microfibers, effect on food supplies.
Beyond the waterways, the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands. 3.This means there is much to be learned about microfibers and the environment. Some studies have shown that microfibers end up inside sea animals, like oysters.4.Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish, but it needs more study.
Steps to save or keep microfibers from the environment.
Until more information becomes known, there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfibers in the environment. People should use less of the artificial materials. If we already have those in our lives and we’re using them, an important step would be washing them less.5.A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes. It traps the microfibers in the bag and it may be available for purchase soon.
A. New technology may also help.
B. Studies on microfibers in the environment.
C. They can also move around the atmosphere.
D. Studies on how much of the microfibers is released.
E. The source of these microfibers may surprise you: your clothes.
F. Washing machines keep microfibers from escaping with wash water.
G So if these microfibers have been found in fish and seafood, are they safe to eat?
Booking a trip on an online travel site is convenient, but comes with its own set of problems.
◆They know who's going to spend more.
Last year, US travel research company Orbitz tracked people's online activities to test out whether Mac users spend more on travel than PC users. It turns out that on average, Mac users lay out US $20-30 more per night on hotels. As a result, online travel sites show these users more expensive travel options first. To avoid paying more, sort results by price.
◆Their software doesn't always link to the hotel's system.
A guaranteed reservation is almost impossible to come by anywhere — but the risk of your flight or hotel being overbooked increases with third-party providers. The middleman's software isn't immune(防护作用的) to system errors, so always call the hotel or airline to make sure your booking was processed.
◆Don't be fooled by packages: Often, they're low-end items grouped together.
Ever notice how travel sites recommend a hotel, a rental car, and tour package all in one click? These deals usually feature travel that no one wants, like flights with multiple layovers(中途停留). Check the fine print.
◆Once your trip is purchased, you're on your own.
An online travel agency can't provide assistance the same way an agent can if a flight is cancelled or a room is substandard. Basically, when you arrive at the airport or hotel, you're just another customer who booked at the lowest rate.
1.What does the writer mainly intend to tell readers?
A. Steps of reserving a hotel on line
B. Tips of how to reserve flights on line
C. Problems about reserving a trip on line
D. Traps in reserving hotels and flights on line
2.Why do people probably spend more on their online reservation for trips?
A. They are shown less expensive travel options first
B. Some of the travel expenses are earned by Mac users
C. They book at prices recommended first by travel sites.
D. Their flights or hotels are overbooked by tourist agencies
3.What can we lean from the passage?
A. Booking online is better than booking in other ways
B. The third parties will provide good travel services on line
C. Few people book trips on line because of possible troubles
D. Travelers’ interests may not be guaranteed with booking on line.
The computer keyboard helped kill shorthand—a system of rapid handwriting, and now it’s threatening to finish off handwriting as a whole. When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2012, just 15% of the most1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive(手写体). The rest? Block letters.
And those college hopefuls are just the first edge of a wave of US students who no longer get much handwriting instructions in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.
There are those who say the culture is at a crossing, turning from the written word to the typed one. If handwriting becomes a lost form of communication, does it matter?
It was at University Virginia that researchers recently discovered a previously unknown poem by Robert, written in his unique script. Handwritten documents are more valuable to researchers, historians say, because their authenticity can be confirmed. Students also find them more fascinating.
The loss of handwriting also may be a cognitive(认知的) opportunity missed. Several academic studies have found that good handwriting skills at a young age can help children express their thoughts better—a lifelong benefit.
It doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills. At some schools in Prince George’s County, elementary school students use a program called Handwriting Without Tears for 15 minutes a day. They learn the correct formation of manuscript (手写的)letters through second grade, and cursive letters in third grade.
1.A poem by Robert mentioned in the passage is used to ____________.
A. prove how valuable handwriting is B. explain what a famous poet he is
C. show how unique his poem is D. stress how fascinating the documents are
2.According to the author, when is a perfect time to learn handwriting?
A. Kindergarten. B. Primary school.
C. High school. D. College.
3.The example of Handwriting Without Tears helps to argue that______.
A. the school are responsible for the loss of handwriting
B. the loss of handwriting is a cognitive opportunity missed
C. the culture is turning from the written word to the typed one
D. it doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills
4.What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
A. Pessimistic B. Sceptical
C. Critical. D. Supportive
Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go(围棋). So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI(artificial intelligence) to a game.
Why is poker so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions----tricky for computers. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.
Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, so our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, a researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的)networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).
Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.
Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”
After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.
1.Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?
A. Because humans are cleverer than the computer
B. Because humans practice playing the poker game every day
C. Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game
D. Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely
2.What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3mean?
A. Leaves B. Defeats
C. Cheats D. Serves
3.What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?
A. It solves problems correctly every time
B. It is the same as the learning of humans
C. It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task
D. It is more developed than the studying ways of humans
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A. The new procedure of AI has some features of humans
B. Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect
C. Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever
D. Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game
