If you are afraid of the dark，it’s not a big deal．It’s perfectly normal to feel afraid After all，animals do too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist．“It’s a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”
Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways．A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell．A small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches．
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red—eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps（果冻一样的块状物）of their eggs to the undersides of leaves．The leaves hang on branches that dangle（悬挂）over ponds．After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles（蝌蚪）then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching．If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red—eyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs don’t always hatch sooner．It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger．Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos（胚胎）to grow big and strong．This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water．
1.It can be inferred from the passage that fears .
A. help animals grow bigger and stronger
B. are less common among young animals
C. help animals move a lot to fit the environment
D. are more or less important in order for animals to survive
2.We are told in the passage that tree frogs .
A. face danger both inside their eggs and in the water
B. will grow fast if they fall into the water later
C. are surprisingly clever when inside their eggs
D. stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened
3.Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because
A. They like falling into the water early
B. They want to grow into adult frog
C. They sense a hungry snake is about to attack
D. Frog embryos can grow strong
4.What is the best title of the passage ？
A. What is Fear B. Why do we feel afraid
C. You feel afraid，animals do too D. Fear is a good thing
5.What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?
A. Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule．
B. How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them．
C. Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way．
D. How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.
Parents are a child’s first teachers. But some parents never learned from good examples. In New York City, a nonprofit agency called Covenant House tries to help homeless young mothers become good parents.
The twelve or so teenagers who live at the shelter attend parenting classes four days a week. The class is called Mommy and Me. Teacher Delores Clemens is a mother of five and a grandmother. She teaches basic skills, like how to give a baby a bath and how to dress a baby depending on the season.
She remembers one student who learned from her mother not to pick up a crying baby. The mother said that would only make the child needy and overly demanding. Delores Clemens says, “that's not true. You have to hold your baby! He is crying for a reason. If you never pick him up, he's going to keep crying. Pick your baby up. Cuddle your baby. Hug him! And she started to do that. They just want a little cuddling and a little love. And it works!”
Delores Clemens says her students also learn how to be good mothers by letting themselves be mothered. Around three hundred fifty teenage mothers graduate from Covenant House's Mommy and Me class every year.
In class, with her baby son is Natasha. She lived on the streets. She is glad not only for the warmth and shelter of Covenant House. As she told reporter Adam Phillips, she is also glad for the help they offer in seeking a more secure life.
The World Health Organization says the United States has forty-one births for every one thousand girls age fifteen to nineteen. That is higher than other developed countries, as well as some developing ones. By comparison, northern neighbor Canada has fourteen births and southern neighbor Mexico has eighty-two.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. Parents who are a child’s first teachers.
B. A class where teens learn mothering and are mothered.
C. A nonprofit agency that offers a more secure life.
D. A kind teacher who help homeless young mothers.
2.Covenant Houses’ Mommy and Me class is intended to _____.
A. help homeless young mothers become good parents
B. provide homeless young mothers with a warm shelter
C. help mothers in New York be good parents
D. teach some parents how to love their children
3.What can we know about Delores Clemens from the text?
A. She has a mother of five and a grandmother.
B. She thinks a crying baby should be picked up and hugged.
C. She teaches advanced skills on how to be good mothers.
D. She is very glad for the warmth and shelter of Covenant House.
4.According to the World Health Organization, which country has the highest births for girls age fifteen to nineteen?
A. Canada B. the United States of America
C. Mexico D. Britain
假定你是李华，正在英国姐妹学校访学，住在当地人家里。今天你的房东Brown太太不在家。你要去图书馆，请给她写一张留言条，内容包括：
1．不回家吃晚饭
2．邻居Mary送来蛋糕，并邀请房东明天午餐；请房东给Mary回复
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Mrs Brown,
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Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Thirty years ago, my world almost fell apart. I had operation and was fired. In a few weeks, I saw an ad about a Spanish festival. Although I was very upset, and I decided to go. Here, I met a gentleman with who I chatted for hours. A few day later, I came home to found a letter at my door. It was from that friend. Inside the letter was a 1,000-dollar check to help me through his hard days. Sixteen years later, I met a family that bad needed help. I gave them enough money to get through. They called me their angel, but I told them I once had an angel, also.
Sending your child to piano or violin lessons in an attempt to improve their academic achievement is a waste of money, according to scientists. 1. research has shown that youngsters who take music lessons are more likely to be top of their class, Professor Glenn Smith claims this link is 2.(mislead).
“Music may change you a bit, but it’s also the case that different children take music lessons,” said Professor Smith of the University of Toronto, 3. added that parents’ education had most influence on musicality.
“Children who take music lessons come from families with incomes 4. (high) than average. They come from families with more 5.(educate) parents, they also do more extra-curricular activities, they are more likely to learn 6. instrument, and they do better at school.”
“We 7.(motivate) by the fact that kids who take music lessons are particularly good students. In school they actually do better than you would predict from their IQ. So 8.(obvious) something else is going on. We thought that 9.(person) might be the thing.” Professor Smith explained, “Clearly studying music changes the brain, but so does any learning. In fact, that is 10. learning is,” he added.
I always wanted to be a writer. When I was fifteen, I _______ to my English class that I was going to write my own books. My classmates fell out of their chairs laughing. “Don’t be _______. Only geniuses can become writers,” the English teacher said, “And you are getting Ds.” I was so _______ that I burst into tears.
That night I wrote a short sad poem about _______ dreams and mailed it to a newspaper. To my _______, they published it and sent me two dollars. I couldn’t believe it. I became a published and _______ writer. _______, I sold more poems. By the time I graduated, I had scrapbooks filled with my published work. I never _______ my writing to my teachers or classmates again as they were dream _______.
Years later, when I was ready to write my first novel, I already had four children. I wrote on my typewriter while they napped. It took nine months to finish. I ________ chose a publisher, put my book in a ________ and mailed it off. The letter I ________ read, “I wrote this book myself and I hope you’ll like it. Thank you.”
A month later I received a contract (合同) and a/an ________ to start another book. My book, Crying Wind, became a best seller. Translated into fifteen languages, it was sold ________.
People asked what college I ________ and what qualifications I have to be a writer. The answer is: “None”. I’m not ________ and I just write. To those who ________ writing, I’m shouting at you: “Yes, you can. Don’t ________ others.” I don’t write right but I’ve overcome the ________. Writing is ________, and anyone can do it.
1.A. announced B. admitted C. introduced D. advertised
2.A. optimistic B. enthusiastic C. silly D. sad
3.A. surprised B. confused C. worried D. ashamed
4.A. ambitious B. broken C. wild D. vivid
5.A. annoyance B. regret C. astonishment D. satisfaction
6.A. respected B. famous C. valued D. paid
7.A. Gradually B. Especially C. Finally D. Suddenly
8.A. submitted B. mentioned C. sold D. returned
9.A. savers B. makers C. killers D. seekers
10.A. randomly B. partly C. nervously D. naturally
11.A. collection B. bottle C. suitcase D. package
12.A. covered B. attached C. received D. published
13.A. request B. doubt C. instruction D. attempt
14.A. separately B. originally C. freely D. internationally
15.A. entered B. established C. attended D. operated
16.A. satisfied B. trained C. courageous D. hard-working
17.A. approve of B. dream of C. succeed in D. believe in
18.A. argue with B. rely on C. fight against D. listen to
19.A. uncertainties B. qualities C. difficulties D. curiosities
20.A. easy B. challenging C. boring D. logical
