Question

In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom(开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.

Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.

From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with  a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don't know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.

Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.

1.“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph I refers to ________．

A. a course given by the author

B. an organization sponsored by Union College

C. a program directed by Dorothy

D. an activity held by the students

2.Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by ________．

A. the sight of poke greens

B. a warm welcome

C. Dorothy's latest projects

D. a big dinner made for her

3.What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?

A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.

B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.

C. She received her Ph.

D. degree.

4.What does the author mainly intend to tell us?

A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.

B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment

C. However poor you are, you have the right to education.

D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.D

【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个项目的评估专家去拜访一位贫困山区的教师的故事。开始一路上的穷困景象让作者很沮丧，但后来这位教师以及她的学生们的热情和乐观使作者深受感动且印象深刻。

1.细节理解题。Early Childhood Development是一门课程，而不是由Union College发起的一个组织，B项错误；Early Childhood Development不是Dorothy指导的项目，她只是参与作者从事的项目的一位教师，C项错误；Early Childhood Development也不是学生举办的一次活动，D项错误；根据第一段的第三句“...when I was teaching Early Childhood Development”当我在教授Early Childhood Development这门课时，可知，Early Childhood Development是由作者任教的一门课程，故选A。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom，I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen.”可知作者一到Dorothy的教室，就受到了“女王”般的待遇，即受到了热烈欢迎。故选B。

3.细节理解题。A、B两项的描述与原文相反，应该是她请作者去吃饭庆祝，并送给作者一支钢笔；原文中说她像得到博士学位一样高兴，而不是真的得到了博士学位，C项错误；根据最后一段第四句“She came to the assessment and passed in all areas.”可知她通过了所需的评估。故选D。

4.主旨大意题。作者在文章开头提到了那块有着不寻常意义的匾上的字，“Bloom where you are planted.”，即“在你被播种的地方开花”，并通过一个真实的故事告诉我们，不管我们在哪里，都可以实现自己的梦想，取得成就，故选D。

【名师点睛】细节理解型：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：(1)一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例极少。(2)语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。(3)语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例很大。(4)是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。(5)事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。例如：本文中的第3小题：

【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中(4)是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。

【答案定位】。A、B两项的描述与原文相反，应该是她请作者去吃饭庆祝，并送给作者一支钢笔；原文中说她像得到博士学位一样高兴，而不是真的得到了博士学位，C项错误；根据最后一段第四句“She came to the assessment and passed in all areas.”可知她通过了所需的评估。