Question

A cookie can give one person a sugar rush while barely affecting another person, a new study finds, indicating that a food’s glycemic index（血糖指数）is in the eater.

People’s blood sugar rises or falls differently even when they eat the exact same fruit, bread, deserts, pizza and many other foods, researchers report. That suggests that diets should be tailored to individuals’ personal characteristics.

The researchers made the discovery after fitting 800 people with blood glucose （血糖）monitors for a week. The people ate standard breakfasts supplied by the researchers. Although the volunteers all ate the same food, their blood glucose levels after eating those foods varied dramatically. Characteristics and behaviors such as body mass index, sleep, exercise, blood pressure, cholesterol levels and the kinds of microbes（微生物） living in people’s intestines are associated with blood glucose responses to food, the researchers conclude.

Those findings indicate that blood sugar spikes （血糖尖峰）after eating depend not only on what you eat, but how your system processes that food.

A team led by a biologist created a computer algorithm(计算程序) that predicted how much a person’s blood sugar would rise or fall after eating a certain food. When testing on a new group of 100 people, the algorithm correctly predicted the response about 70 percent of the time.

A third group of 26 participants were then given personalized meals. The computer algorithm analyzed each person and then picked diets for 12 of them. A nutritionist chose a “good” and “bad” diet for the remaining participants. Good diets were ones that minimized blood sugar spikes after eating. Bad diets sent blood sugar skyrocketing. The diets contained the same amount of calories. It turned out that foods on the “good” diet for one person were sometimes on another participant’s “bad” list.

1.A food’s glycemic index depends on ______.

A. diets    B. sleep

C. health    D. eaters

2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “tailored” in Paragraph 2?

A. limited    B. adjusted

C. applied    D. compared

3.The good diets chosen by a nutritionist were the ones that _______ after eating.

A. made blood sugar unchanged

B. sent blood sugar rising sharply

C. reduced blood sugar spikes to the lowest

D. provided body with lots of calories

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. People’s Blood Sugar Rises Or Falls

B. A Good Diet for You May be Bad for Me

C. Diets And Blood Sugar

D. Can a Cookie Give One Person a Sugar Rush?

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】本文是一篇科普知识类的说明文。根据研究表明了不同的人即使吃同样的东西，但是血糖的升降是不同的，对于一个人是好的饮食但对于另一个人可能不是，所以，饮食的好坏因人而异，因人而吃。

1.细节理解题，根据第一段“…a food’s glycemic index is in the eater.”可知，一种食物的血糖指数在于饮食者。

2.词义理解题，根据第二段内容：研究报告说明，不同人即使吃同样的食物，血糖升降也是不同的，这表明了饮食要根据个人的个性特征调整和适应。A. limited“有限的”；B. adjusted“改变..以适应”；C. applied“应用于”；D. compared“比较”，所以B项正确。

3.细节理解题，根据最后一段第四句话“Good diets were ones that that minimized blood sugar spikes after eating.”可知，好的饮食是吃完后，能把血糖峰值减少到最低点的食物。所以C选项正确。

4.主旨大意题，根据文章首段及文章的尾段的最后一句话可知，C选项概况全文，最适合做本文标题。

【名师点睛】

细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。 在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决直接理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。

以本文为例，本题属于语意理解题，采用定位法锁定答案：我们根据题干中“The good diets chosen by a nutritionist were the ones that _______ after eating”营养学家认为好的饮食是在饭后……，其关键词是good diets, 从而直接定位到最后一段 “A nutritionist chose a “good” and “bad” diet for the remaining participants. Good diets were ones that minimized blood sugar spikes after eating.”可知好的饮食可以在饭后使血糖水平降到最低，故选择C项。