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In 2017, AlphaGo defeated Chinese player...

In 2017, AlphaGo defeated Chinese player Ke Jie to become the world’s No 1, ending thousands of years of human dominance(控制)in the game. AlphaGo is an artificial intelligence(AI)Go-playing program.1.

Artificial intelligence(AI)is usually defined as the science of marking computers do things that require intelligence when done by humans.2.These include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language-understanding.

3.In fact we are increasingly depending. upon computer-based artificial intelligence. As Charlie Qrtiz said, head of AL at the Massachusetts-based software company Nuance Communication, “It has opened a window for us.”Smartphones, self-driving cars, intelligent robots,etc. are constantly coming into our life. According to a recent survey, half of the world’s AI experts believe human level machine intelligence will be achieved by 2040. This will open up huge possibilities for the enrichment of mankind, from tackling climate change and treating disease to labour- saving devices.

4.Physicist Stephen Hawking last year warned that unless we take care, board games might be the least of it. “The development of full artificial intelligence could mean the end of the human race.”5.They believe AlphaGo’s victory is a reminder of how fast the world is overcoming the obstacles in the way of AI, and its distribution in the world about us. Although there may yet be no evidence that computers will ever shake off their human masters, we should still treat these development with the humility and caution they deserve.

A. Other scientists have also expressed the concern.

B. Artificial intelligence has both advantages and disadvantages.

C. Defeating a human Go master is not the only thing AI can do.

D. Artificial intelligence will bring us disasters instead of benefits.

E. It was designed by an American Artificial intelligence company.

F. Not all experts hold the optimistic attitudes to the development of AI.

G. Research in AI has so far focused on some special fields of intelligence.

 

1.E 2.G 3.C 4.F 5.A 【解析】文章主要讲述了人工智能,以及人们对于人工智能的不同态度。 1.根据前句内容AlphaGo is an artificial intelligence(AI)Go-playing program. 可知,此处是对阿尔法狗的介绍,所以E合适,意为它是被美国的人工智能公司设计的。 2.根据后句的内容These include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language-understanding.可知,主要介绍了人工智能研究涉及的领域,所以前句是对对研究的评价,引出后句的研究领域。所以G正确。这些领域包括学习,推理,问题解决,感知以及语言理解等。 3.根据后句内容In fact we are increasingly depending. upon computer-based artificial intelligence.。。。Smartphones, self-driving cars, intelligent robots,etc. are constantly coming into our life.可知人工智能现在已经被应用于很多领域,所以此处表示在围棋比赛中战胜人类不是人工智能唯一的表现。所以C正确。 4.根据后文内容Physicist Stephen Hawking last year warned that unless we take care, board games might be the least of it. “The development of full artificial intelligence could mean the end of the human race.可知人们对于人工智能的观点有些是消极的。所以F正确。 5.根据后文的They believe AlphaGo’s victory is a reminder of how fast the world is overcoming the obstacles in the way of AI, and its distribution in the world about us.可知,此处仍表达一部分人的观点 ,所以选A,表示其他的科学家们也表达了关注。
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A 16-year survey on the arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer(驯鹿)there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent. The reduction in average body-mass is being blamed on global warming.

In research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool, scientists will explain how rising temperatures are making female reindeer difficult to obtain nutrients during important periods of being pregnant.

Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of the year, which, combined with low temperatures, limits grass growth to June and July. But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5℃, grasslands have become more productive, allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to conceive(孕育)more calves.

However, warmer winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when is settles on the snow, therefore locking out the reindeer from the life-supporting food below. As a result, female reindeer are becoming starved, causing them to give birth to much lighter young. The average mass of an adult reindeer in 1998, when the survey began, was 55kg, but by 2016 IT had dropped to 48kg.

Professor Steve Albon, an ecologist at the James Hatton Institute in Aberdeen , said that, because the mammals have a relatively high surface-area-to-volume ratio(表面积与体积比), they are no particularly energy efficient.

Reindeer can often access the inadequate food sources beneath the snow by clearing IT away with their antlers(鹿角), but they cannot break through the hard ice. Without access to the food in winter, calves are being born far lighter than they should be. Numbers of reindeer have also increased rapidly in the past 20 years, meaning that those which are born are facing greater competition for food. “The implication(含义)are that there may well be more smaller reindeer in the Arctic in the coming decades, but possibly at the risk of catastrophic die-offs because of increased ice on the ground,”said Professor Albon Despite the gloomy findings, reindeer appear to be suffering less from the impact of climate change than some other arctic species.

1.Which of the following may be the most important reason for the smaller reindeer?

A. Heavy snow.

B. Greater rainfall.

C. Hard ice.

D. Global warming.

2.According to the passage, rising temperatures will not lead to_________.

A. grass growing more rapidly in summer

B. more rainfall in the arctic area in winter

C. female reindeer’s gaining more weight in winter

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3.What does the underlined word“gloomy”in the last paragraph mean?

A. Exciting.

B. Optimistic.

C. Disappointing.

D. Doubtful.

4.How does the writer develop the passage?

A. By analyzing the research.

B. By classification of reindeer.

C. By comparing opinions of experts.

D. By telling stories of different species.

 

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There is a huge different between saying you act lazy sometimes and you are a lazy person. One is suggesting that your laziness is temporary while the other suggests that it’s permanent. This is the myth of laziness. People who are lazy aren’t; they simply are people who are temporarily acting that way.

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For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone offered you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to go to clean out the garage, would someone pointing a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative as long as it’s strong enough to induce(引起)action.

To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is to help them find purpose and enough reasons to work towards a certain goal.

1.According to the passage, who can be viewed as acting lazy?

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B. A husband who never cleans out the garage.

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B. they lack enough money

C. they have too many negative feelings

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3.The purpose of the writing is to help readers___________.

A. to recognize one’s weakness

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C. to have a clear idea about what a habit is

D. to inspire students to be hard-working

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A. learned to dance at the age of 3

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Sherlock: The Abominable Bride.

Release date: January 1, 2016

Price: $8

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3.活动:登山、野餐等。

注意:

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

第二节  读后续写(满分25分)

阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

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At this moment, Paul and Beeky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.

 

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4. 续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

 

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