B
（2017·浙江）Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画） by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said,＂Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.＂While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.
B. Williams’ influence on Benjamin.
C. The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.
D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
2. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A. The cat would be closely watched.
B. The cat would get some medical care.
C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
3.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B. He provided him with painting materials.
C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D. He taught him how to make engravings.
4. Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to ________.
A. master the use of paints
B. appreciate landscape paintings
C. get to know other painters
D. make up his mind to be a painter
A
(2016·浙江)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.
Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground — and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).
Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.
Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world — is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂
1.According to some developmental psychologists, .
A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game
B. scientific research into babies’ games is possible
C. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated
D. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment
2.We learn from Paragraph 2 that .
A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently
B. scientists and babies often interact with each other
C. babies are born with the knowledge of object support
D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do
3.Children may learn the rules of language by .
A. exploring the physical world B. investigating human psychology
C. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents’ behaviors
4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.
B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.
C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.
5. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?
A. Convincing. B. Confused.
C. Confident. D. Cautious.
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。
“Who can ever have imagined that someone like me would make it this far?” asked Chad Wood last week during his high school graduation speech as the best student. Chad offered 1 to his fellow classmates to never give up—and the words 2 much more to himself. That’s because Chad is deaf, and he told the story of the serious troubles he 3 to graduate first in his class at Harrison High school in Kennesaw, Georgia.
Chad didn’t start to 4 until he was 5, according to his mother, Pam Wood. Although her son was 5 a disadvantage, she was determined not to treat him 6 .“I’ve expected him to do everything every other kid does, and I saw no 7 why he couldn’t,” she told ABC News. “And if he 8 the first time, we just tried again.”
Chad, 17, worked hard throughout school, 9 no special treatment but sitting at the front of the class and using a special audio system so he could hear the teacher. All his hard work 10 . He received full school fare to Vanderbilt University. “Deafness had taught me a lesson to never 11 ,” he said in the speech. “Not when the experts tell you it cannot be done. Not when you have 12 so far behind that escaping seems the only way 13 . Not when achieving your dreams seems an entire 14 .”
Chad spoke for about four minutes, after which he received a standing applause from the class and 15 messages from family, friends and strangers. “They’ve been sending me messages on Facebook, email; they’ve been talking to me in person telling me how it had a 16 on their lives and how they’re really 17 by it,” Chad told ABC News. “It feels 18 . Seeing that my words 19 have a power on someone and that they want to work harder 20 my words makes me feel wonderful.”
1.A. warning B. description C. advice D. information
2.A. analysed B. meant C. recognized D. persuaded
3.A. needed B. faced C. consisted D. foresaw
4.A. cry B. write C. smell D. hear
5.A. at B. for C. under D. by
6.A. deadly B. kindly C. differently D. similarly
7.A. harm B. reason C. trouble D. conclusion
8.A. failed B. organized C. succeed D. blamed
9.A. receive B. receiving C. to receive D. received
10.A. set off B. dropped off C. took off D. paid off
11.A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give away
12.A. waited B. walked C. fallen D. gone
13.A. up B. off C. in D. out
14.A. impossibility B. success C. victory D. possibility
15.A. scientific B. negative C. supportive D. cautious
16.A. reward B. power C. source D. detail
17.A. defeated B. exposed C. educated D. puzzled
18.A. unwilling B. amazing C. shocking D. embarrassing
19.A. actually B. suddenly C. strangely D. extremely
20. A. apart from B. according to C. instead of D. because of
书面表达
体裁 | 话题 |
提纲作文，电子邮件 | 邀请朋友加入校乒乓球队 |
(2017·新课标全国卷III)假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：
1. 球队活动；
2. 报名方式及截止日期。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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完形填空
体裁 | 话题 | 词数 | 难度 | 建议时间 |
记叙文 | 我与乐于助人的学生Freddy | 280 | ★★★☆☆ | 17分钟 |
(2017·新课标全国卷II)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids 41 ＂The Thinking Laboratory.＂ That was the __42__ students voted for after deciding that ＂Room 104＂ was too 43 .
Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）. He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’ 46 .
Before the school year 47 , I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words ＂Verbs Are Your __49__＂ on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time, he __55__ a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the ＂Verbs＂ shirt and a __58__ from Freddy’s mother. ＂Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.＂
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy.
1.A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
2. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan
3.A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull
4. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker
5.A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh
6.A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake
7.A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended
8. A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message
9.A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks
10.A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever
11.A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates
12.A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation
13. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart
14.A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live
15.A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed
16. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting
17.A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored
18.A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held
19. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary
20.A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed
阅读理解
体裁 | 话题 | 词数 | 难度 | 建议时间 |
记叙文 | 我与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情 | 291 | ★★★☆☆ | 7分钟 |
(2017·新课标全国卷II，B)I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They had similar characteristics.
3.What does the underlined word ＂that＂ in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
