Question

Dandelions（蒲公英） are common weeds that grow in many places around the world. In different _______, dandelions take different shapes. Scientists have long _______ that different habitats led to the creation of _______ species, and that differences in form are actual proof of different species. _______, according to Turesson, it is also possible that a _______ species takes different shapes dependent on the habitats it _______ in. To study this, I have looked at two dandelions growing in different habitats. The one, ________ I will call Dandelion 1, grows in a grass field that lies in the _______. The other Dandelion, Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow, eg _______ the trees or behind a shed. The grass field is hot and _______. The shadow is cool and wet. So, what are the _______ between Dandelion 1 and 2?

Dandelion 1 is dark green, and its ________ are short and quite thick. Most of the leaves lie _______ on the surrounding grass. The flowers are short. Dandelion 2, on the other hand, looks very differently. The leaves are long and ________green, Most leaves stand in a vertical position. The flowers also _______ tall.

Dandelion 2 _______ strong and tall. It is clear that it grows very well in the ______, and that has enough ________ and space to grow into a big plant. Dandelion 1, on the other hand, is small and dark. It seems that the ________ in the grassland make it difficult for this dandelion to grow into a big plant.

________, the conditions in the two different habitats result in different shapes for these dandelions. For Dandelion 1, the sun makes the grass field hot and dry. In order to save water, it grows short and thick leaves.

1.A. houses    B. habitats    C. parks    D. countries

2.A. disagreed    B. provided    C. believed    D. calculated

3.A. new    B. good    C. old    D. bad

4.A. However    B. Therefore    C. Thus    D. Otherwise

5.A. same    B. different    C. strange    D. single

6.A. plants    B. works    C. takes    D. grows

7.A. what    B. which    C. that    D. when

8.A. world    B. mountain    C. sun    D. valley

9.A. under    B. over    C. upon    D. between

10.A. Humid    B. Wet    C. Soft    D. dry

11.A. similarities    B. advantages    C. differences    D. disadvantages

12.A. seeds    B. leaves    C. weeds    D. woods

13.A. flat    B. apart    C. dead    D. logical

14.A. dark    B. bright    C. artificial    D. familiar

15.A. lie    B. break    C. stand    D. perform

16.A. sounds    B. smells    C. feels    D. looks

17.A. swallow    B. shallow    C. shadow    D. shape

18.A. sunshine    B. leaves    C. honey    D. water

19.A. Conditions    B. Occasions    C. Situations    D. preparations

20.A. Fortunately    B. Obviously    C. Consequently    D. Accidentally

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.A

5.D

6.D

7.B

8.C

9.A

10.D

11.C

12.B

13.A

14.B

15.C

16.D

17.C

18.D

19.A

20.B

【解析】作者通过亲身实验告诉我们两种不同的生存环境导致蒲公英不同的形状。

1.B

考查名词。A. houses住宅；B. habitats栖息地；C. parks公园；D. countries国家。此处指蒲公英是多地常见的植物，不同生长地的蒲公英有不同的形状，故选B.

2.C

考查动词。A. disagreed不同意；B. provided提供；C. believed认为；D. calculated计算。此处表达科学家们的观点，应该是科学家认为，故选C.

3.A

考查形容词。A. new新的；B. good好的；C. old旧的，老的；D. bad坏的。不同生长地导致新品种的创新，此处指新品种，故选A.

4.A

考查副词。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。上句说不同形状证明是不同物种，下句讲Turesson认为也有可能同一物种有不同形状，前后句表转折，故选A.

5.D

考查形容词。A. same相同的；B. different不同的；C. strange奇怪的；D. single单一的。此处指单一物种有不同形状，故选D.

6.D

考查动词。A. plants栽种；B. works工作；C. takes取走；D. grows生长。此处指蒲公英生长的环境，故选D.

7.B

考查代词。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. that那；D. when什么时候。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是The one（蒲公英）指物，在定语从句中作call的宾语，用关系代词which引导，故选B.

8.C

考查名词。A. world世界；B. mountain山；C. sun太阳；D. valley山谷。此处与in the shadow对比，根据The grass field is hot和文章最后For Dandelion 1, the sun makes the grass field hot and dry.也可知第一种蒲公英是种在阳光下，故选C.

9.A

考查介词。A. under在之下；B. over在之上；C. upon根据；D. between在之间。此处解释上句的in the shadow，在阴凉处指树下或房子后面，根据常识选A.

10.D

考查形容词。A. Humid潮湿的；B. Wet湿的；C. Soft软的；D. dry干的。此处指阳光下的草地是干的和热的，故选D.

11.C

考查名词。A. similarities相似之处；B. advantages优势；C. differences差异；D. disadvantages劣势。作者这样种植是为了观察其区别，下文就列举了观察结果，故选C.

12.B

考查名词。A. seeds种子；B. leaves叶子；C. weeds野草；D. woods树林，木头。此处指第一种蒲公英深绿，叶子短厚。与下句the leaves呼应，故选B.

13.A

考查形容词。A. flat平的；B. apart分开的；C. dead死的；D. logical合理的。此处指蒲公英的叶子平铺在周围的草上面，故选A.

14.B

考查形容词。A. dark黑暗的；B. bright明亮的；C. artificial人造的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据句中looks very differently和上文的dark green可知第二种蒲公英是翠绿的，故选B.

15.C

考查动词。A. lie躺，说谎；B. break打破；C. stand站立；D. perform执行，表演。与第一种的Most of the leaves lie flat on the surrounding grass.对比，指长得很高，故选C.

16.D

考查动词。A. sounds听起来；B. smells闻起来；C. feels觉得；D. looks看起来。第二种蒲公英看起来很高很强壮，指蒲公英外表故选D.

17.C

考查名词。A. swallow 燕子；B. shallow浅的；C. shadow 阴影；D. shape形状。和上文Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow和The shadow is cool and wet.可知此处指种在阴凉处的蒲公英，故选C.

18.D

考查名词。A. sunshine阳光；B. leaves树叶；C. honey蜂蜜；D. water水。此处指种在阴凉处有足够的水分和空间生长，故选D.

19.A

考查名词。A. Conditions条件；B. Occasions场合；C. Situations状况；D. preparations准备。此处指似乎草地的条件使蒲公英很难生长成大的植物，故选A.

20.B

考查副词。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Consequently因此；D. Accidentally偶然地。句意：很明显，两种不同的生存环境导致不同的蒲公英形状。根据句意故选B.

【名师点睛】

完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：

1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力

完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。

2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力

解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。如小题8考查名词。A. world世界；B. mountain山；C. sun太阳；D. valley山谷。此处与in the shadow对比，根据The grass field is hot和文章最后For Dandelion 1, the sun makes the grass field hot and dry.也可知第一种蒲公英是种在阳光下，故选C. 小题14考查形容词。A. dark黑暗的；B. bright明亮的；C. artificial人造的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据句中looks very differently和上文的dark green可知第二种蒲公英是翠绿的，故选B. 小题17考查名词。A. swallow 燕子；B. shallow浅的；C. shadow 阴影；D. shape形状。和上文Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow和The shadow is cool and wet.可知此处指种在阴凉处的蒲公英，故选C.

3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力

旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如小题4考查副词。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。上句说不同形状证明是不同物种，下句讲Turesson认为也有可能同一物种有不同形状，前后句表转折，根据语境选A.

4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力

目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题9考查介词。A. under在之下；B. over在之上；C. upon根据；D. between在之间。此处解释上句的in the shadow，在阴凉处指树下或房子后面，根据常识选A.