Question

What is waste and why does it matter?

Waste or rubbish is something that people throw away because they no longer need it or want it. Almost everything we do creates waste and as a society we are currently producing more waste than ever before. We do this at home and at work. The fact that we produce waste, and get rid of it, matters for the following reasons.

When something is thrown away we lose the natural resources, the energy and the time which have been used to make the product. The vast majority of resources that we use in manufacturing products and providing services cannot be replaced. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitely— we would run out.

When something is thrown away, we are putting pressure on the environment's ability to cope— in terms of the additional environmental impacts associated with extracting the new resources, manufacturing and distributing the goods, and in terms of the environmental impacts associated with getting rid of our rubbish.

When something is thrown away, we are not able to see it as a resource. It is well understood that what is waste to one person may not be viewed as waste by another. A good example of this is scrap metal（金属废料）which has been recycled for many years. Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than just throw it away.

The process of using up the earth's natural resources to make products which we then throw away, sometimes a very short time later, is not "sustainable" — in other words, it cannot continue indefinitely.

The way we consume materials will affect whether we have a sustainable society that leaves resources available for future generations to use. As consumers and producers, we are central to the concept of sustainability. We need to think about how we can get more out of less, how we can use less and throw away less and how we can do better things with our so-called "waste" than throw it away. We need to see "waste" as a "resource".

Title	The problem with waste
1.	Waste or rubbish is what people throw away when they do not need it or want it any longer.
Important 2.on society	The natural resources, the energy and the time used to make the product become 3.when something is thrown away. The vast majority of resources can’t be replaced and they would be 4.up. The environment's ability to extract the new resources, manufacture and distribute the goods and get rid of rubbish is 5. pressure. People 6. to see it as a resource. Increasingly, people are realizing that it makes both economic sense and environmental sense to use "waste" 7.of just throwing it away.
Result	We’ll leave fewer resources 8. for future generations to use.
9.	People should have the 10. of sustainability, thinking about getting more out of less, using less, throwing less and doing better things with it. People should see "waste" as a "resource".

Answer

1.Definition

2.impacts/effects

3.lost

4.used

5.under

6.fail

7.instead

8.available

9.Suggestions/Tips/Advice

10.sense / concept

【解析】本文为议论文。文章论述了什么是废品，废品对我们所产生的影响，呼吁人们正确地对待和使用生活中的废品。

1.根据右侧的“废品或垃圾是人们不再需要或不再想要它的时候，扔掉的东西”可知，此处指“概念”。故填Definition。

2.根据右侧描述可知，此处指“对社会的重要影响”。故填impacts/effects。

3.根据第三段中的When something is thrown away we lose the natural resources, the energy and the time which have been used to make the product.（当某物被扔掉时，我们失去了用于生产产品的自然资源、能源和时间）可知，此处指“失去的”。故填lost。

4.根据第三段中的The vast majority of resources that we use in manufacturing products and providing services cannot be replaced. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitely— we would run out.（我们在制造产品和提供服务方面所用的绝大多数资源是无法替代的。这些资源的使用不能无限期地继续下去——我们会用完它们）可知，此处指“它们会被用完”。故填used。

5.根据第四段中的When something is thrown away, we are putting pressure on the environment's ability to cope（当某物被扔掉时，我们对环境的应对能力施加了压力）可知，此处指“环境面临着提前新能源、制造和分配货物、清除垃圾的压力”，be under pressure“处于压力之中”。故填under。

6.根据第五段中的we are not able to see it as a resource.可知，人们没能把它当作一种资源，fail to do sth.“没能做成某事”。故填fail。

7.根据第五段中的Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than just throw it away.可知，人们越来越意识到使用“废物”而不是把它扔掉是有经济意义和环境意义的，instead of“而不是”。故填instead。

8.根据最后一段中的The way we consume materials will affect whether we have a sustainable society that leaves resources available for future generations to use. （我们消费材料的方式将影响我们是否有一个能留资源给后代使用的可持续发展社会）可知，我们留给后代可以使用的资源将会更少了。故填available。

9.根据右侧描述可知，此处指给人们的一些建议。故填Suggestions/Tips/Advice。

10.根据最后一段中的As consumers and producers, we are central to the concept of sustainability.可知，人们应该有可持续发展的概念或意识。故填sense/concept。

【名师点睛】

本题为任务型阅读，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。答题过程中要找准原文对应信息，如第7小题，根据文章第五段中Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than（关键信息） just throw it away.及题干Increasingly, people are realizing that it makes both economic sense and environmental sense to use "waste" ____7____of just throwing it away.可看出，题干与原文信息几乎是一样的，要求填写的词实际上就是要替换词组rather than，而instead of“而不是”正好符合此处语境，于是我们确定正确答案。其它小题，我们也可以看出，题干信息和原文信息存在着很大的相关性，都有关键信息和对应信息，做题时，细心一点，应该没有问题。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。